Linux企业运维篇——SaltStack的部署和配置keepalived高可用集群

一.SaltStack简介

SaltStack是基于Python开发的一套C/S架构配置管理工具（服务器端称作Master，客户端称作Minion），它的底层使用ZeroMQ消息队列pub/sub方式通信，使用SSL证书签发的方式进行认证管理。号称世界上最快的消息队列ZeroMQ使得SaltStack能快速在成千上万台机器上进行各种操作。

主要功能：
Saltstack最主要的两个功能是:配置管理与远程执行
Saltstack不只是一个配置管理工具,还是一个云计算与数据中心架构编排的利器
Saltstack已经支持Docker相关模块
在友好地支持各大云平台之后,配合Saltstack的Mine实时发现功能可以实现各种云平台业务的自动扩展

二.SaltStack安装部署

获得安装包并解压

[root@server1 2018]# ls
libsodium-1.0.16-1.el7.x86_64.rpm        PyYAML-3.11-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
openpgm-5.2.122-2.el7.x86_64.rpm         repodata
python2-libcloud-2.0.0-2.el7.noarch.rpm  salt-2018.3.3-1.el7.noarch.rpm
python-cherrypy-5.6.0-2.el7.noarch.rpm   salt-api-2018.3.3-1.el7.noarch.rpm
python-crypto-2.6.1-2.el7.x86_64.rpm     salt-cloud-2018.3.3-1.el7.noarch.rpm
python-futures-3.0.3-1.el7.noarch.rpm    salt-master-2018.3.3-1.el7.noarch.rpm
python-msgpack-0.4.6-1.el7.x86_64.rpm    salt-minion-2018.3.3-1.el7.noarch.rpm
python-psutil-2.2.1-1.el7.x86_64.rpm     salt-ssh-2018.3.3-1.el7.noarch.rpm
python-tornado-4.2.1-1.el7.x86_64.rpm    salt-syndic-2018.3.3-1.el7.noarch.rpm
python-zmq-15.3.0-3.el7.x86_64.rpm       zeromq-4.1.4-7.el7.x86_64.rpm
[root@server1 2018]# yum install -y *,rpm

在server1上编辑配置文件，并开启master和minion

[root@server1 2018]# cd /etc/salt/
[root@server1 salt]# vim minion
master: 172.25.70.1

[root@server1 salt]# systemctl start salt-master
[root@server1 salt]# systemctl start salt-minion
[root@server1 salt]# netstat -antlp
Active Internet connections (servers and established)
Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address           Foreign Address         State       PID/Program name
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:22              0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      643/sshd
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:4505            0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      1182/python
tcp        0      0 127.0.0.1:25            0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      774/master
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:4506            0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      1188/python
tcp        0      0 172.25.70.1:22          172.25.70.250:35090     ESTABLISHED 975/sshd: root@pts/
tcp6       0      0 :::22                   :::*                    LISTEN      643/sshd
tcp6       0      0 ::1:25                  :::*                    LISTEN      774/master

4505端口：用来链接slave，发布订阅
4506端口：请求响应，模式为：zmq（消息队列）

server2也安装上述软件包，编辑配置文件，并开启minion

[root@server2 2018]# ls
libsodium-1.0.16-1.el7.x86_64.rpm        PyYAML-3.11-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
openpgm-5.2.122-2.el7.x86_64.rpm         repodata
python2-libcloud-2.0.0-2.el7.noarch.rpm  salt-2018.3.3-1.el7.noarch.rpm
python-cherrypy-5.6.0-2.el7.noarch.rpm   salt-api-2018.3.3-1.el7.noarch.rpm
python-crypto-2.6.1-2.el7.x86_64.rpm     salt-cloud-2018.3.3-1.el7.noarch.rpm
python-futures-3.0.3-1.el7.noarch.rpm    salt-master-2018.3.3-1.el7.noarch.rpm
python-msgpack-0.4.6-1.el7.x86_64.rpm    salt-minion-2018.3.3-1.el7.noarch.rpm
python-psutil-2.2.1-1.el7.x86_64.rpm     salt-ssh-2018.3.3-1.el7.noarch.rpm
python-tornado-4.2.1-1.el7.x86_64.rpm    salt-syndic-2018.3.3-1.el7.noarch.rpm
python-zmq-15.3.0-3.el7.x86_64.rpm       zeromq-4.1.4-7.el7.x86_64.rpm
[root@server1 2018]# yum install -y *.rpm
[root@server2 2018]# cd /etc/salt/
[root@server2 salt]# vim minion
master: 172.25.70.1

注意：只开启minion

[root@server2 salt]# systemctl start salt-minion

在master添加minion（master和minion交换公钥的过程）

[root@server1 rhel7]# salt-key -L  #查看 minion 列表（这时候 saltstack-minion是红色的）
Accepted Keys:
Denied Keys:
Unaccepted Keys:
server1
server2
Rejected Keys:
[root@server1 rhel7]# salt-key -A  # 添加显示的所有主机
The following keys are going to be accepted:
Unaccepted Keys:
server1
server2
Proceed? [n/Y] Y
Key for minion server1 accepted.
Key for minion server2 accepted.
[root@server1 rhel7]# salt-key -L
Accepted Keys:
server1
server2
Denied Keys:
Unaccepted Keys:
Rejected Keys:

此时查看，已经建立关系

[root@server1 rhel7]# yum install -y lsof
[root@server1 salt]# lsof -i :4505
salt-mast 3707 root   17u  IPv4  32968      0t0  TCP server1:4505->server2:47378 (ESTABLISHED)
salt-mast 3707 root   18u  IPv4  33763      0t0  TCP server1:4505->server1:35648 (ESTABLISHED)

列出树状关系

[root@server2 salt]# yum install -y tree
[root@server1 salt]# ls
cloud         cloud.deploy.d  cloud.profiles.d   master    minion    minion_id  proxy    roster
cloud.conf.d  cloud.maps.d    cloud.providers.d  master.d  minion.d  pki        proxy.d
[root@server1 salt]# cd pki/
[root@server1 pki]# tree .
.
├── master
│   ├── master.pem
│   ├── master.pub
│   ├── minions
│   │   ├── server1
│   │   └── server2
│   ├── minions_autosign
│   ├── minions_denied
│   ├── minions_pre
│   └── minions_rejected
└── minion
├── minion_master.pub
├── minion.pem
└── minion.pub
7 directories, 7 files

分别在master和minion端查看两者的公钥 （公钥一致）

server1:

[root@server1 master]# pwd
/etc/salt/pki/master
[root@server1 master]# ls
master.pem  master.pub  minions  minions_autosign  minions_denied  minions_pre  minions_rejected
[root@server1 master]# md5sum master.pub
fa6ce0736dfd343dbb341153e5538bd5  master.pub

server2:

[root@server2 minion]# pwd
/etc/salt/pki/minion
[root@server2 minion]# ls
minion_master.pub  minion.pem  minion.pub
[root@server2 minion]# md5sum minion_master.pub
fa6ce0736dfd343dbb341153e5538bd5  minion_master.pub
[root@server2 minion]# md5sum minion.pub
20ddc2caa310ba9f48ba46672547e1a2  minion.pub

server1:

[root@server1 master]# ls
master.pem  master.pub  minions  minions_autosign  minions_denied  minions_pre  minions_rejected
[root@server1 master]# cd minions
[root@server1 minions]# ls
server1  server2
[root@server1 minions]# md5sum server2
20ddc2caa310ba9f48ba46672547e1a2  server2

安装python-setproctitle，查看python端口情况

[root@server1 minions]# yum install python-setproctitle -y

[root@server1 minions]# systemctl restart salt-master
[root@server1 minions]# ps ax

简单的测试

[root@server1 minions]# salt '*' test.ping
[root@server1 minions]# salt '*' cmd.run hostname
[root@server1 minions]# salt '*' cmd.run df

三.配置高可用

在server1下建立/srv/salt目录，在此目录下建立keepalived目录，进到目录里边编辑安装keepalived的sls推送文件

[root@server1 ~]# mkdir /srv/salt
[root@server1 ~]# cd /srv/salt/
[root@server1 salt]# mkdir keepalived
[root@server1 salt]# ls
keepalived
[root@server1 salt]# cd keepalived/
[root@server1 keepalived]# mkdir files
[root@server1 saltstack]# cp keepalived-1.4.3.tar.gz /srv/salt/keepalived/files/
[root@server1 saltstack]# cd /srv/salt/keepalived/files/
[root@server1 files]# ls
keepalived-1.4.3.tar.gz
[root@server1 keepalived]# vim install.sls
kp-install:
pkg.installed:
- pkgs:
- keepalived
file.managed:
- name: /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf
- source: salt://keepalived/files/keepalived.conf
- template: jinja
{% if grains['fqdn'] == 'server1' %}         #server1是master
STATE: MASTER
VRID: 51
PRIORITY: 100
{% elif grains['fqdn'] == 'server2' %}      #server2是backup
STATE: BACKUP
VRID: 51
PRIORITY: 50
{% endif %}

service.running:
- name: keepalived
- reload: True
- watch:
- file: kp-install

[root@server1 yum.repos.d]# salt server2 state.sls keepalived.install #此时会报错

编辑 keepalived的脚本，配置文件远程发送到到sevrer1中/srv/salt/keepalived/files

server2：

[root@server2 keepalived]# pwd
/etc/keepalived
[root@server2 keepalived]# scp keepalived.conf server1:/srv/salt/keepalived/files
The authenticity of host 'server1 (172.25.70.1)' can't be established.
ECDSA key fingerprint is 23:30:b9:0b:bd:7e:c3:05:4e:9a:fb:6f:c5:d6:23:c9.
Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes
Warning: Permanently added 'server1,172.25.70.1' (ECDSA) to the list of known hosts.
root@server1's password:
keepalived.conf                                100% 3562     3.5KB/s   00:00
[root@server1 files]# vim keepalived.conf
! Configuration File for keepalived

global_defs {
notification_email {
root@localhost
}
notification_email_from keepalived@localhost
smtp_server 127.0.0.1
smtp_connect_timeout 30
router_id LVS_DEVEL
}

vrrp_instance VI_1 {
state {{ STATE }}
interface eth0
virtual_router_id {{ VRID }}
priority {{ PRIORITY }}
advert_int 1
authentication {
auth_type PASS
auth_pass 1111
}
virtual_ipaddress {
172.25.70.100
}

重新执行

[root@server1 yum.repos.d]# salt server2 state.sls keepalived.install

在/srv/salt下编辑全部节点的推送的top.sls文件

[root@server1 keepalived]# cd /srv/salt/
[root@server1 salt]# ls
keepalived
[root@server1 salt]# vim top.sls
base:
'server1':
- keepalived.install

'server2
1b024
':
- keepalived.install

执行top.sls文件，向所有节点安装以及部署服务

[root@server1 salt]# salt '*' state.highstate

[root@server1 salt]# ip a
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN qlen 1
link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
inet6 ::1/128 scope host
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000
link/ether 52:54:00:f2:25:70 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet 172.25.70.1/24 brd 172.25.70.255 scope global eth0
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
inet 172.25.70.100/32 scope global eth0
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
inet6 fe80::5054:ff:fef2:2570/64 scope link
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

关闭server1的keepalived，查看server2的ip，发现已经飘移了

[root@server1 salt]# systemctl stop keepalived
[root@server2 keepalived]# ip a
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN qlen 1
link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
inet6 ::1/128 scope host
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000
link/ether 52:54:00:61:d6:ce brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet 172.25.70.2/24 brd 172.25.70.255 scope global eth0
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
inet 172.25.70.100/32 scope global eth0
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
inet6 fe80::5054:ff:fe61:d6ce/64 scope link
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever