MySQL-MGR高可用集群方案——案例
2020-04-07 12:27
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MGR实验任务
基本实验任务：
实验环境
环境介绍：
| 角色 | IP地址 | 主机名 | server_id | MySQL版本 | 操作系统 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| master | 192.168.149.149 | yulong-master | 149 | MySQL 8.0.18 | CentOS7.7 |
| slave | 192.168.149.153 | yulong-slave01 | 153 | MySQL 8.0.18 | CentOS7.7 |
| slave | 192.168.149.154 | yulong-slave02 | 154 | MySQL 8.0.18 | CentOS7.7 |
实验需求
- 配置MGR单主模式
- master主机为主服务器，提供写操作；
- 另外2台为从服务器，提供读操作；
###查看mysql的版本 [root@yulong-master ~]# mysql -V mysql Ver 8.0.19 for Linux on x86_64 (MySQL Community Server - GPL) ###将虚拟机的ip改为静态ip（三个虚拟机） [root@yulong-master ~]# nmcli connection modify ens33 ipv4.addresses 192.168.149.149/24 ipv4.gateway 192.168.149.2 ipv4.dns 192.168.149.2 ipv4.method manual [root@yulong-master ~]# nmcli connection up ens33 连接已成功激活（D-Bus 活动路径：/org/freedesktop/NetworkManager/ActiveConnection/8） [root@yulong-master ~]# ping 8.8.8.8 PING 8.8.8.8 (8.8.8.8) 56(84) bytes of data. 64 bytes from 8.8.8.8: icmp_seq=2 ttl=128 time=76.2 ms 64 bytes from 8.8.8.8: icmp_seq=5 ttl=128 time=93.6 ms 64 bytes from 8.8.8.8: icmp_seq=6 ttl=128 time=75.2 ms ^C --- 8.8.8.8 ping statistics --- 6 packets transmitted, 3 received, 50% packet loss, time 5003ms ##关掉selinux [root@yulong-master ~]# setenforce 0 [root@yulong-master ~]# getenforce Permissive ##修改hosts文件（三个虚拟机） [root@yulong-master ~]# vim /etc/hosts 192.168.149.149 yulong-master 192.168.149.153 yulong-slave01 192.168.149.154 yulong-slave02 ##配置ssh免秘钥登录（三个虚拟机） [root@yulong-master ~]# ssh-keygen [root@yulong-master ~]# vim ssh-copy.sh #!/usr/bin/bash for i in 149 153 154 do ssh-copy-id -i ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub root@192.168.149.$i done [root@yulong-master ~]# chmod 777 ssh-copy.sh [root@yulong-master ~]# ./ssh-copy.sh [root@yulong-master ~]# vim check-ssh.sh #!/usr/bin/bash for i in 149 153 154 do ssh 192.168.149.$i hostname done [root@yulong-master ~]# chmod 777 check-ssh.sh [root@yulong-master ~]# ./check-ssh.sh yulong-master yulong-slave01 yulong-slave02
####修改master的配置文件 ##随机生成一个uuid [root@yulong-master ~]# mysql -uroot -p123456.Com -e 'select uuid()' mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure. +--------------------------------------+ | uuid() | +--------------------------------------+ | d5e927ac-5f5f-11ea-bb5e-000c294276a2 | +--------------------------------------+ （注意：要确保master配置文件中的组复制的名字，master虚拟机，slave01，slave02的uuid都不相同） [root@yulong-master ~]# vim /etc/my.cnf disabled_storage_engines="MyISAM,BLACKHOLE,FEDERATED,ARCHIVE,MEMORY" server_id=149 log_bin=/var/lib/mysql/binlogs/master log_bin_index=/var/lib/mysql/binlogs/master.index gtid_mode=ON enforce_gtid_consistency=ON binlog_checksum=NONE plugin_load_add='group_replication.so' group_replication_group_name="d5e927ac-5f5f-11ea-bb5e-000c294276a2" group_replication_start_on_boot=off group_replication_local_address= "192.168.149.149:33061" group_replication_group_seeds="192.168.149.149:33061,192.168.149.153:33061,192.168.149.154:33061" group_replication_bootstrap_group=off [root@yulong-master ~]# mkdir -p /var/lib/mysql/binlogs/master [root@yulong-master ~]# chmod 777 /var/lib/mysql/binlogs ##防火墙放行33061端口，mysql服务 [root@yulong-master ~]# firewall-cmd --add-port=33061/tcp --permanent success [root@yulong-master ~]# firewall-cmd --add-service=mysql --permanent success [root@yulong-master ~]# firewall-cmd --reload success [root@yulong-master ~]# firewall-cmd --list-all public (active) target: default icmp-block-inversion: no interfaces: ens33 sources: services: dhcpv6-client mysql ntp ssh ports: 80/tcp 8000/tcp 3306/tcp 33061/tcp protocols: masquerade: no forward-ports: source-ports: icmp-blocks: rich rules: ##重启服务 [root@yulong-master ~]# systemctl restart mysqld ####创建用于分布式恢复的复制用户 mysql> set sql_log_bin=0; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) mysql> create user rpl_user@'%' identified with mysql_native_password by 'Com.123456'; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec) ##授权 mysql> grant replication slave on *.* to 'rpl_user'@'%'; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) mysql> grant backup_admin on *.* to 'rpl_user'@'%'; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) mysql> flush privileges; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) mysql> set sql_log_bin=1; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) ##创建用户后 mysql> change master to master_user='rpl_user',master_password='Com.123456' for channel 'group_replication_recovery'; Query OK, 0 rows affected, 2 warnings (0.03 sec) ##查看用户 mysql> select user,host from mysql.user; +------------------+-----------+ | user | host | +------------------+-----------+ | rpl_user | % | | mysql.infoschema | localhost | | mysql.session | localhost | | mysql.sys | localhost | | root | localhost | +------------------+-----------+ 5 rows in set (0.00 sec) ####自举启动组 mysql> set global group_replication_bootstrap_group=on; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) mysql> start group_replication; Query OK, 0 rows affected (3.49 sec) mysql> set global group_replication_bootstrap_group=off; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) ##检查组信息及组成员 mysql> mysql> SELECT * FROM performance_schema.replication_group_members; +---------------------------+--------------------------------------+-----------------+-------------+--------------+-------------+----------------+ | CHANNEL_NAME | MEMBER_ID | MEMBER_HOST | MEMBER_PORT | MEMBER_STATE | MEMBER_ROLE | MEMBER_VERSION | +---------------------------+--------------------------------------+-----------------+-------------+--------------+-------------+----------------+ | group_replication_applier | cd16d921-52ee-11ea-a55e-000c29040228 | yulong-master | 3306 | ONLINE | PRIMARY | 8.0.19 | +---------------------------+--------------------------------------+-----------------+-------------+--------------+-------------+----------------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec)
###测试，创建数据库和表并插入数据 mysql> create database test; Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) mysql> use test; Database changed mysql> create table t1 (c1 int primary key, c2 text not null); Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec) mysql> insert into t1 values(1,'lisi'); Query OK, 1 row affected (0.12 sec) mysql> insert into t1 values(2,'zhangsan'); Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) mysql> insert into t1 values(3,'wangwu'); Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) mysql> select * from t1; +----+----------+ | c1 | c2 | +----+----------+ | 1 | lisi | | 2 | zhangsan | | 3 | wangwu | +----+----------+ 3 rows in set (0.00 sec) ##查看二进制日志 mysql> show master status; +---------------+----------+--------------+------------------+------------------------------------------+ | File | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB | Executed_Gtid_Set | +---------------+----------+--------------+------------------+------------------------------------------+ | master.000001 | 1689 | | | d5e927ac-5f5f-11ea-bb5e-000c294276a2:1-6 | +---------------+----------+--------------+------------------+------------------------------------------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec) mysql> show binlog events in 'master.000001' limit 10; +---------------+-----+----------------+-----------+-------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ | Log_name | Pos | Event_type | Server_id | End_log_pos | Info | +---------------+-----+----------------+-----------+-------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ | master.000001 | 4 | Format_desc | 149 | 124 | Server ver: 8.0.19, Binlog ver: 4 | | master.000001 | 124 | Previous_gtids | 149 | 151 | | | master.000001 | 151 | Gtid | 149 | 233 | SET @@SESSION.GTID_NEXT= 'd5e927ac-5f5f-11ea-bb5e-000c294276a2:1' | | master.000001 | 233 | Query | 149 | 295 | BEGIN | | master.000001 | 295 | View_change | 149 | 394 | view_id=15834743172730389:1 | | master.000001 | 394 | Query | 149 | 462 | COMMIT | | master.000001 | 462 | Gtid | 149 | 542 | SET @@SESSION.GTID_NEXT= 'd5e927ac-5f5f-11ea-bb5e-000c294276a2:2' | | master.000001 | 542 | Query | 149 | 646 | create database test /* xid=32 */ | | master.000001 | 646 | Gtid | 149 | 726 | SET @@SESSION.GTID_NEXT= 'd5e927ac-5f5f-11ea-bb5e-000c294276a2:3' | | master.000001 | 726 | Query | 149 | 864 | use `test`; create table t1 (c1 int primary key, c2 text not null) /* xid=37 */ | +---------------+-----+----------------+-----------+-------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ 10 rows in set (0.00 sec)
#####添加第二台服务器 ##修改slave01的配置文件 （注意：这里slave01里边的UUID要和master上的UUID一样） [root@yulong-slave01 ~]# vim /etc/my.cnf disabled_storage_engines="MyISAM,BLACKHOLE,FEDERATED,ARCHIVE,MEMORY" server_id=153 log_bin=/var/lib/mysql/binlogs/slave01 log_bin_index=/var/lib/mysql/binlogs/slave01.index gtid_mode=ON enforce_gtid_consistency=ON binlog_checksum=NONE plugin_load_add='group_replication.so' transaction_write_set_extraction=XXHASH64 group_replication_group_name="d5e927ac-5f5f-11ea-bb5e-000c294276a2" group_replication_start_on_boot=off group_replication_local_address= "192.168.149.153:33061" group_replication_group_seeds="192.168.149.149:33061,192.168.149.153:33061,192.168.149.154:33061" group_replication_bootstrap_group=off [root@yulong-slave01 ~]# mkdir -p /var/lib/mysql/binlogs/slave01 [root@yulong-slave01 ~]# chmod 777 /var/lib/mysql/binlogs/ [root@yulong-slave01 ~]# firewall-cmd --add-port=33061/tcp --permanent success [root@yulong-slave01 ~]# firewall-cmd --add-service=mysql --permanent success [root@yulong-slave01 ~]# firewall-cmd --reload success ###重启服务 [root@yulong-slave01 ~]# systemctl restart mysqld ##创建复制用户 mysql> set sql_log_bin=0; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) mysql> create user rpl_user@'%' identified with mysql_native_password by 'Com.123456'; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) mysql> GRANT REPLICATION SLAVE ON *.* TO rpl_user@'%'; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) mysql> GRANT BACKUP_ADMIN ON *.* TO rpl_user@'%'; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) mysql> SET SQL_LOG_BIN=1; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) mysql> CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_USER='rpl_user',MASTER_PASSWORD='Com.123456' FOR CHANNEL 'group_replication_recovery'; Query OK, 0 rows affected, 2 warnings (0.01 sec) ##启动复制组，将slave01加入组 mysql> start group_replication; Query OK, 0 rows affected (4.39 sec) mysql> select * from performance_schema.replication_group_members; +---------------------------+--------------------------------------+------------------+-------------+--------------+-------------+----------------+ | CHANNEL_NAME | MEMBER_ID | MEMBER_HOST | MEMBER_PORT | MEMBER_STATE | MEMBER_ROLE | MEMBER_VERSION | +---------------------------+--------------------------------------+------------------+-------------+--------------+-------------+----------------+ | group_replication_applier | 7e81a64b-5f59-11ea-a95c-000c29c95b40 | yulong-slave01 | 3306 | ONLINE | SECONDARY | 8.0.19 | | group_replication_applier | cd16d921-52ee-11ea-a55e-000c29040228 | yulong-master | 3306 | ONLINE | PRIMARY | 8.0.19 | +---------------------------+--------------------------------------+------------------+-------------+--------------+-------------+----------------+ 2 rows in set (0.00 sec) ####查看数据同步结果 mysql> show databases like 'test'; +-----------------+ | Database (test) | +-----------------+ | test | +-----------------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec) mysql> select * from test.t1; +----+----------+ | c1 | c2 | +----+----------+ | 1 | lisi | | 2 | zhangsan | | 3 | wangwu | +----+----------+ 3 rows in set (0.00 sec)
######添加第三台服务器 ##修改slave02的配置文件 （这里的uuid也要和master保持一致） [root@yulong-slave02 ~]# vim /etc/my.cnf disabled_storage_engines="MyISAM,BLACKHOLE,FEDERATED,ARCHIVE,MEMORY" server_id=154 log_bin=/var/lib/mysql/binlogs/slave02 log_bin_index=/var/lib/mysql/binlogs/slave02.index gtid_mode=ON enforce_gtid_consistency=ON binlog_checksum=NONE plugin_load_add='group_replication.so' transaction_write_set_extraction=XXHASH64 group_replication_group_name="d5e927ac-5f5f-11ea-bb5e-000c294276a2" group_replication_start_on_boot=off group_replication_local_address= "192.168.149.154:33061" group_replication_group_seeds="192.168.149.149:33061,192.168.149.153:33061,192.168.149.154:33061" group_replication_bootstrap_group=off [root@yulong-slave02 ~]# mkdir -p /var/lib/mysql/binlogs/slave02 [root@yulong-slave02 ~]# chmod 777 /var/lib/mysql/binlogs [root@yulong-slave02 ~]# firewall-cmd --add-service=mysql --permanent success [root@yulong-slave02 ~]# firewall-cmd --add-port=33061/tcp --permanent success [root@yulong-slave02 ~]# firewall-cmd --reload success [root@yulong-slave02 ~]# firewall-cmd --list-all public (active) target: default icmp-block-inversion: no interfaces: ens33 sources: services: dhcpv6-client mysql ssh ports: 33061/tcp protocols: masquerade: no forward-ports: source-ports: icmp-blocks: rich rules: [root@yulong-slave02 ~]# systemctl restart mysqld
####创建复制用户 mysql> set sql_log_bin=0; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) mysql> create user 'rpl_user'@'%' identified with mysql_native_password by'Com.123456'; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec) mysql> grant replication slave on *.* to 'rpl_user'@'%'; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) mysql> grant backup_admin on *.* to 'rpl_user'@'%'; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) mysql> flush privileges; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) mysql> set sql_log_bin=1; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) mysql> change master to master_user='rpl_user',master_password='Com.123456' for channel 'group_replication_recovery'; Query OK, 0 rows affected, 2 warnings (0.01 sec) ###启动复制组，将slave02加入组 mysql> start group_replication; Query OK, 0 rows affected (4.09 sec) mysql> SELECT * FROM performance_schema.replication_group_members; +---------------------------+--------------------------------------+------------------+-------------+--------------+-------------+----------------+ | CHANNEL_NAME | MEMBER_ID | MEMBER_HOST | MEMBER_PORT | MEMBER_STATE | MEMBER_ROLE | MEMBER_VERSION | +---------------------------+--------------------------------------+------------------+-------------+--------------+-------------+----------------+ | group_replication_applier | 7116a128-5f60-11ea-9dbd-000c29643b80 | yulong-slave02 | 3306 | ONLINE | SECONDARY | 8.0.19 | | group_replication_applier | 7e81a64b-5f59-11ea-a95c-000c29c95b40 | yulong-slave01 | 3306 | ONLINE | SECONDARY | 8.0.19 | | group_replication_applier | cd16d921-52ee-11ea-a55e-000c29040228 | yulong-master | 3306 | ONLINE | PRIMARY | 8.0.19 | +---------------------------+--------------------------------------+------------------+-------------+--------------+-------------+----------------+ 3 rows in set (0.00 sec) ###查看同步结果 mysql> show databases like 'test'; +-----------------+ | Database (test) | +-----------------+ | test | +-----------------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec) mysql> select * from test.t1; +----+----------+ | c1 | c2 | +----+----------+ | 1 | lisi | | 2 | zhangsan | | 3 | wangwu | +----+----------+ 3 rows in set (0.00 sec)
######## 测试 ##停掉master的服务 [root@yulong-master ~]# systemctl stop mysqld ##在slave01上查看组的情况 mysql> mysql> SELECT * FROM performance_schema.replication_group_members; +---------------------------+--------------------------------------+------------------+-------------+--------------+-------------+----------------+ | CHANNEL_NAME | MEMBER_ID | MEMBER_HOST | MEMBER_PORT | MEMBER_STATE | MEMBER_ROLE | MEMBER_VERSION | +---------------------------+--------------------------------------+------------------+-------------+--------------+-------------+----------------+ | group_replication_applier | 7116a128-5f60-11ea-9dbd-000c29643b80 | yulong-slave02 | 3306 | ONLINE | PRIMARY | 8.0.19 | | group_replication_applier | 7e81a64b-5f59-11ea-a95c-000c29c95b40 | yulong-slave01 | 3306 | ONLINE | SECONDARY | 8.0.19 | +---------------------------+--------------------------------------+------------------+-------------+--------------+-------------+----------------+ 2 rows in set (0.00 sec)
高级实验任务
- 按照以上实验环境，配置MGR多主模式
##修改三个虚拟机的配置文件 [root@yulong-master ~]# vim /etc/my.cnf group_replication_single_primary_mode=OFF group_replication_enforce_update_everywhere_checks=ON ##重启服务 [root@yulong-master ~]# systemctl restart mysqld ##启动复制组（任意选择一个即可） mysql> set global group_replication_bootstrap_group=on; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) mysql> start group_replication; Query OK, 0 rows affected (3.21 sec) mysql> set global group_replication_bootstrap_group=off; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) mysql> SELECT * FROM performance_schema.replication_group_members; +---------------------------+--------------------------------------+-----------------+-------------+--------------+-------------+----------------+ | CHANNEL_NAME | MEMBER_ID | MEMBER_HOST | MEMBER_PORT | MEMBER_STATE | MEMBER_ROLE | MEMBER_VERSION | +---------------------------+--------------------------------------+-----------------+-------------+--------------+-------------+----------------+ | group_replication_applier | cd16d921-52ee-11ea-a55e-000c29040228 | yulong-master | 3306 | ONLINE | PRIMARY | 8.0.19 | +---------------------------+--------------------------------------+-----------------+-------------+--------------+-------------+----------------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec) ###将剩下的节点加入复制组 mysql> start group_replication; Query OK, 0 rows affected (4.88 sec) ##查看复制组情况 mysql> SELECT * FROM performance_schema.replication_group_members; +---------------------------+--------------------------------------+------------------+-------------+--------------+-------------+----------------+ | CHANNEL_NAME | MEMBER_ID | MEMBER_HOST | MEMBER_PORT | MEMBER_STATE | MEMBER_ROLE | MEMBER_VERSION | +---------------------------+--------------------------------------+------------------+-------------+--------------+-------------+----------------+ | group_replication_applier | 7116a128-5f60-11ea-9dbd-000c29643b80 | yulong-slave02 | 3306 | ONLINE | PRIMARY | 8.0.19 | | group_replication_applier | 7e81a64b-5f59-11ea-a95c-000c29c95b40 | yulong-slave01 | 3306 | ONLINE | PRIMARY | 8.0.19 | | group_replication_applier | cd16d921-52ee-11ea-a55e-000c29040228 | yulong-master | 3306 | ONLINE | PRIMARY | 8.0.19 | +---------------------------+--------------------------------------+------------------+-------------+--------------+-------------+----------------+ 3 rows in set (0.00 sec)
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