LVS DR + Keepalived 负载均衡配置详解（测试篇）

一、启动服务

1、在每台RS（真实服务器）上绑定LVS的虚拟IP及抑制ERP

[root@LVS_RS_104 ~]# /etc/rc.d/init.d/lvs_dr.sh start
RealServer Start OK
[root@LVS_DR_103 ~]# /etc/rc.d/init.d/lvs_dr.sh start
RealServer Start OK

2、启动LVS主的Keepalived服务 并查看日志 /var/log/messages

[root@LVS_Master_101 ~]# /etc/rc.d/init.d/keepalived start
正在启动 keepalived：                                      [确定]
[root@LVS_Master_101 ~]# tail -f  /var/log/messages
Jan 22 04:06:28 centos1 Keepalived_healthcheckers: Using MII-BMSR NIC polling thread...
Jan 22 04:06:28 centos1 Keepalived_healthcheckers: Netlink reflector reports IP 192.168.1.101 added
Jan 22 04:06:28 centos1 Keepalived_healthcheckers: Registering Kernel netlink reflector
Jan 22 04:06:28 centos1 Keepalived_healthcheckers: Registering Kernel netlink command channel
Jan 22 04:06:29 centos1 Keepalived_vrrp: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) Transition to MASTER STATE
Jan 22 04:06:30 centos1 Keepalived_vrrp: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) Entering MASTER STATE
Jan 22 04:06:30 centos1 Keepalived_vrrp: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) setting protocol VIPs.
Jan 22 04:06:30 centos1 Keepalived_vrrp: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) Sending gratuitous ARPs on eth0 for 192.168.1.181
Jan 22 04:06:30 centos1 Keepalived_vrrp: Netlink: skipping nl_cmd msg...
Jan 22 04:06:30 centos1 avahi-daemon[1261]: Registering new address record for 192.168.1.181 on eth0.IPv4.

3、启动备的Keeplived服务，并查看日志

[root@LVS_Backup_114 ~]# /etc/rc.d/init.d/keepalived start
正在启动 keepalived：                                      [确定]
[root@LVS_Backup_114 ~]# cat /var/log/messages
Jan 22 04:17:29 test Keepalived: Starting Keepalived v1.1.17 (01/13,2013)
Jan 22 04:17:29 test Keepalived: Starting Healthcheck child process, pid=1528
Jan 22 04:17:29 test Keepalived: Starting VRRP child process, pid=1529
Jan 22 04:17:29 test Keepalived_vrrp: Using MII-BMSR NIC polling thread...
Jan 22 04:17:29 test Keepalived_healthcheckers: Using MII-BMSR NIC polling thread...
Jan 22 04:17:29 test Keepalived_healthcheckers: Netlink reflector reports IP 192.168.1.114 added
Jan 22 04:17:29 test Keepalived_vrrp: Netlink reflector reports IP 192.168.1.114 added
Jan 22 04:17:29 test Keepalived_healthcheckers: Registering Kernel netlink reflector
Jan 22 04:17:29 test Keepalived_healthcheckers: Registering Kernel netlink command channel
Jan 22 04:17:29 test Keepalived_vrrp: Registering Kernel netlink reflector
Jan 22 04:17:29 test Keepalived_vrrp: Registering Kernel netlink command channel
Jan 22 04:17:29 test Keepalived_vrrp: Registering gratutious ARP shared channel
Jan 22 04:17:29 test Keepalived_vrrp: Opening file '/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf'.  #打开Keepalived的主配置文件
Jan 22 04:17:29 test Keepalived_vrrp: Configuration is using : 62711 Bytes
Jan 22 04:17:29 test Keepalived_vrrp: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) Entering BACKUP STATE  #进入备 角色
Jan 22 04:17:29 test Keepalived_vrrp: VRRP sockpool: [ifindex(2), proto(112), fd(10,11)]

4、使用ipvsadm -Ln查看状态

[root@LVS_Master_101 ~]# ipvsadm
IP Virtual Server version 1.2.1 (size=4096)
Prot LocalAddress:Port Scheduler Flags
-> RemoteAddress:Port           Forward Weight ActiveConn InActConn
TCP  192.168.1.181:http rr persistent 50
-> 192.168.1.104:http           Route   1      0          0
-> 192.168.1.103:http           Route   1      0          0

如果输出和上面的一致表明 LVS + Keepalived安装配置成功。接下来测试负载均衡和高可用。

二、测试负载均衡

1、在192.168.1.103和192.168.1.104上分别执行如下命令（在这里放不同的内容是为了方便测试，在生产环境中内容应该是相同的）：

在192.168.1.103上执行下面命令
[root@LVS_RS_104 ~]# echo "The is server 103" >/var/www/html/index.html
在192.168.1.104上执行下面命令
[root@LVS_DR_103 ~]# echo "The is server 104" >/var/www/html/index.html

2、用两个不同的浏览器访问 http://192.168.1.181








我们看到上面两个浏览器访问到的是不同的RS服务器，负载均衡测试完成。

三、测试高可用：

1、关闭主LVS的Keepalived服务，查看备LVS的日志

[root@LVS_Master_101 ~]# /etc/rc.d/init.d/keepalived stop

停止 keepalived： [确定]

[root@LVS_Backup_114 ~]# cat /dev/null >/var/log/messages
[root@LVS_Backup_114 ~]# tail -f /var/log/messages
Jan 22 04:41:09 test Keepalived_vrrp: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) Transition to MASTER STATE  #在没收到主LVS的心跳检测后过度到主
Jan 22 04:41:10 test Keepalived_vrrp: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) Entering MASTER STATE  #进入主的角色
Jan 22 04:41:10 test Keepalived_vrrp: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) setting protocol VIPs. #设置虚VIP协议
Jan 22 04:41:10 test Keepalived_healthcheckers: Netlink reflector reports IP 192.168.1.181 added  #添加192.168.1.181IP地址
Jan 22 04:41:10 test avahi-daemon[1180]: Registering new address record for 192.168.1.181 on eth0.IPv4.  #将192.168.1.181绑定到eth0上
Jan 22 04:41:10 test Keepalived_vrrp: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) Sending gratuitous ARPs on eth0 for 192.168.1.181  #
Jan 22 04:41:10 test Keepalived_vrrp: Netlink: skipping nl_cmd msg...

2、启动主LVS的Keepalived服务，查看备节点的日志

[root@LVS_Master_101 ~]# /etc/rc.d/init.d/keepalived start

正在启动 keepalived： [确定]

查看备的日志如下

[root@LVS_Backup_114 ~]# tail -f /var/log/messages

Jan 22 04:47:42 test Keepalived_vrrp: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) Received higher prio advert

Jan 22 04:47:42 test Keepalived_vrrp: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) Entering BACKUP STATE

Jan 22 04:47:42 test Keepalived_vrrp: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) removing protocol VIPs.

Jan 22 04:47:42 test Keepalived_healthcheckers: Netlink reflector reports IP 192.168.1.181 removed

Jan 22 04:47:42 test avahi-daemon[1180]: Withdrawing address record for 192.168.1.181 on eth0.

Jan 22 04:47:42 test Keepalived_vrrp: Netlink: skipping nl_cmd msg...

在主LVS挂掉以后，备LVS会接替主节点的工作，主LVS起来以后，备LVS会把工作交给主节点