laravel 基础教程 —— 测试

测试

简介

phpunit.xml

tests

ExampleTest.php

phpunit

测试环境

testing

testing

phpunit.xml

config:clear

定义 & 运行测试

make:test

php artisan make:test UserTest

tests

UserTest

phpunit

<?php

use Illuminate\Foundation\Testing\WithoutMiddleware;
use Illuminate\Foundation\Testing\DatabaseMigrationgs;
use Illuminate\Foundation\Testing\DatabaseTransactions;

class UserTest extends TestCase
{
/**
* A basic test example.
*
* @return void
*/
public function testExample()
{
$this->assetTrue(true);
}
}

setUp

parent::setUp

应用测试

tests

ExampleTest.php

<?php

use Illuminate\Foundation\Testing\WithoutMiddleware;
use Illuminate\Foundation\Testing\DatabaseTransactions;

class ExampleTest extends TestCase
{
/**
* A basic functional test example
*
* @return void
*/
public function testBasicExample()
{
$this->visit('/')
->see('Laravel 5')
->dontSee('Rails');
}
}

visit

GET

see

dontSee

see

与应用进行交互

<a href="/about-us">About Us</a>

public function testBasicExample()
{
$this->visit('/')
->click('About Us')
->seePageIs('/about-us')
}

type

select

check

attach

press

<form action="/register" method="POST">
{{ csrf_field() }}
<div>
Name: <input type="text" name="name">
</div>
<div><input type="checkbox" value="yes" name="terms">Accept Terms</input></div>

<div><input type="submit"></div>
</form>

public function testNewUserRegistration()
{
$this->visit('/register')
->type('Taylor', 'name')
->check('terms')
->press('Register')
->seePageIs('/dashboard');
}

$this->type($text, $elementName)

$this->select($value, $elementName)

$this->check($elementName)

$this->uncheck($elementName)

$this->attach($pathToFile, $elementName)

$this->press($buttonTextOrElementName)

file

attach

public function testPhotoCanBeUploaded()
{
$this->visit('/upload')
->type('File Name', 'name')
->attach($absolutePathToFile, 'photo')
->press('Upload')
->see('Upload Successful!');
}

测试 JSON APIs

get

post

put

patch

delete

POST

/user

<?php

class ExampleTest extends TestCase
{
/**
* A basic functional test example.
*
* @return void
*/
public function testBasicExample()
{
$this->json('POST', '/user', ['name' => 'Sally'])
->seeJson([
'created' => true,
]) ;
}
}

seeJson

seeJsonEquals

<?php

class ExampleTest extends TestCase
{
/**
* A basic functional test example.
*
* @return void
*/
public function testBasicExample()
{
$this->json('POST', '/user', ['name' => 'Sally'])
->seeJsonEquals([
'created' => true,
]);
}
}

seeJsonStructure

<?php

class ExampleTest extends TestCase
{
/**
* A basic functional test example.
*
* @return void
*/
public function testBasicExample()
{
$this->get('/user/1')
->seeJsonStructure([
'name',
'pet' => [
'name', 'age'
]
]);
}
}

name

pet

pet

name

age

seeJsonStructure

pet

weight

*

<?php

class ExampleTest extends TestCase
{
/**
* A basic functional test example.
*
* @return void
*/
public function testBasicExample()
{
// Assert that each user in the list has at least an id, name and email attribute.
$this->get('/users')
->seeJsonStructure([
'*' => [
'id', 'name', 'email'
]
]);
}
}

*

pet

$this->get('/users')
->seeJsonStructure([
'*' => [
'id', 'name', 'email', 'pets' => [
'*' => [
'name', 'age'
]
]
]
]);

会话 / 认证

withSession

<?php

class ExampleTest extends TestCase
{
public function testApplication()
{
$this->withSession(['foo' => 'bar'])
->visit('/');
}
}

actingAs

<?php

class ExampleTest extends TestCase
{
public function testApplication()
{
$user = factory(App\User::class)->create();

$this->actingAs($user)
->withSession(['foo' => 'bar'])
->visit('/')
->see('Hello' . $user->name);
}
}

actingAs

$this->actingAs($user, 'backend')

禁用中间件

WithoutMiddleware

<?php

use Illuminate\Foundation\Testing\WithoutMiddleware;
use Illuminate\Foundation\Testing\DatabaseTransactions;

class ExampleTest extends TestCase
{
use WithoutMiddleware;

//
}

withoutMiddleware

<?php

class ExampleTest extends TestCase
{
/**
* A basic functional test example.
*
* @return void
*/
public funcion testBasicExample()
{
$this->withoutMiddleware();

$this->visit('/')
->see('Laravel 5');
}
}

定制化 HTTP 请求

Illuminate\Http\Response

call

public function testApplication()
{
$response = $this->call('GET', '/');

$this->assertEquals(200, $response->status());
}

POST

PUT

PATCH

$response = $this->call('POST', '/user', ['name' => 'Taylor']);

PHPUnit 断言

->assertResponseOk();

->assertResponseStatus($code)

->assertViewHas($key, $value = null);

->assertViewHasAll(array $bindings);

->assertViewMissing($key);

->assertRedirectedTo($uri, $with = []);

->assertRedirectedToRoute($name, $parameters = [], $with = []);

->assertSessionHas($key, $value = null);

->assertSessionHasAll(array $bindings);

->assertSessionHasErrors($bindings = [], $format = null);

->assertHasOldInput();

->assertSessionMissing($key);

与数据库协作

seeInDatabase

users

email

sally@example.com

public function testDatabase()
{
// Make call to application...

$this->seeInDatabase('users', ['email' => 'sally@example.com']);
}

seeInDatabase

在每个测试后重置数据库

DatabaseMigrations

<?php

use Illuminate\Foundation\Testing\WithoutMiddleware;
use Illuminate\Foundation\Testing\DatabaseMigrations;
use Illuminate\Foundation\Testing\DatabaseTransactions;

class ExampleTest extends TestCase
{
use DatabaseMigrations;

/**
* A basic functional test example.
*
* @return void
*/
public function testBasicExample()
{
$this->visit('/')
->see('Laravel 5');
}
}

DatabaseTransactions

<?php

use Illuminate\Foundation\Testing\WithoutMiddleware;
use Illuminate\Foundation\Testing\DatabaseMigrations;
use Illuminate\Foundation\Testing\DatabaseTransactions;

class ExampleTest extends TestCase
{
use DatabaseTransactions;

/**
* A basic functional test example.
*
* @return void
*/
public function testBasicExample()
{
$this->visit('/')
->see('Laravel 5');
}
}

模型工厂

database/factories/ModelFactory.php

$factory->define(App\User::class, function (Faker\Generator $faker) {
return [
'name' => $faker->name,
'email' => $faker->email,
'password' => bcrypt(str_random(10)),
'remember_token' => str_random(10),
] ;
});

ModelFactory.php

database/factories

UserFactory.php

CommentFactory.php

defineAs

$factory->defineAs(App\User::class, 'admin', function ($faker) {
return [
'name' => $faker->name,
'email' => $faker->email,
'password' => str_random(10),
'remember_token' => str_random(10),
'admin' => true,
];
});

raw

$factory->defineAs(App\User::class, 'admin', function ($faker) use ($factory) {
$user = $factory->raw(App\User::class);

return array_merge($user, ['admin' => true]);
});

factory

make

public function testDatabase()
{
$user = factory(App\User::class)->make();

// Use model in tests...
}

make

$user = factory(App\User::class)->make([
'name' => 'Abigail',
]);

// Create three App\User instances...
$user = factory(App\User::class, 3)->make();

// Create an App\User "admin" instance...
$user = factory(App\User::class, 'admin')->make();

// Create three App\User "admin" instance...
$user = factory(App\User::class, 'admin', 3)->make();

create

save

public function testDatabase()
{
$user = factory(App\User::class)->create();

// Use model in tests...
}

create

$user = factory(App\User::class)->create([
'name' => 'Abigail',
]);

create

each

$users = factory(App\User::class, 3)
->create()
->each(function ($u) {
$u->posts()->save(factory(App\Post::class)->make());
});

Post

User

$factory->fefine(App\Post::class, function($faker) {
return [
'title' => $faker->title,
'content' => $faker->paragraph,
'user_id' => function () {
return factory(App\User::class)->create()->id;
}
];
});

$factory->define(App\Post::class, function ($faker) {
return [
'title' => $faker->title,
'content' => $faker->paragraph,
'user_id' => function () {
return factory(App\User::class)->create()->id;
},
'user_type' => function (array $post) {
return App\User::find($post['user_id'])->type;
}
];
});

模拟

模拟事件

UserRegistered

expectsEvents

<?php

class ExampleTest extends TestCase
{
public function testUserRegistration()
{
$this->expectsEvents(App\Events\UserRegistered::class);

// Test user registration...
}
}

doesntExpectEvents

<?php

class ExampleTest extends TestCase
{
public function testPodcastPurchase()
{
$this->expectsEvents(App\Events\PodcastWasPurchased::class);

$this->doesntExpectEvents(App\Events\PaymentWasDeclined::class);

// Test purchasing podcast...
}
}

withoutEvents

<?php

class ExampleTest extends TestCase
{
public function testUerRegistration()
{
$this->withoutEvents();

// Test user registration code...
}
}

模拟任务

expectsJobs

<?php

class ExampleTest extends TestCase
{
public function testPurchasePodcast()
{
$this->expectsJobs(App\Jobs\PurchasePodcast::class);

// Test purchase podcast code...
}
}

DispatchesJobs

dispatch

Queue::push

模拟假面

<?php

namespace App\Http\Controllers;

use Cache;

class UserController extends Controller
{
/**
* Show a list of all users of the application
*
* @return Response
*/
public function index()
{
$value = Cache::get('key');

//
}
}

shouldReceive

Cache

Cache

<?php

class FooTest extends TestCase
{
public function testGetIndex()
{
Cache::shouldReceive('get')
->once()
->with('key')
->andReturn('value');

$this->visit('/users')->see('value');
}
}

Request

call

post