使用Moq修改默认的ASP.NET MVC项目单元测试

当你创建一个ASP.NET MVC项目时,你可能注意到自动增加基于ASP.NET membership的名为AccountController验证类.有一个问题,当你去看AccountController单元测试类时,你会发现它们是手动Mock的类.我们可以使用第三方mocking类库来代替它们.这里使用是Moq.Moq是一个轻量级mocking框架,基于.net Framework3.5与 LINQ.它可以通过lambdas表达式来定义所期望返回值,易读的语法,待会儿看下面代码.
首先,去Moq's Google Code 主页,下载类库,然后引用到测试项目中.用下面的代码直接替换原来的GetAccountController()方法:

/// <summary>
/// Gets the account controller.
/// </summary>
/// <returns>AccountController</returns>
private static AccountController GetAccountController()
{
var mockFormsAuth = new Mock<IFormsAuthentication>();
var mockUser = new Mock<MembershipUser>();
mockUser.Setup(u => u.ChangePassword(It.IsAny<string>(),
It.Is<string>(s => s == "newPass"))).Returns(true);
var mockMembership = new Mock<MembershipProvider>();
mockMembership.Setup(m => m.EnablePasswordReset).Returns(false);
mockMembership.Setup(m => m.EnablePasswordRetrieval).Returns(false);
mockMembership.Setup(m => m.MinRequiredNonAlphanumericCharacters).Returns(0);
mockMembership.Setup(m => m.MinRequiredPasswordLength).Returns(6);
mockMembership.Setup(m => m.ValidateUser(It.IsAny<string>(),
It.Is<string>(s => s == "goodPass"))).Returns(true);
mockMembership.Setup(m => m.GetUser(It.IsAny<string>(),
It.IsAny<bool>())).Returns(mockUser.Object);
// Registration success mock
MembershipCreateStatus goodStatus = MembershipCreateStatus.Success;
mockMembership.Setup(m => m.CreateUser(It.Is<string>(s => s == "someUser"),
It.Is<string>(s => s == "goodPass"),
It.Is<String>(s => s == "email"), It.IsAny<string>(),
It.IsAny<string>(),
It.IsAny<bool>(),
It.IsAny<object>(),
out goodStatus)).Returns(mockUser.Object);
// Registration failed mock (duplicate username)
MembershipCreateStatus dupeStatus = MembershipCreateStatus.DuplicateUserName;
mockMembership.Setup(m => m.CreateUser(It.Is<string>(s => s == "someUser"),
It.Is<string>(s => s == "badPass"),
It.Is<string>(s => s == "DuplicateUserName"),
It.IsAny<string>(),
It.IsAny<string>(),
It.IsAny<bool>(),
It.IsAny<object>(),
out dupeStatus));
AccountMembershipService mockService = new AccountMembershipService(mockMembership.Object);
AccountController controller = new AccountController(mockFormsAuth.Object, mockService);
controller.SetFakeAuthenticatedControllerContext();
return controller;
}

好了,现在你可以删除原来的那些手动的Mock类了,有一个验证构造函数的单元测试,你可以删除它或使用Moq来实现.SetFakeAuthenticatedControllerContext() 方法是来自Scott Hanselman's MvcMockHelpers,按新版moq做了些修改:

/// <summary>
/// Fakes the authenticated HTTP context.
/// </summary>
/// <remarks>Author: Petter Liu http://wintersun.cnblogs.com </remarks>
/// <returns>HttpContextBase</returns>
public static HttpContextBase FakeAuthenticatedHttpContext()
{
var context = new Mock<HttpContextBase>();
var request = new Mock<HttpRequestBase>();
var response = new Mock<HttpResponseBase>();
var session = new Mock<HttpSessionStateBase>();
var server = new Mock<HttpServerUtilityBase>();
var user = new Mock<IPrincipal>();
var identity = new Mock<IIdentity>();

context.Setup(ctx => ctx.Request).Returns(request.Object);
context.Setup(ctx => ctx.Response).Returns(response.Object);
context.Setup(ctx => ctx.Session).Returns(session.Object);
context.Setup(ctx => ctx.Server).Returns(server.Object);
context.Setup(ctx => ctx.User).Returns(user.Object);
user.Setup(ctx => ctx.Identity).Returns(identity.Object);
identity.Setup(id => id.IsAuthenticated).Returns(true);
identity.Setup(id => id.Name).Returns("test");
return context.Object;
}

/// <summary>
/// Sets the fake authenticated controller context.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="controller">The controller.</param>
public static void SetFakeAuthenticatedControllerContext(this Controller controller)
{
var httpContext = FakeAuthenticatedHttpContext();
ControllerContext context =
new ControllerContext(
new RequestContext(httpContext,
new RouteData()), controller);
controller.ControllerContext = context;
}

使用moq来mock代码比以前少了些,并且很简单.Moq在TDD中很实用,我相信如果你喜欢TDD,那么你也会慢慢喜欢Moq的.

Author:Petter Liu http://wintersun.cnblogs.com