LNMP环境搭建

一、系统环境：CentOS_6.5，32位二、软件要求：（亲测，将软件包拷贝到/usr/local/src/目录下）mysql-5.1.73-linux-i686-glibc23.tar.gzphp-5.3.27.tar.gznginx-1.4.4.tar.gz-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------一、安装MySQL
1、解压[root@CentOS_LNMP src]# tar zxvf mysql-5.1.73-linux-i686-glibc23.tar.gz2、把解压后的数据包移动至/usr/local/mysql[root@CentOS_LNMP src]# mv mysql-5.1.73-linux-i686-glibc23 /usr/local/mysql3、创建mysql用户（没有家目录且不能登陆的用户）[root@CentOS_LNMP mysql]# useradd -M -s /sbin/nologin mysql4、初始化数据库[root@CentOS_LNMP mysql]# mkdir -p /data/mysql //创建datadir，数据库文件会放在这里[root@CentOS_LNMP mysql]# chown -R mysql:mysql /data/mysql //更改mysql属主属组[root@CentOS_LNMP mysql]# ./scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --datadir=/data/mysql//--user定义数据库所属主，--datadir定义数据库安装目录 看到2个ok代表安装成功5、拷贝配置文件[root@CentOS_LNMP mysql]# cp support-files/my-large.cnf /etc/my.cnf6、拷贝启动脚本并修改属性[root@CentOS_LNMP mysql]# cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld[root@CentOS_LNMP mysql]# chmod 755 /etc/init.d/mysqld7、修改启动脚本[root@CentOS_LNMP mysql]# vim /etc/init.d/mysqld修改：basedir=/usr/local/mysql datadir=/data/mysql8、把启动脚本加入系统服务项，并设定开机启动，启动mysql[root@CentOS_LNMP mysql]# chkconfig --add mysqld[root@CentOS_LNMP mysql]# chkconfig mysqld on[root@CentOS_LNMP mysql]# service mysqld start说明：若不能启动，可以到 /data/mysql/ 目录下查看错误日志，日志通常是主机名.err。检查MySQL是否启动的命令为：ps aux |gerp mysqld。二、安装php为防止后面出错先安装需要的软件或者库文件[root@CentOS_LNMP src]# yum install -y gcc gcc-c++ make zlib zlib-devel pcre pcre-devel libjpeg libjpeg-devel libpng libpng-devel freetype freetype-devel libxml2 libxml2-devel glibc glibc-devel glib2 glib2-devel bzip2 bzip2-devel ncurses ncurses-devel curl curl-devel e2fsprogs e2fsprogs-devel krb5 krb5-devel openssl openssl-devel openldap openldap-devel nss_ldap openldap-clients openldap-servers libtool libtool-ltdl-devel[root@CentOS_LNMP src]# yum install -y epel-release.noarch[root@CentOS_LNMP src]# yum install -y libmcrypt-devel1、解压[root@CentOS_LNMP src]# tar zxvf php-5.3.27.tar.gz2、创建相关账户[root@CentOS_LNMP src]# useradd -M -s /sbin/nologin php-fpm
3、配置编译参数
[root@CentOS_LNMP src]# cd php-5.3.27
[root@CentOS_LNMP php-5.3.27]# ./configure \
--prefix=/usr/local/php \
--with-config-file-path=/usr/local/php/etc \
--enable-fpm \
--with-fpm-user=php-fpm \
--with-fpm-group=php-fpm \
--with-mysql=/usr/local/mysql \
--with-mysql-sock=/tmp/mysql.sock \
--with-libxml-dir \
--with-gd \
--with-jpeg-dir \
--with-png-dir \
--with-freetype-dir \
--with-iconv-dir \
--with-zlib-dir \
--with-mcrypt \
--enable-soap \
--enable-gd-native-ttf \
--enable-ftp \
--enable-mbstring \
--enable-exif \
--enable-zend-multibyte \
--disable-ipv6 \
--with-pear \
--with-curl \
--with-openssl
4、编译安装

[root@CentOS_LNMP mysql]# make && make install
5、修改配置文件
[root@CentOS_LNMP php-5.3.27]# cp php.ini-production /usr/local/php/etc/php.ini
[root@CentOS_LNMP php-5.3.27]# vim /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf
[global]
pid = /usr/local/php/var/run/php-fpm.pid
error_log = /usr/local/php/var/log/php-fpm.log
[www]
listen = /tmp/php-fcgi.sock
user = php-fpm
group = php-fpm
pm = dynamic
pm.max_children = 50
pm.start_servers = 20
pm.min_spare_servers = 5
pm.max_spare_servers = 35
pm.max_requests = 500
rlimit_files = 1024
保存配置文件后，检验配置是否正确：
[root@CentOS_LNMP php-5.3.27]# /usr/local/php/sbin/php-fpm -t
如果出现诸如 “test is successful” 字样，说明配置没有问题。
6、启动php-fpm
[root@CentOS_LNMP php-5.3.27]# cp /usr/local/src/php-5.3.27/sapi/fpm/init.d.php-fpm /etc/init.d/php-fpm
[root@CentOS_LNMP php-5.3.27]# chmod 755 /etc/init.d/php-fpm
[root@CentOS_LNMP php-5.3.27]# service php-fpm start
如果想让它开机启动，执行：
chkconfig php-fpm on
检测是否启动：
ps aux |grep php-fpm
看看是不是有很多个进程（大概20多个）
三、安装nginx
1、解压nginx
[root@CentOS_LNMP src]# tar -zxvf nginx-1.4.4.tar.gz
2、配置编译参数
[root@CentOS_LNMP src]# cd nginx-1.4.4
[root@CentOS_LNMP nginx-1.4.4]# ./configure \
--prefix=/usr/local/nginx \
--with-http_realip_module \
--with-http_sub_module \
--with-http_gzip_static_module \
--with-http_stub_status_module \
--with-pcre
4、编译nginx
[root@CentOS_LNMP nginx-1.4.4]# make
4、安装nginx
[root@CentOS_LNMP nginx-1.4.4]# make install
5、编写nginx启动脚本，并加入系统服务

[root@CentOS_LNMP nginx-1.4.4]# vim /etc/init.d/nginx //写入如下内容
#!/bin/bash
# chkconfig: - 30 21
# description: http service.
# Source Function Library
. /etc/init.d/functions
# Nginx Settings

NGINX_SBIN="/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx"
NGINX_CONF="/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf"
NGINX_PID="/usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid"
RETVAL=0
prog="Nginx"

start() {
echo -n $"Starting $prog: "
mkdir -p /dev/shm/nginx_temp
daemon $NGINX_SBIN -c $NGINX_CONF
RETVAL=$?
echo
return $RETVAL
}

stop() {
echo -n $"Stopping $prog: "
killproc -p $NGINX_PID $NGINX_SBIN -TERM
rm -rf /dev/shm/nginx_temp
RETVAL=$?
echo
return $RETVAL
}

reload(){
echo -n $"Reloading $prog: "
killproc -p $NGINX_PID $NGINX_SBIN -HUP
RETVAL=$?
echo
return $RETVAL
}

restart(){
stop
start
}

configtest(){
$NGINX_SBIN -c $NGINX_CONF -t
return 0
}

case "$1" in
start)
start
;;
stop)
stop
;;
reload)
reload
;;
restart)
restart
;;
configtest)
configtest
;;
*)
echo $"Usage: $0 {start|stop|reload|restart|configtest}"
RETVAL=1
esac

exit $RETVAL
保存后，更改权限:

[root@CentOS_LNMP nginx-1.4.4]# chmod 755 /etc/init.d/nginx
[root@CentOS_LNMP nginx-1.4.4]# chkconfig --add nginx
如果想开机启动，请执行:

[root@CentOS_LNMP nginx-1.4.4]# chkconfig nginx on

6、更改nginx配置
更改nginx配置
首先把原来的配置文件清空:

> /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
“>” 这个符号为重定向的意思，单独用它，可以把一个文本文档快速清空。

vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
写入如下内容:

user nobody nobody;
worker_processes 2;
error_log /usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx_error.log crit;
pid /usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid;
worker_rlimit_nofile 51200;

events
{
use epoll;
worker_connections 6000;
}

http
{
include mime.types;
default_type application/octet-stream;
server_names_hash_bucket_size 3526;
server_names_hash_max_size 4096;
log_format combined_realip '$remote_addr $http_x_forwarded_for [$time_local]'
'$host "$request_uri" $status'
'"$http_referer" "$http_user_agent"';
sendfile on;
tcp_nopush on;
keepalive_timeout 30;
client_header_timeout 3m;
client_body_timeout 3m;
send_timeout 3m;
connection_pool_size 256;
client_header_buffer_size 1k;
large_client_header_buffers 8 4k;
request_pool_size 4k;
output_buffers 4 32k;
postpone_output 1460;
client_max_body_size 10m;
client_body_buffer_size 256k;
client_body_temp_path /usr/local/nginx/client_body_temp;
proxy_temp_path /usr/local/nginx/proxy_temp;
fastcgi_temp_path /usr/local/nginx/fastcgi_temp;
fastcgi_intercept_errors on;
tcp_nodelay on;
gzip on;
gzip_min_length 1k;
gzip_buffers 4 8k;
gzip_comp_level 5;
gzip_http_version 1.1;
gzip_types text/plain application/x-javascript text/css text/htm application/xml;

server
{
listen 80;
server_name localhost;
index index.html index.htm index.php;
root /usr/local/nginx/html;

location ~ \.php$ {
include fastcgi_params;
fastcgi_pass unix:/tmp/php-fcgi.sock;
fastcgi_index index.php;
fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /usr/local/nginx/html$fastcgi_script_name;
}

}

}
保存配置后，先检验一下配置文件是否有错误存在:

/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -t
如果显示内容如下，则配置正确，否则需要根据错误提示修改配置文件:

nginx: the configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf syntax is ok
nginx: configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf test is successful
启动nginx:

service nginx start
如果不能启动，请查看 “/usr/local/nginx/logs/error.log” 文件，检查nginx是否启动:

ps aux |grep nginx
看是否有进程。

测试是否解析php文件

创建测试文件:

vim /usr/local/nginx/html/1.php
内容如下:

<?php
echo "测试php是否解析";
?>
测试:

[root@localhost nginx]# curl localhost/1.php
测试php是否解析
说明php解析正确。

或者我们创建文件：
vim /usr/local/nginx/html/info.php
内容如下:
<?php
phpinfo();
?>
我们在网页上输入ip/info.php