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python实现邮件自动发送

2019-08-10 15:27 1366 查看

本文实例为大家分享了python实现邮件自动发送的具体代码，供大家参考，具体内容如下

case 1：纯文本和HTML文件发送

# -*- coding: UTF-8 -*-

import smtplib
import traceback
from email.mime.text import MIMEText
from email.mime.multipart import MIMEMultipart

def sendmail(subject,msg,toaddrs,fromaddr,smtpaddr,password):
'''
@subject:邮件主题
@msg:邮件内容
@toaddrs:收信人的邮箱地址
@fromaddr:发信人的邮箱地址
@smtpaddr:smtp服务地址，可以在邮箱看，比如163邮箱为smtp.163.com
@password:发信人的邮箱密码
'''

mail_msg = MIMEMultipart()
if not isinstance(subject,unicode): #过滤或者不过滤貌似没啥影响
subject = unicode(subject, 'utf-8')
mail_msg['Subject'] = subject
mail_msg['From'] =fromaddr
mail_msg['To'] = ','.join(toaddrs)
mail_msg.attach(MIMEText(msg, 'plain', 'utf-8')) #f发送文本文件
#mail_msg.attach(MIMEText(msg, 'html', 'utf-8')) #发送html格式邮件
try:
s = smtplib.SMTP()
s.connect(smtpaddr) #连接smtp服务器
s.login(fromaddr,password) #登录邮箱
s.sendmail(fromaddr, toaddrs, mail_msg.as_string()) #发送邮件
s.quit()
print "邮件发送成功！"
except Exception,e:
print "Error: unable to send email"
print traceback.format_exc()

if __name__ == '__main__':
fromaddr = "h******m@126.com"
smtpaddr = "smtp.126.com"
toaddrs = ["83****789@qq.com","h******m@126.com"]
subject = "Hello,我是邮件主题"
password = "不能告诉你"
#msg = "Hello,我是邮件内容 !!!"
msg="""
<p>Python 邮件发送测试...</p>
<p><a href="http://www.runoob.com" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" >这是一个链接</a></p>
"""
sendmail(subject,msg,toaddrs,fromaddr,smtpaddr,password)

case 2.添加附件：发送带附件的邮件，首先要创建MIMEMultipart()实例，然后构造附件，如果有多个附件，可依次构造，最后利用smtplib.smtp发送。

# -*- coding: UTF-8 -*-

# 如何添加附件
import os

import smtplib
import traceback
from email.mime.text import MIMEText
from email.mime.multipart import MIMEMultipart
os.chdir("C:\\Users\\h****m\\Desktop\\Auto_email")

def sendmail(subject,msg,toaddrs,fromaddr,smtpaddr,password):
'''
@subject:邮件主题
@msg:邮件内容
@toaddrs:收信人的邮箱地址
@fromaddr:发信人的邮箱地址
@smtpaddr:smtp服务地址，可以在邮箱看，比如163邮箱为smtp.163.com
@password:发信人的邮箱密码
'''

mail_msg = MIMEMultipart()
if not isinstance(subject,unicode): #过滤或者不过滤貌似没啥影响
subject = unicode(subject, 'utf-8')
mail_msg['Subject'] = subject
mail_msg['From'] =fromaddr
mail_msg['To'] = ','.join(toaddrs)
#mail_msg.attach(MIMEText(msg, 'plain', 'utf-8')) #f发送文本文件
mail_msg.attach(MIMEText(msg, 'html', 'utf-8')) #发送html格式邮件

#构造附件1
att1=MIMEText(open("test_file1.txt",'rb').read(),'base64','utf-8') #注意：直接读取中文文件名会报错
att1["Content-Type"] = 'application/octet-stream'
att1["Content-Disposition"] = 'attachment; filename="test_file1.txt"'
mail_msg.attach(att1)

#构造附件2：添加中文附件名
att2=MIMEText(open(u'测试文件2.docx','rb').read(),'base64','utf-8')
att2["Content-Type"] = 'application/octet-stream'
att2["Content-Disposition"] = 'attachment; filename="test_file2.docx"'
mail_msg.attach(att2)

try:
s = smtplib.SMTP()
s.connect(smtpaddr) #连接smtp服务器
s.login(fromaddr,password) #登录邮箱
s.sendmail(fromaddr, toaddrs, mail_msg.as_string()) #发送邮件
s.quit()
print "邮件发送成功！"
except Exception,e:
print "Error: unable to send email"
print traceback.format_exc()

if __name__ == '__main__':
fromaddr = "h****m@126.com"
smtpaddr = "smtp.126.com"
toaddrs = ["83****789@qq.com","h****m@126.com"]
subject = "Hello,我是邮件主题"
password = "不能告诉你"
#msg = "Hello,我是邮件内容 !!!"
msg="""
<p>Python 邮件发送测试...</p>
<p><a href="http://www.runoob.com" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" >这是一个链接</a></p>
"""
sendmail(subject,msg,toaddrs,fromaddr,smtpaddr,password)

case 3: 发送图片(容易被判别为垃圾邮件，导致：SMTPDataError: (554, 'DT:SPM 126……错误)

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

fromaddr = "h****m@126.com"
smtpaddr = "smtp.126.com"
toaddrs = ["83****789@qq.com","h****m@126.com"]
subject = "Hello,我是邮件主题"
password = "不能告诉你"

#test3
msg = """
<p>Python 邮件发送添加图片测试...</p>
<p><a href="http://www.runoob.com" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" >菜鸟教程链接</a></p>
<p>图片演示：</p>
<p><img src="cid:image1"></p>
"""

import os
import smtplib

from email.mime.text import MIMEText
from email.mime.multipart import MIMEMultipart
from email.mime.image import MIMEImage
os.chdir("C:\\Users\\h****m\\Desktop\\Auto_email")

msgRoot = MIMEMultipart('related')
if not isinstance(subject,unicode): #过滤或者不过滤貌似没啥影响
subject = unicode(subject, 'utf-8')

msgRoot['Subject'] = subject
msgRoot['From'] =fromaddr
msgRoot['To'] = ','.join(toaddrs)

msgAlternative = MIMEMultipart('alternative')
msgRoot.attach(msgAlternative)

msg = """
<p>Python 邮件发送测试...</p>
<p>图片演示：</p>
<p><img src="cid:image1"></p>
"""
msgAlternative.attach(MIMEText(msg, 'html', 'utf-8'))

fp = open('test.PNG', 'rb')
msgImage = MIMEImage(fp.read())
fp.close()

# 定义图片 ID，在 HTML 文本中引用
msgImage.add_header('Content-ID', '<image1>')
msgRoot.attach(msgImage)

s = smtplib.SMTP()
s.connect(smtpaddr) #连接smtp服务器
s.login(fromaddr,password) #登录邮箱
s.sendmail(fromaddr, toaddrs, msgRoot.as_string()) #发送邮件
s.quit()
print "邮件发送成功！"

#邮件发送成功！

对于case3，发送很不稳定，时而发送得出，时而报 SMTPDataError: 554错误，等有空了，看有没有方法弄个稳定的版本。case1,case2在工作中基本够用了。

以上就是本文的全部内容，希望对大家的学习有所帮助

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