Python实现随机漫步

随机漫步生成是无规则的，是系统自行选择的结果。根据设定的规则自定生成，上下左右的方位，每次所经过的方向路径。

首先，创建一个RandomWalk()类和fill_walk()函数

random_walk.py

from random import choice

class Randomwalk ():
'''一个生成随机数漫步的类'''

def __init__(self,num_point=5000):
'''初始化随机漫步的属性'''
self.num_point = num_point

#所有随机漫步的开始都是坐标[0,0]
self.x_lab = [0]
self.y_lab = [0]

def fill_walk(self):
'''计算随机漫步的所有点'''

while len(self.x_lab) < self.num_point:
#决定前进方向以及前进的距离
x_direction = choice([1,-1])
x_distance = choice([0,1,2,3,4])
x_step = x_direction * x_distance

y_direction = choice([1,-1])
y_distance = choice([0,1,2,3,4])
y_step = y_direction * y_distance

#拒绝原地不动
if x_step == 0 and y_step == 0:
continue

#计算下一个点X和Y的值
next_x = self.x_lab[-1] + x_step
next_y = self.y_lab[-1] + y_step

self.x_lab.append(next_x)
self.y_lab.append(next_y)

2、绘制随机漫步图

rw_visual.py

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
from random_walk import Randomwalk
from random import choice

rw = Randomwalk()
rw.fill_walk()
plt.scatter(rw.x_lab,rw.y_lab,s=15)
plt.show()

3、生成效果图片

4、修改代码-->隐藏边框

rw_visual.py

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
from random_walk import Randomwalk
from random import choice

while True:
rw = Randomwalk()
rw.fill_walk()

#设置绘画窗口大小
plt.figure(dpi=128,figsize=(10,6))

point_numbers = list(range(rw.num_point))
#突出起点（0,0）和终点
plt.scatter(0,0,c='green',edgecolors='none',s=100)
plt.scatter(rw.x_lab[-1],rw.y_lab[-1],c='red',edgecolors='none',s=100)

#隐藏坐标轴
plt.axes().get_xaxis().set_visible(False)
plt.axes().get_yaxis().set_visible(False)

plt.scatter(rw.x_lab,rw.y_lab,c=point_numbers,cmap=plt.cm.Blues,edgecolors='none',s=15)
plt.show()

keep_running = input("Make another walk?(y/n): ")
keep_running = keep_running.lower()
if keep_running == 'n':
break

5、展示效果