ElasticSearch53：索引管理_定制自己的dynamic mapping策略

1.定制dynamic策略

true：遇到陌生字段，就进行dynamic mapping

false：遇到陌生字段，就忽略

strict：遇到陌生字段，就报错

例子：

PUT /index0
{
"mappings":{
"my_type":{
"dynamic":"strict",
"properties": {
"title":{"type": "text"},
"address":{
"type": "object",
"dynamic":"true"
}
}
}
}
}

执行成功

{

  "acknowledged": true,

  "shards_acknowledged": true

}

测试加入一个陌生字段

PUT /index0/my_type/1
{
"title":"my title",
"content":"this is content",
"address":{
"province":"zhejiang",
"city":"hangzhou"
}
}

执行结果：提示了mapping设置了strict，my_type中的content不允许dynamic，即不允许动态添加

{
"error": {
"root_cause": [
{
"type": "strict_dynamic_mapping_exception",
"reason": "mapping set to strict, dynamic introduction of [content] within [my_type] is not allowed"
}
],
"type": "strict_dynamic_mapping_exception",
"reason": "mapping set to strict, dynamic introduction of [content] within [my_type] is not allowed"
},
"status": 400
}

例子2：上面的address的type是object，说明是对象类型，该类型的dynamic为true，所以如果address中遇到陌生字段，会进行dynamic mapping

PUT /index0/my_type/1

{

  "title":"my title",

  "address":{

    "province":"zhejiang",

    "city":"hangzhou"

  }

}

执行结果：

{
"_index": "index0",
"_type": "my_type",
"_id": "1",
"_version": 1,
"result": "created",
"_shards": {
"total": 2,
"successful": 1,
"failed": 0
},
"created": true
}

获取数据

GET /index0/my_type/1

{
"_index": "index0",
"_type": "my_type",
"_id": "1",
"_version": 1,
"found": true,
"_source": {
"title": "my title",
"address": {
"province": "zhejiang",
"city": "hangzhou"
}
}
}

如果设置成dynamic:strict，那么就会拒绝添加

3.定制dynamic mapping策略

1）date_detection

默认会按照一定格式识别date，比如yyyy-MM-dd，但是如果某个field先过来一个2017-01-01，就会被自动dynamic mapping成date，后面如果再来一个hello world之类的值，就会报错。可以手动关闭某个type的date_detection,

如果需要，自己手动指定某个field为date类型。

新建的type

PUT /index0

{

  "mappings":{

    "my_type":{

      "date_detection":"false"

    }

  }

}

修改已存在的index中的type

PUT /index0/my_type/_mapping

{

    "date_detection":"false"

}

2）定制自己的dynamic mapping template（type level）

例子：如果index0中的my_type创建了某个字段field匹配到*_en，那么就会匹配下面定义的mapping

            "match_mapping_type":"string",

            "mappings":{

              "type":"string",

              "analyzer":"spanish"

            }

代码：

PUT /index0
{
"mappings": {
"my_type":{
"dynamic_templates":[
{
"en":{
"match":"*_en",
"match_mapping_type":"string",
"mapping":{
"type":"string",
"analyzer":"english"
}
}
}
]
}
}
}

执行成功：

{

  "acknowledged": true,

  "shards_acknowledged": true

}

此时插入两条数据测试

PUT /index0/my_type/1

{

  "title":"this is a new title"

}

PUT /index0/my_type/2

{

  "title_en":"this is a new title"

}

title没有匹配到任何的dynamic模板，默认就是standard，分词器，不会过滤停用词，is进入倒排索引中，用is可以查询到doc1

title_en匹配到了dynamic模板，就是english分词器，会过滤停用词，is这种停用词会被过滤了，用is查询的话，就查询不到

查询1：

GET /index0/my_type/_search

{

  "query": {

    "match": {

      "title": "is"

    }

  }

}

执行结果1：

{
"took": 7,
"timed_out": false,
"_shards": {
"total": 5,
"successful": 5,
"failed": 0
},
"hits": {
"total": 1,
"max_score": 0.2824934,
"hits": [
{
"_index": "index0",
"_type": "my_type",
"_id": "1",
"_score": 0.2824934,
"_source": {
"title": "this is a new title"
}
}
]
}
}

查询2：

GET /index0/my_type/_search

{

  "query": {

    "match": {

      "title_en": "a"

    }

  }

}

执行结果2：

{
"took": 97,
"timed_out": false,
"_shards": {
"total": 5,
"successful": 5,
"failed": 0
},
"hits": {
"total": 0,
"max_score": null,
"hits": []
}
}

3.定制自己的default mapping template（index level）

PUT /index0

{

    "mappings":{

        "_default_":{

            "_all":{"enabled":false}

        },

        "blog":{

            "_all":{"enabled":true}

        }

    }

}