mac rails环境搭建 下载的软件整理
需要下载的软件及对应链接
xcode
可在app store直接安装
rubymine
破解1
破解2
sourcetree
安装步骤
iterm
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下面3款软件是工作中会用到的,可选择性下载
有道云
xmind zen
xmind
未破解
axure
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rails 环境搭建
Xcode
是运行在操作系统Mac OS X上的集成开发工具(IDE),由Apple Inc开发。Xcode是开发 macOS 和 iOS 应用程序的最快捷的方式。Xcode 具有统一的用户界面设计,编码、测试、调试都在一个简单的窗口内完成
HomeBrew
Homebrew是一款Mac OS平台下的软件包管理工具,拥有安装、卸载、更新、查看、搜索等很多实用的功能。简单的一条指令,就可以实现包管理,而不用你关心各种依赖和文件路径的情况,十分方便快捷。
RVM
rvm是一个便捷的多版本ruby环境的管理和切换工具
1
安装Xcode 在 apple store中可以下载安装,或者Command Line Tools For Xcode,这个可直接在终端输入命令下载
xcode-select --install
注意:appstore 上若没有,可能由于系统版本问题,需升级
2
安装Homebrew 可在终端(iterm)直接输入
/user/bin/ruby -e "$(curl -fsSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Homebrew/install/master/install)"
brew doctor #目的是为了检测是否有什么地方冲突
想要移除Homebrew
/user/bin/ruby -e "$(curl -fsSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Homebrew/install/master/uninstall)"
3
安装rvm
注意:例如如果安装ruby的版本为2.2.2,那么rvm的版本必须高于2.2.2
curl -sSL https://get.rvm.io | bash -s stable --ruby
在安装过程中出现permission denied
解决方法:修改安装目录的权限
chmod + R 777 chmod -R 777 /Users/xxxusername/
载入rvm环境
source ~/.rvm/scripts/rvm
4
用RVM安装ruby环境
rvm list known #列出已知的ruby版本
rvm install 2.0.0 #选择现有的rvm版本来进行安装 默认使用了安装好的,没有安装
rvm list #查询已经安装的ruby rvm remove 1.9.2 #卸载一个已安装版本
RVM 装好以后,需要执行下面的命令将指定版本的 Ruby 设置为系统默认版本
rvm 2.1.4 --default
ruby安装流程
国内访问这个网址有时候会有问题,网上的一种解决方案是将远替换成淘宝的,替换方式如下:
$ gem source -r https://rubygems.org/ #remove $ gem source -a https://ruby.taobao.org 或者 $ gem source -a https://ruby-china.com
要想验证是否替换成功了,可以执行:
$ gem sources -l
正常的输出结果:
CURRENT SOURCES http://ruby.taobao.org/
到这里就已经把Ruby环境成功的安装到了Mac OS X上,接下来就可以进行相应的开发使用了。
5
安装bundle
gem install bundler
#报错 ERROR: While executing gem ... (Errno::EACCES) Permission denied @ rb_sysopen - /Library/Ruby/Gems/2.3.0/gems/bundler-2.0.1/CHANGELOG.md
#解决方法 gem install -n /usr/local/bin bundle
安装过程中报错
#报错 Gem files will remain installed in /Users/zhangyarong/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.2.2/gems/libv8-3.16.14.17 for inspection. Results logged to /Users/zhangyarong/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.2.2/extensions/x86_64-darwin-18/2.2.0/libv8-3.16.14.17/gem_make.out An error occurred while installing libv8 (3.16.14.17), and Bundler cannot continue. Make sure that `gem install libv8 -v '3.16.14.17' --source 'https://gems.ruby-china.com/'` succeeds before bundling. In Gemfile: therubyracer was resolved to 0.12.3, which depends on libv8
解决方法
#换成自己需要的版本 gem uninstall libv8 gem install therubyracer -v '0.11.3' gem install libv8 -v '3.11.8.13' -- --with-system-v8
6
安装rails
gem install rails
报错 ERROR: While executing gem ... (Gem::FilePermissionError) You don't have write permissions for the /usr/bin directory.
解决方法 sudo gem install -n /usr/local/bin rails
安装mysql
brew install mysql
从码云上拉去代码,需要先配置git
1
ssh-keygen -t rsa -C "1456196232@qq.com" #运行后展示 Generating public/private rsa key pair. Enter file in which to save the key (/Users/zhangyarong/.ssh/id_rsa): Created directory '/Users/zhangyarong/.ssh'. Enter passphrase (empty for no passphrase): Enter same passphrase again: Your identification has been saved in /Users/zhangyarong/.ssh/id_rsa. Your public key has been saved in /Users/zhangyarong/.ssh/id_rsa.pub. The key fingerprint is: SHA256:4rfCJ4jcBFLJm7b6h2Ga5cRB5Toctj8eUTvbC4cfmY8 1456196232@qq.com The key's randomart image is: +---[RSA 2048]----+ | . o. | | =. | | ooo. . | |.o*+ . . | | +=+. + S | | Bo.o * o | | X *+o= B | |+ =.+o+=.* | | .... +E . | +----[SHA256]-----+
2
#查询公钥 zhangyarongdeMacBook-Pro:~ zhangyarong$ vi /Users/zhangyarong/.ssh/id_rsa.pub
3
从git上复制ssh ,然后在sourcetree中 新建 从URl克隆 即可拉下代码
需在config文件下增加一个数据库文件database.yml文件
7
在rubymine中 启动时出错
rails s
1)
mysql2版本问题
解决方法
bundle update --source mysql2
2)
therubyracer版本问题
bundle update therubyracer
可能会再次遇到mysql版本问题
就在次运行1的代码
8
执行bundle install时报错
Building native extensions. This could take a while... ERROR: Error installing libv8: ERROR: Failed to build gem native extension. current directory: /Users/zhangyarong/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.2.2/gems/libv8-3.16.14.17/ext/libv8 /Users/zhangyarong/.rvm/rubies/ruby-2.2.2/bin/ruby -I /Users/zhangyarong/.rvm/rubies/ruby-2.2.2/lib/ruby/site_ruby/2.2.0 -r ./siteconf20190530-75806-cy8diz.rb extconf.rb creating Makefile Applying /Users/zhangyarong/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.2.2/gems/libv8-3.16.14.17/patches/fPIC-for-static.patch Applying /Users/zhangyarong/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.2.2/gems/libv8-3.16.14.17/patches/do-not-imply-vfp3-and-armv7.patch Applying /Users/zhangyarong/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.2.2/gems/libv8-3.16.14.17/patches/disable-building-tests.patch Applying /Users/zhangyarong/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.2.2/gems/libv8-3.16.14.17/patches/disable-werror-on-osx.patch Applying /Users/zhangyarong/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.2.2/gems/libv8-3.16.14.17/patches/do-not-use-vfp2.patch Compiling v8 for x64 Using python 2.7.10 Using compiler: c++ (Apple LLVM version 10.0.1) Unable to find a compiler officially supported by v8. It is recommended to use GCC v4.4 or higher Beginning compilation. This will take some time. Building v8 with env CXX=c++ LINK=c++ /usr/bin/make x64.release ARFLAGS.target=crs werror=no GYP_GENERATORS=make \ build/gyp/gyp --generator-output="out" build/all.gyp \ -Ibuild/standalone.gypi --depth=. \ -Dv8_target_arch=x64 \ -S.x64 -Dv8_enable_backtrace=1 -Dv8_can_use_vfp2_instructions=true -Darm_fpu=vfpv2 -Dv8_can_use_vfp3_instructions=true -Darm_fpu=vfpv3 -Dwerror='' CXX(target) /Users/zhangyarong/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.2.2/gems/libv8-3.16.14.17/vendor/v8/out/x64.release/obj.target/preparser_lib/src/allocation.o warning: include path for stdlibc++ headers not found; pass '-stdlib=libc++' on the command line to use the libc++ standard library instead [-Wstdlibcxx-not-found] In file included from ../src/allocation.cc:33: ../src/utils.h:33:10: fatal error: 'climits' file not found #include <climits> ^~~~~~~~~ 1 warning and 1 error generated. make[1]: *** [/Users/zhangyarong/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.2.2/gems/libv8-3.16.14.17/vendor/v8/out/x64.release/obj.target/preparser_lib/src/allocation.o] Error 1 make: *** [x64.release] Error 2 /Users/zhangyarong/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.2.2/gems/libv8-3.16.14.17/ext/libv8/location.rb:36:in `block in verify_installation!': libv8 did not install properly, expected binary v8 archive '/Users/zhangyarong/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.2.2/gems/libv8-3.16.14.17/vendor/v8/out/x64.release/obj.target/tools/gyp/libv8_base.a'to exist, but it was not found (Libv8::Location::Vendor::ArchiveNotFound) from /Users/zhangyarong/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.2.2/gems/libv8-3.16.14.17/ext/libv8/location.rb:35:in `each' from /Users/zhangyarong/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.2.2/gems/libv8-3.16.14.17/ext/libv8/location.rb:35:in `verify_installation!' from /Users/zhangyarong/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.2.2/gems/libv8-3.16.14.17/ext/libv8/location.rb:26:in `install!' from extconf.rb:7:in `<main>' extconf failed, exit code 1 Gem files will remain installed in /Users/zhangyarong/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.2.2/gems/libv8-3.16.14.17 for inspection. Results logged to /Users/zhangyarong/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.2.2/extensions/x86_64-darwin-18/2.2.0/libv8-3.16.14.17/gem_make.out
# 解决方法 gem install libv8 -v '3.11.8.17' -- --with-system-v8
gcc 安装
9
- 创建文件database.yml
- 修改database.yml
default: &default adapter: mysql2 encoding: utf8 pool: 5 username: root password: socket: /tmp/mysql.sock development: <<: *default database: YBH-mall_development test: <<: *default database: YBH-mall_test production: <<: *default database: YBH-mall_development username: root password:
- rake db:create
- rails db:migrate
- mysql.server start / mysql.server stop
- rails s
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