MySQL 高可用：mysql+Lvs+Keepalived 负载均衡及故障转移

转自

MySQL 高可用：mysql+Lvs+Keepalived 负载均衡及故障转移 - KK ——专注数据 - 博客频道 - CSDN.NET http://blog.csdn.net/kk185800961/article/details/51115264#

系统信息：
mysql主库 192.168.1.152   CentOS 5.6  mysql 5.6.22
mysql从库 192.168.1.153   CentOS 5.6  mysql 5.6.22
VIP         192.168.1.150

mysql 主主同步都设置 auto-increment-offset，auto-increment-increment ，以避免自增列冲突。
参考：MySQL 高可用：主主复制（双主复制）

LVS 下载：
http://www.linuxvirtualserver.org/software/
http://www.linuxvirtualserver.org/software/kernel-2.6/ipvsadm-1.24.tar.gz

Keepalived 下载：
http://www.keepalived.org/software/

http://www.keepalived.org/software/keepalived-1.2.19.tar.gz

yum -y install gcc gcc-c++ gcc-g77 ncurses-devel bison libaio-devel
cmake libnl* libpopt* popt-static openssl-devel

# LVS 安装配置：（yum -y install ipvsadm）

cd /usr/local/src
wget http://www.linuxvirtualserver.org/software/kernel-2.6/ipvsadm-1.24.tar.gz tar zxvf ipvsadm-1.24.tar.gz
cd ipvsadm-1.24
ln -s /usr/src/kernels/2.6.18-402.el5-i686/ /usr/src/linux  #找自己的目录看看/usr/src/kernels
make && make install

# Keepalived 安装配置

cd /usr/local/src
wget http://www.keepalived.org/software/keepalived-1.2.19.tar.gz tar zxvf keepalived-1.2.19.tar.gz
cd keepalived-1.2.19
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/keepalived --disable-fwmark
make && make install

cp /usr/local/keepalived/sbin/keepalived /usr/sbin/
cp /usr/local/keepalived/etc/sysconfig/keepalived /etc/sysconfig/
cp /usr/local/keepalived/etc/rc.d/init.d/keepalived /etc/init.d/

mkdir -p /etc/keepalived/
cp /usr/local/keepalived/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf /etc/keepalived/

#编辑或者新建（主备除两地方，其他一样.备库改为 ：state BACKUP ，priority 50）

vi /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf

! Configuration File for keepalived

global_defs {               #全局标识模块
notification_email {     #定义邮件通知
test@163.com           #目标邮箱
}
notification_email_from test@163.com #发送邮箱
smtp_server 127.0.0.1    #发送邮箱的smtp服务器
smtp_connect_timeout 30  #smtp服务器连接超时时间
router_id LVS_DEVEL
}

vrrp_instance VI_1 {
state MASTER            #本实例启动状态：MASTER/BACKUP
interface eth0          #监控的网络接口
virtual_router_id 51    #vrrp实例（同一个组主备服务器设置一样）
priority 100            #优先级高的为master，不能超过255。（BACKUP可设置为50）
advert_int 1            #均衡器检测间隔1秒（服务器设置都一样）
authentication {        #验证类型及密码（服务器设置都一样）
auth_type PASS      #认证方式，PASS或AH
auth_pass 123456    #认证密码
}
virtual_ipaddress {     #虚拟ip地址virtual_ipaddress,可以定义多个
192.168.1.150
}
}

virtual_server 192.168.1.150 3306 { #定义虚拟服务器，与上面的virtual_server一样
delay_loop 6            #健康检查时间间隔，6秒
lb_algo rr              #负载均衡调度算法：rr|wrr|lc|wlc|sh|dh|lblc
lb_kind NAT             #负载均衡转发规则：NAT|DR|TUN
nat_mask 255.255.255.0
persistence_timeout 50  #回话保持时间50秒，动态服务建议开启
protocol TCP            #转发协议protocol，一般有tcp和udp两种

#后端真实服务器，有几台就设置几个
real_server 192.168.1.152 3306 {
weight 1            #权重越大负载分越大，0表示失效
SSL_GET {           #健康检查方式：HTTP_GET|SSL_GET|TCP_CHECK|SMTP_CHECK|MISC_CHECK
connect_timeout 3
nb_get_retry 3
delay_before_retry 3
}
}
real_server 192.168.1.153 3306 {
weight 1
SSL_GET {
connect_timeout 3
nb_get_retry 3
delay_before_retry 3
}
}
}

#启动 keepalived 服务
/etc/rc.d/init.d/keepalived start

#添加到rc.local自启动中
echo "/etc/rc.d/init.d/keepalived start" >> /etc/rc.local

#152服务器IP
[root@centos152 keepalived]# ip a
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 16436 qdisc noqueue
link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast qlen 1000
link/ether 00:0c:29:3b:c4:a5 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet 192.168.1.152/24 brd 192.168.1.255 scope global eth0
inet 192.168.1.150/32 scope global eth0

#现在在第三台mysql服务器中连接VIP测试

#ping VIP 正常
ping 192.168.1.150

#连接到 VIP 正常
mysql -umysqlproxy -pmysqlproxy -h192.168.1.150 --port3306

#到 mysql 服务器 152 和 153 查看进程，查看用户 mysqlproxy 连接到哪台服务器
mysql> show processlist;

#停止 mysqlproxy 所在的服务器keepalived 服务
/etc/rc.d/init.d/keepalived stop

此时在150 连接的mysql切换到另一台服务器的mysql数据库了。

/etc/rc.d/init.d/keepalived start

末尾有些测试还没有规范，仅供参考。

更多参考：

MySQL 高可用：主主复制（双主复制）

ipvsadm 安装配置

mysql高可用探究(二)Lvs+Keepalived+Mysql单点写入主主同步高可用方案

Lvs+keepalived+mysql 双主

keepalived配置主从备份

Linux下Keepalived 安装与配置

CentOS 5.9下安装配置keepalived

keepalived.conf内容说明