mysql数据库主从同步（交互式）

mysql数据库主从同步交互式配置步骤，本文以一台mysql数据库多实例3306和3307为例进行配置，3306为主库，3307为从库（多台单实例与一台多实例配置是一样的）

一.my.cnf文件配置
1.修改my.cnf配置文件，主数据库3306要打开log-bin，server-id不能一样
[root@mysql ~]# egrep"log-bin|server-id" /data/{3306,3307}/my.cnf/data/3306/my.cnf:log-bin =/data/3306/mysql-bin/data/3306/my.cnf:server-id = 1/data/3307/my.cnf:#log-bin =/data/3307/mysql-bin/data/3307/my.cnf:server-id = 32.重启数据库3306和3307
[root@mysql ~]#/data/3306/mysql stop[root@mysql ~]#/data/3306/mysql start[root@mysql ~]#/data/3307/mysql stop [root@mysql ~]#/data/3307/mysql start3.进入主数据库3306，查询log_bin是否打开，server_id是多少
[root@mysql ~]# mysql -uroot-p123456 -S /data/3306/mysql.sockmysql> show variables like"log_bin";+---------------+-------+| Variable_name | Value |+---------------+-------+| log_bin | ON |+---------------+-------+1 row in set (0.01 sec) mysql> show variables like"server_id";+---------------+-------+| Variable_name | Value |+---------------+-------+| server_id | 1 |+---------------+-------+1 row in set (0.00 sec)4.创建一个专门用来同步数据库的用户
mysql> grant replicationslave on *.* to rep@'10.0.0.%' identified by '123456';###*.*代表所有库和所有表mysql> flush privileges;mysql> select user,hostmysql.user;mysql> show grants forrep@'10.0.0.%';
二.主库3306备份
mysql> flush table with readlock; //锁表，这时为只读，不能写，此时mysql窗口不能退出，退出则锁表会失败，超出默认的锁表时间会自动解锁mysql> show variables like'timeout%'; //查看默认的锁表时间mysql> show master status; //查看binlog位置+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-----------------------------------+| File | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB |+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-----------------------------------+| mysql-bin.000004 | 328| | |+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-----------------------------------+1 row in set (0.00 sec)[root@mysql ~]# mysqldump-uroot -p123456 -S /data/3306/mysql.sock -A -B|gzip >/opt/bak_$(date+%F).sql.gz //从新打开一个CRT窗口，进行备份[root@mysql ~]# ls /optbak_2017-06-28.sql.gzmysql> show master status; //备份数据后，再次查看binlog位置，确认这期间没有新数据写入mysql> unlock tables; //解锁

三.把主库3306备份出来的数据还原到从库3307
1.登陆3307，确认logbin是关闭状态，server id与3306不冲突
[root@mysql ~]# mysql -uroot-p123456 -S /data/3307/mysql.sockmysql> show variables like"log_bin"; +---------------+-------+| Variable_name | Value |+---------------+-------+| log_bin | OFF |+---------------+-------+1 row in set (0.01 sec) mysql> show variables like"server_id";+---------------+-------+| Variable_name | Value |+---------------+-------+| server_id | 3 |+---------------+-------+1 row in set (0.00 sec)2.将3306备份的数据还原到3307上
[root@mysql ~]# cd /opt[root@mysql opt]# lsbak_2017-06-28.sql.gz [root@mysql opt]# gzip -dbak_2017-06-28.sql.gz[root@mysql opt]# lsbak_2017-06-28.sql [root@mysql opt]# mysql -uroot-p123456 -S /data/3307/mysql.sock <bak_2017-06-28.sql3.登陆3307，执行以下命令，连接主库3306
[root@mysql opt]# mysql -uroot-p123456 -S /data/3307/mysql.sockmysql> CHANGE MASTER TO -> MASTER_HOST='10.0.0.20', -> MASTER_PORT=3306, -> MASTER_USER='rep', -> MASTER_PASSWORD='123456', -> MASTER_LOG_FILE='mysql-bin.000004',-> MASTER_LOG_POS=328;mysql> start slave; //从库3307开启主从复制开关mysql> show slave status\G //检查同步状态*************************** 1.row *************************** Slave_IO_State: Waiting formaster to send event Master_Host: 10.0.0.20 Master_User: rep Master_Port: 3306 Connect_Retry: 60 Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000004 Read_Master_Log_Pos: 328 Relay_Log_File: relay-bin.000002 Relay_Log_Pos: 253 Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000004 Slave_IO_Running:Yes //确认这两条是yes状态 Slave_SQL_Running: Yes Replicate_Do_DB: Replicate_Ignore_DB: mysql Replicate_Do_Table: Replicate_Ignore_Table: Replicate_Wild_Do_Table: Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table: Last_Errno: 0 Last_Error: Skip_Counter: 0 Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 328 Relay_Log_Space: 403 Until_Condition: None Until_Log_File: Until_Log_Pos: 0 Master_SSL_Allowed: No Master_SSL_CA_File: Master_SSL_CA_Path: Master_SSL_Cert: Master_SSL_Cipher: Master_SSL_Key: Seconds_Behind_Master: 0 //复制过程中从库比主库延迟的秒数Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert:No Last_IO_Errno: 0 Last_IO_Error: Last_SQL_Errno: 0 Last_SQL_Error: Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids: Master_Server_Id: 11 row in set (0.00 sec)或者这样检查同步状态
[root@mysql ~]# mysql -uroot-p123456 -S /data/3307/mysql.sock -e"show slave status\G"|egrep -i "running|_behind" //-e的作用是不需要登陆mysql交互敲入命令 Slave_IO_Running: Yes Slave_SQL_Running: Yes Seconds_Behind_Master: 0查看线程状态[root@mysql ~]# mysql -uroot -p123456 -S/data/3307/mysql.sock -e "show processlist\G"
[root@mysql ~]# mysql -uroot -p123456 -S/data/3306/mysql.sock -e "show processl
四.测试
在主库3306上创建数据库，然后再登陆3307查看是否正常同步，经测试已正常同步^_^