centos 6.4x64安装部署nagios

本文参考了/article/6936826.html http://linuxnote.blog.51cto.com/9876511/1637773 一、nagios概述

Nagios是插件式的结构，它本身没有任何监控功能，所有的监控都是通过插件进行的，因此其是高度模块化和富于弹性的。Nagios监控的对象可分为两类：主机和服务。主机通常指的是物理主机，如服务器、路由器、工作站和打印机等，这里的主机也可以是虚拟设备，如xen虚拟出的Linux系统；而服务通常指某个特定的功能，如提供http服务的httpd进程等。而为了管理上的方便，主机和服务还可以分别被规划为主机组和服务组等。
Nagios不监控任何具体数值指标(如操作系统上的进程个数)，它仅用四种抽象属性对被监控对象的状态进行描述：OK、WARNING, CRITICAL和UNKNOWN。于是，管理员只需要对某种被监控对象的WARNING和CRITICAL状态的阈值进行关注和定义即可。Nagios通过将WARTING和CRTICAL的阈值传递给插件，并由插件负责某具体对象的监控及结果分析，其输出信息为状态信息(OK,WARNING,CRITICAL或UNKOWN)以及一些附加的详细说明信息。

二、环境
系统：centos 6.4x64最小化安装

nagios-server: 192.168.3.71

nagios-client: 192.168.3.72

三、安装nagios
Nagios通常由一个主程序(Nagios)、一个插件程序(Nagios-plugins)和四个可选的ADDON(NRPE、NSCA、NSClient++和NDOUtils)组成。Nagios的监控工作都是通过插件实现的，因此，Nagios和Nagios-plugins是服务器端工作所必须的组件。而四个ADDON中，NRPE用来在监控的远程Linux/Unix主机上执行脚本插件以实现对这些主机资源的监控；NSCA用来让被监控的远程Linux/Unix主机主动将监控信息发送给Nagios服务器(这在冗余监控模式中特别要用到)；NSClient++是用来监控Windows主机时安装在Windows主机上的组件；而NDOUtils则用来将Nagios的配置信息和各event产生的数据存入数据库，以实现这些数据的快速检索和处理。这四个ADDON(附件)中，NRPE和NSClient++工作于客户端，NDOUtils工作于服务器端，而NSCA则需要同时安装在服务器端和客户端。
目前，Nagios只能安装在Linux系统主机上，其编译需要用到gcc。同时，如果打算使用web界面的管理工具的话，还需要有apache服务器和GD图形库的支持

安装nagios依赖关系

[root@nagios-server ~]# yum -y install httpd gcc glibc glibc-common gd gd-devel php php-mysql mysql mysql-devel mysql-server ntp

同步时间

[root@nagios-server ~]# ntpdate asia.pool.ntp.org
25 May 10:45:35 ntpdate[22419]: step time server 118.67.201.10 offset 140.952903 sec
[root@nagios-server ~]# hwclock -w
[root@nagios-server ~]# crontab -l
MAILTO=""
*/10 * * * * /usr/sbin/ntpdate asia.pool.ntp.org

添加nagios运行需要的用户和组

[root@nagios-server ~]# groupadd  nagcmd
[root@nagios-server ~]# useradd -G nagcmd nagios

把apache添加到

[root@nagios-server ~]# usermod -a -G nagcmd apache

下载nagios，并安装

[root@nagios-server ~]# wget http://sourceforge.net/projects/nagios/files/nagios-3.x/nagios-3.3.1/nagios-3.3.1.tar.gz/download [root@nagios-server ~]# tar xf nagios-3.3.1.tar.gz
[root@nagios-server ~]# cd nagios
[root@nagios-server nagios]# ./configure --with-command-group=nagcmd --enable-event-broker
[root@nagios-server nagios]# make all                   #安装所有主程序
[root@nagios-server nagios]# make install               #安装主程序，CHI和HTML文件
[root@nagios-server nagios]# make install-init          #安装启动脚本
[root@nagios-server nagios]# make install-commandmode   #配置目录权限
[root@nagios-server nagios]# make install-config        #安装示例文件
[root@nagios-server nagios]# make install-webconf       #安装nagios的web站点配置文件

为nagios配置告警信息的邮件地址

#编辑文件前，先备份
[root@nagios-server nagios]# cp /usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/contacts.cfg /usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/contacts.cfg.$(date +%F).bak

#邮箱地址修改成自己要设置的地址
[root@nagios-server nagios]# sed -i 's#nagios@localhost#lyao@weyee.com#' /usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/contacts.cfg
[root@nagios-server nagios]# grep lyao@weyee.com  /usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/contacts.cfg
email                           lyao@weyee.com	; <<***** CHANGE THIS TO YOUR EMAIL ADDRESS ******

创建一个登陆验证的用户和密码

#这里设置密码weyee2014
[root@nagios-server nagios]# htpasswd -c /usr/local/nagios/etc/htpasswd.users nagiosadmin

关闭iptables和启动httpd

[root@nagios-server nagios]# service iptables stop
[root@nagios-server nagios]# service httpd start

安装nagios-plugins

#下载nagios-plugins
[root@nagios-server ~]# wget http://nagios-plugins.org/download/nagios-plugins-2.0.3.tar.gz [root@nagios-server ~]# tar xf nagios-plugins-2.0.3.tar.gz
[root@nagios-server ~]# cd nagios-plugins-2.0.3
[root@nagios-server nagios-plugins-2.0.3]# ./configure --with-nagios-user=nagios --with-nagios-group=nagios
[root@nagios-server nagios-plugins-2.0.3]# make && make install

配置nagios启动级别

#将nagios添加到开机自启动
[root@nagios-server ~]# chkconfig --add nagios
[root@nagios-server ~]# chkconfig nagios on

#检查配置文件
[root@nagios-server ~]# /usr/local/nagios/bin/nagios -v /usr/local/nagios/etc/nagios.cfg
[root@nagios-server ~]# service nagios start
Starting nagios: done.
[root@nagios-server ~]# ps aux |grep nagios
nagios   45840  0.0  0.1  28048  1396 ?        Ssl  11:25   0:00 /usr/local/nagios/bin/nagios -d /usr/local/nagios/etc/nagios.cfg
root     45852  0.0  0.0 103248   832 pts/0    S+   11:25   0:00 grep nagios

访问http://192.168.3.71/nagios，用户名和密码是上文中设置的nagiosadmin:weyee2014



四、安装NRPE
NRPE需要nagios-pluin的支持

[root@nagios-server ~]# wget http://sourceforge.net/projects/nagios/files/nrpe-2.x/nrpe-2.15/nrpe-2.15.tar.gz/download [root@nagios-server ~]# tar xf nrpe-2.15.tar.gz
[root@nagios-server ~]# cd nrpe-2.15
[root@nagios-server nrpe-2.15]# ./configure --with-nrpe-user=nagios --with-nrpe-group=nagios --with-nagios-user=nagios --with-nagios-group=nagios --enable-command-args --enable-ssl
[root@nagios-server nrpe-2.15]# make all
[root@nagios-server nrpe-2.15]# make install-plugin
[root@nagios-server nrpe-2.15]# make install-daemon
[root@nagios-server nrpe-2.15]# make install-daemon-config

配置NRPE

#编辑NRPE的配置文件
[root@nagios-server ~]# egrep -v "^$|^#" /usr/local/nagios/etc/nrpe.cfg
log_facility=daemon
pid_file=/var/run/nrpe.pid
server_port=5666
server_address=192.168.3.71        #修改这里
nrpe_user=nagios
nrpe_group=nagios
allowed_hosts=192.168.3.0/24       #修改这里

dont_blame_nrpe=0
allow_bash_command_substitution=0
debug=0
command_timeout=60
connection_timeout=300
command[check_users]=/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_users -w 5 -c 10
command[check_load]=/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_load -w 15,10,5 -c 30,25,20
command[check_hda1]=/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_disk -w 20% -c 10% -p /dev/hda1
command[check_zombie_procs]=/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_procs -w 5 -c 10 -s Z
command[check_total_procs]=/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_procs -w 150 -c 200

启动NRPE

[root@nagios-server ~]# /usr/local/nagios/bin/nrpe -c /usr/local/nagios/etc/nrpe.cfg -d
[root@nagios-server ~]# netstat -anpt |grep 5666
tcp        0      0 192.168.3.71:5666           0.0.0.0:*                   LISTEN      48946/nrpe

编写NRPCE的启动脚本，将脚本放到/etc/init.d路径下

[root@nagios-server ~]# cat /etc/init.d/nrped
#!/bin/bash
# chkconfig: 2345 88 12
# description: NRPE DAEMON

NRPE=/usr/local/nagios/bin/nrpe
NRPECONF=/usr/local/nagios/etc/nrpe.cfg

case "$1" in
start)
echo -n "Starting NRPE daemon..."
$NRPE -c $NRPECONF -d
echo " done."
;;
stop)
echo -n "Stopping NRPE daemon..."
pkill -u nagios nrpe
echo " done."
;;
restart)
$0 stop
sleep 2
$0 start
;;
*)
echo "Usage: $0 start|stop|restart"
;;
esac
exit 0
#赋予脚本权限，并测试
[root@nagios-server ~]# chmod +x /etc/init.d/nrped
[root@nagios-server ~]# chkconfig --add nrped
[root@nagios-server ~]# chkconfig nrped on
[root@nagios-server ~]# service nrped stop
Stopping NRPE daemon... done.
[root@nagios-server ~]# netstat -anpt |grep nrpe
[root@nagios-server ~]# pidof nrpe
#重新启动nrpe
[root@nagios-server ~]# service nrped start
Starting NRPE daemon... done.
[root@nagios-server ~]# netstat -anpt |grep nrpe
tcp        0      0 192.168.3.71:5666           0.0.0.0:*                   LISTEN      49019/nrpe
[root@nagios-server ~]# pidof nrpe
49019
[root@nagios-server ~]# ps aux |grep nrpe |grep -v grep
nagios   49019  0.0  0.1  39240  1312 ?        Ss   11:53   0:00 /usr/local/nagios/bin/nrpe -c /usr/local/nagios/etc/nrpe.cfg -d

五、在客户端安装NRPE
在nagios-client上安装NRPE,需要先安装nagios-plugin

[root@nagios-client ~]# yum install ntpdate gcc*  openssl openssl-devel -y
[root@nagios-client ~]# ntpdate asia.pool.ntp.org
25 May 13:52:18 ntpdate[22302]: step time server 212.26.18.41 offset 2955.354923 sec
[root@nagios-client ~]# hwclock -w
[root@nagios-client ~]# crontab -l
MIALTO=""
*/10 * * * * /usr/sbin/ntpdate asia.pool.ntp.org
[root@nagios-client ~]# useradd -s /sbin/nologin nagios
[root@nagios-client ~]#  wget http://nagios-plugins.org/download/nagios-plugins-2.0.3.tar.gz [root@nagios-client ~]# tar xf nagios-plugins-2.0.3.tar.gz
[root@nagios-client ~]# cd nagios-plugins-2.0.3
[root@nagios-client nagios-plugins-2.0.3]# ./configure --with-nagios-user=nagios --with-nagios-group=nagios
[root@nagios-client nagios-plugins-2.0.3]# make all
[root@nagios-client nagios-plugins-2.0.3]# make install

安装NRPE

[root@nagios-client ~]# wget http://sourceforge.net/projects/nagios/files/nrpe-2.x/nrpe-2.15/nrpe-2.15.tar.gz/download [root@nagios-client nrpe-2.15]# ./configure --with-nrpe-user=nagios --with-nrpe-group=nagios --with-nagios-user=nagios --with-nagios-group=nagios --enable-command-args --enable-ssl
[root@nagios-client nrpe-2.15]# make all
[root@nagios-client nrpe-2.15]# make install-plugin
[root@nagios-client nrpe-2.15]# make install-daemon
[root@nagios-client nrpe-2.15]# make install-daemon-config
#修改配置文件
[root@nagios-client nrpe-2.15]# egrep -v "^#|^$" /usr/local/nagios/etc/nrpe.cfg
log_facility=daemon
pid_file=/var/run/nrpe.pid
server_port=5666
server_address=192.168.3.72            #监控本机哪个IP
nrpe_user=nagios
nrpe_group=nagios
allowed_hosts=192.168.3.71             #允许哪个IP对本机进行监控
#编写nrpe启动脚本
[root@nagios-client ~]# cat /etc/init.d/nrped
#!/bin/bash
# chkconfig: 2345 88 12
# description: NRPE DAEMON

NRPE=/usr/local/nagios/bin/nrpe
NRPECONF=/usr/local/nagios/etc/nrpe.cfg

case "$1" in
start)
echo -n "Starting NRPE daemon..."
$NRPE -c $NRPECONF -d
echo " done."
;;
stop)
echo -n "Stopping NRPE daemon..."
pkill -u nagios nrpe
echo " done."
;;
restart)
$0 stop
sleep 2
$0 start
;;
*)
echo "Usage: $0 start|stop|restart"
;;
esac
exit 0
[root@nagios-client ~]# chmod +x /etc/init.d/nrped
[root@nagios-client ~]# chkconfig --add nrped
[root@nagios-client ~]# chkconfig nrped on
[root@nagios-client ~]# service nrped start
Starting NRPE daemon... done.
[root@nagios-client ~]# netstat -anpt |grep nrpe
tcp        0      0 192.168.3.72:5666           0.0.0.0:*                   LISTEN      46882/nrpe

到此nagios和客户端的安装已完成

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