解决Could not open ServletContext resource [/WEB-INF/applicationContext.xml]

问题描述：Struts2和Spring4集成时发生不可描述的错误26-Mar-2018 13:31:09.236 信息 [RMI TCP Connection(5)-127.0.0.1] org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationContext.log No Spring WebApplicationInitializer types detected on classpath
26-Mar-2018 13:31:09.280 信息 [RMI TCP Connection(5)-127.0.0.1] org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationContext.log Initializing Spring root WebApplicationContext
26-Mar-2018 13:31:09.493 严重 [RMI TCP Connection(5)-127.0.0.1] org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.listenerStart Exception sending context initialized event to listener instance of class [org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener]
org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanDefinitionStoreException: IOException parsing XML document from ServletContext resource [/WEB-INF/applicationContext.xml]; nested exception is java.io.FileNotFoundException: Could not open ServletContext resource [/WEB-INF/applicationContext.xml]
at org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.XmlBeanDefinitionReader.loadBeanDefinitions(XmlBeanDefinitionReader.java:344)

解决办法：
By Default ContextLoaderListener tries to read the contextConfigLocation parameter and if it is not present then it try to look for "/WEB-INF/applicationContext.xml".So,ContextLoaderListner works in conjuction with the below configuration. In order to mention the different context under different folder you can use the below configuration within web.xml.

web.xml
指定Spring配置文件所在路径

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_1.xsd" version="3.1">

<!-- 配置Struts2过滤器 -->
<filter>
<filter-name>struts2</filter-name>
<filter-class>
org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.filter.StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter
</filter-class>
</filter>

<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>struts2</filter-name>
<url-pattern>*.action</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>

<!-- 配置Spring4的监听器 -->
<listener>
<listener-class>
org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener
</listener-class>
</listener>

<!-- 指定Spring配置文件所在路径 -->
<context-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>/WEB-INF/spring/applicationContext.xml</param-value>
</context-param>

</web-app>