apache+inotify-tools+keepalived+lvs-DR模式配置高可用负载均衡集群

环境：虚拟机VMware workstation 9

操作系统：Redhat 5.6 i386

一、keepalived+LVS-DR模式配置高可用负载均衡
拓扑如下：


二、服务器IP配置信息

四台服务器均有VMware虚拟机实现，两台HA主机、两台web服务器。网络方式都设置为NAT模式
1、master：192.168.80.145
2、slaver：192.168.80.137
3、web1:192.168.80.144
4、web2:192.168.80.134
5、VIP：192.168.80.200
三、安装配置keepalived

1、主辅服务器部署keepalived

yum install gcc gcc-c++ autoconf automake wget openssl-devel kernel-devel  -y
tar -zxf keepalived-1.1.20.tar.gz -C /usr/src
cd /usr/src/keepalived-1.1.20
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/keepalived --sysconf=/etc --with-kernel-dir=/usr/src/kernels/2.6.18-238.el5
make && make install
cp /usr/local/keepalived/sbin/keepalived /usr/sbin
cp /usr/local/keepalived/bin/genhash /usr/sbin/
/etc/init.d/keepalived start
chkconfig keepalived on

注:主要难点解决依赖关系

2、分别设置web服务器1和2

yum install httpd -y
echo "web1/web2 ok!!!">/var/www/html/index.html
echo "check web1 ok!!! /check web2 ok !!!">/var/www/html/check_web1.html
/etc/init.d/httpd start

3、主辅服务器部署ipvsadm

tar -zxf ipvsadm-1.24.tar.gz -C /usr/src
cd /usr/src/ipvsadm-1.24
make && make install

注：安装前检查内核是否支持ipvsadm

cat /boot/config-2.6.18-238.el5 |grep -i ipvs
# IPVS transport protocol load balancing support
# IPVS scheduler
# IPVS application helper

modprobe -l |grep ipvs
/lib/modules/2.6.18-238.el5/kernel/net/ipv4/ipvs/ip_vs.ko
/lib/modules/2.6.18-238.el5/kernel/net/ipv4/ipvs/ip_vs_dh.ko
/lib/modules/2.6.18-238.el5/kernel/net/ipv4/ipvs/ip_vs_ftp.ko
/lib/modules/2.6.18-238.el5/kernel/net/ipv4/ipvs/ip_vs_lblc.ko
/lib/modules/2.6.18-238.el5/kernel/net/ipv4/ipvs/ip_vs_lblcr.ko
/lib/modules/2.6.18-238.el5/kernel/net/ipv4/ipvs/ip_vs_lc.ko
/lib/modules/2.6.18-238.el5/kernel/net/ipv4/ipvs/ip_vs_nq.ko
/lib/modules/2.6.18-238.el5/kernel/net/ipv4/ipvs/ip_vs_rr.ko
/lib/modules/2.6.18-238.el5/kernel/net/ipv4/ipvs/ip_vs_sed.ko
/lib/modules/2.6.18-238.el5/kernel/net/ipv4/ipvs/ip_vs_sh.ko
/lib/modules/2.6.18-238.el5/kernel/net/ipv4/ipvs/ip_vs_wlc.ko
/lib/modules/2.6.18-238.el5/kernel/net/ipv4/ipvs/ip_vs_wrr.ko

4、配置主辅keepalived配置文件

/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf
! Configuration File for keepalived

global_defs {
notification_email {
mds@cdpc.com
}
notification_email_from master@cdpc.com
smtp_server 127.0.0.1
smtp_connect_timeout 30
router_id httpd
}

vrrp_script check_http {
script "/root/bash/check_httpd.sh"
weight -5
interval 1
}

vrrp_instance VI_1 {
state MASTER/BACKUP
interface eth0
virtual_router_id 240
priority 100/98
advert_int 1
#    track_script {
#        check_http
#    }
authentication {
auth_type PASS
auth_pass 3333
}
virtual_ipaddress {
192.168.80.200/24 dev eth0
}
}
virtual_server 192.168.80.200 80 {
delay_loop 6
lb_algo rr
lb_kind DR
nat_mask 255.255.255.0
persistence_timeout 0
protocol TCP

real_server 192.168.80.134 80 {
weight 1
HTTP_GET {
url {
path /check_web1.html
digest 68f36ac34591233a3ca3b5def1bace34
}
connect_timeout 3
nb_get_retry 3
delay_before_retry 3
}
}
real_server 192.168.80.144 80 {
weight 1
HTTP_GET {
url {
path /check_web1.html
digest 68f36ac34591233a3ca3b5def1bace34
}
connect_timeout 3
nb_get_retry 3
delay_before_retry 3
}
}
}

注：（1）、主辅设置优先级
（2）、genhash值的计算、web1、web2的httpd服务开启时才能

（3）、使用的是HTTP_GET检查web服务器的健康状态
（4）、lvs模式设定

（5）、persistence_timeout 设置为0 方便后面测试
5、检查部署情况
master检查ipvsadm 情况

ipvsadm -ln
IP Virtual Server version 1.2.1 (size=4096)
Prot LocalAddress:Port Scheduler Flags
-> RemoteAddress:Port           Forward Weight ActiveConn InActConn
TCP  192.168.80.200:80 rr
-> 192.168.80.144:80            Route   1      0          0
-> 192.168.80.134:80            Route   1      0          0

6、主服务器重启keepalived服务
tail -f /var/log/messages

May 17 00:37:48 master Keepalived: Terminating on signal
May 17 00:37:48 master Keepalived: Stopping Keepalived v1.1.20 (05/16,2014)
May 17 00:37:48 master Keepalived_vrrp: Terminating VRRP child process on signal
May 17 00:37:49 master Keepalived_healthcheckers: Terminating Healthchecker child process on signal
May 17 00:37:49 master Keepalived_vrrp: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) removing protocol VIPs.
May 17 00:37:49 master avahi-daemon[3543]: Withdrawing address record for 192.168.80.200 on eth0.
May 17 00:37:49 master Keepalived: Starting Keepalived v1.1.20 (05/16,2014)
May 17 00:37:49 master Keepalived_healthcheckers: Netlink reflector reports IP 192.168.80.145 added
May 17 00:37:49 master Keepalived_healthcheckers: Registering Kernel netlink reflector
May 17 00:37:49 master Keepalived_healthcheckers: Registering Kernel netlink command channel
May 17 00:37:49 master Keepalived: Starting Healthcheck child process, pid=12821
May 17 00:37:49 master Keepalived: Starting VRRP child process, pid=12822
May 17 00:37:49 master Keepalived_vrrp: Netlink reflector reports IP 192.168.80.145 added
May 17 00:37:49 master Keepalived_vrrp: Registering Kernel netlink reflector
May 17 00:37:49 master Keepalived_vrrp: Registering Kernel netlink command channel
May 17 00:37:49 master Keepalived_vrrp: Registering gratutious ARP shared channel
May 17 00:37:49 master Keepalived_vrrp: Opening file '/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf'.
May 17 00:37:49 master Keepalived_vrrp: Configuration is using : 37747 Bytes
May 17 00:37:49 master Keepalived_vrrp: Using LinkWatch kernel netlink reflector...
May 17 00:37:49 master Keepalived_vrrp: VRRP sockpool: [ifindex(2), proto(112), fd(10,11)]
May 17 00:37:49 master Keepalived_healthcheckers: Opening file '/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf'.
May 17 00:37:49 master Keepalived_healthcheckers: Configuration is using : 14817 Bytes
May 17 00:37:49 master Keepalived_healthcheckers: Using LinkWatch kernel netlink reflector...
May 17 00:37:49 master Keepalived_healthcheckers: Activating healtchecker for service [192.168.80.134:80]
May 17 00:37:49 master Keepalived_healthcheckers: Activating healtchecker for service [192.168.80.144:80]
May 17 00:37:50 master Keepalived_vrrp: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) Transition to MASTER STATE
May 17 00:37:51 master Keepalived_vrrp: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) Entering MASTER STATE
May 17 00:37:51 master Keepalived_vrrp: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) setting protocol VIPs.
May 17 00:37:51 master Keepalived_vrrp: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) Sending gratuitous ARPs on eth0 for 192.168.80.200
May 17 00:37:51 master Keepalived_vrrp: Netlink reflector reports IP 192.168.80.200 added
May 17 00:37:51 master Keepalived_healthcheckers: Netlink reflector reports IP 192.168.80.200 added
May 17 00:37:51 master avahi-daemon[3543]: Registering new address record for 192.168.80.200 on eth0.
May 17 00:37:56 master Keepalived_vrrp: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) Sending gratuitous ARPs on eth0 for 192.168.80.200
May 17 00:38:05 master Keepalived: Terminating on signal
May 17 00:38:05 master Keepalived: Stopping Keepalived v1.1.20 (05/16,2014)
May 17 00:38:05 master Keepalived_vrrp: Terminating VRRP child process on signal
May 17 00:38:05 master Keepalived_healthcheckers: Terminating Healthchecker child process on signal
May 17 00:38:05 master Keepalived_vrrp: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) removing protocol VIPs.
May 17 00:38:05 master avahi-daemon[3543]: Withdrawing address record for 192.168.80.200 on eth0.
May 17 00:38:52 master Keepalived: Starting Keepalived v1.1.20 (05/16,2014)
May 17 00:38:52 master Keepalived_healthcheckers: Netlink reflector reports IP 192.168.80.145 added
May 17 00:38:52 master Keepalived_healthcheckers: Registering Kernel netlink reflector
May 17 00:38:52 master Keepalived_healthcheckers: Registering Kernel netlink command channel
May 17 00:38:52 master Keepalived: Starting Healthcheck child process, pid=12838
May 17 00:38:52 master Keepalived: Starting VRRP child process, pid=12839
May 17 00:38:52 master Keepalived_vrrp: Netlink reflector reports IP 192.168.80.145 added
May 17 00:38:52 master Keepalived_vrrp: Registering Kernel netlink reflector
May 17 00:38:52 master Keepalived_vrrp: Registering Kernel netlink command channel
May 17 00:38:52 master Keepalived_vrrp: Registering gratutious ARP shared channel
May 17 00:38:52 master Keepalived_healthcheckers: Opening file '/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf'.
May 17 00:38:52 master Keepalived_healthcheckers: Configuration is using : 14817 Bytes
May 17 00:38:52 master Keepalived_healthcheckers: Using LinkWatch kernel netlink reflector...
May 17 00:38:52 master Keepalived_healthcheckers: Activating healtchecker for service [192.168.80.134:80]
May 17 00:38:52 master Keepalived_vrrp: Opening file '/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf'.
May 17 00:38:52 master Keepalived_healthcheckers: Activating healtchecker for service [192.168.80.144:80]
May 17 00:38:52 master Keepalived_vrrp: Configuration is using : 37747 Bytes
May 17 00:38:52 master Keepalived_vrrp: Using LinkWatch kernel netlink reflector...
May 17 00:38:52 master Keepalived_vrrp: VRRP sockpool: [ifindex(2), proto(112), fd(10,11)]
May 17 00:38:53 master Keepalived_vrrp: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) Transition to MASTER STATE

7、在web服务器上分别执行以下脚本

#!/bin/bash
#description:start realserver
#chkconfig
VIP1=192.168.80.200
case "$1" in
start)
echo " start LVS of REALServer"
/sbin/ifconfig lo:0 $VIP1 broadcast $VIP1 netmask 255.255.255.255 up
echo "1" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/lo/arp_ignore
echo "2" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/lo/arp_announce
echo "1" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_ignore
echo "2" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_announce
;;
stop)
/sbin/ifconfig lo:0 down
echo "close LVS Directorserver"
echo "0" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/lo/arp_ignore
echo "0" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/lo/arp_announce
echo "0" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_ignore
echo "0" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_announce
;;
*)
echo "Usage: $0 {start|stop}"
exit 1
esac

8、现在重启主辅服务器上的keepalived服务、web服务器上的httpd服务，关闭master的keepalived服务做测试。
keepalived+LVS-DR模式就部署就完成了
9、在web1上部署inotify-tools工具、web2上部署rsync服务，用于当web1网页内容变化时，web2服务器的网页内容的一致性问题
web1上部署inotify-tools

tar -zxf inotify-tools-3.13.tar.gz -C /usr/src
cd /usr/src/inotify-tools-3.13
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/inotify_tools
make && make install
cp /usr/local/inotify_tools/bin/inotifywait /usr/sbin/
cp /usr/local/inotify_tools/bin/inotifywatch /usr/sbin/

chmod 755 inotify-rsync.sh
inotify-rsync.sh
#!/bin/bash
host1=192.168.80.137
src=/var/www/html
dst1=test
user1=root
/usr/local/inotify_tools/bin/inotifywait -mrq --timefmt '%d/%m/%y %H:%M' --format '%T %w%f%e' -e modify,delete,create,attrib  $src \
| while read files
do
/usr/bin/rsync -vzrtopg --delete --progress --password-file=/etc/rsync.passwd $src$user1@$host1::$dst1
echo "${files} was rsynced" >>/tmp/rsync.log 2>&1
done

inotify-rsync.sh  &

web2上部署rsync服务

chmod 600 /etc/rsync.passwd

/etc/rsync.passwd
root:strong

/etc/rsyncd.conf
strict modes = yes
port = 873
pid file = /var/run/rsyncd.pid
lock file = /var/run/rsync.lock
log file = /var/log/rsyncd.log
motd file = /etc/rsyncd.motd
use chroot =
timeout =

[test]
path = /var/www/
comment = rsync files
max connections = 5
uid = root
gid = root
ignore errors
read only = no
write only = no
list = no
hosts allow = *
hosts deny = 10.1.1.1
auth users = root
secrets file = /etc/rsync.passwd

启动rsync服务
chkconfig rsync on
/etc/init.d/xinted restart

10、至此apache+rsync+inotify-tools+keepalived+lvs-DR模式HA负载均衡部署就此结束