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Python 学习笔记 - 时间模块

2017-04-05 00:00 645 查看
Python里面用来管理时间的模块有2个，分别是time模块和datetime模块，现在看看如何使用

首先看看time模块

例1

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import
time

print
(time.time())
#时间戳，1970年到现在的秒数

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1474347039.991068

例2

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print
(time.ctime())
#当前系统时间字符串格式

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Tue Sep
20
14
:
50
:
39
2016

例3

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print
(time.ctime(time.time()
-
86400
))
#根据时间戳算时间

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Mon Sep
19
14
:
50
:
39
2016

例4

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#显示的是格林威治时间

print
(time.gmtime())

time_obj
=
time.gmtime()

print
(time_obj.tm_year,time_obj.tm_mon)


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time.struct_time(tm_year
=
2016
, tm_mon
=
9
, tm_mday
=
20
, tm_hour
=
4
, tm_min
=
50
, tm_sec
=
39
, tm_wday
=
1
, tm_yday
=
264
, tm_isdst
=
0
)

2016
9

例5

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#显示本地时间

print
(time.localtime())

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time.struct_time(tm_year
=
2016
, tm_mon
=
9
, tm_mday
=
20
, tm_hour
=
14
, tm_min
=
50
, tm_sec
=
39
, tm_wday
=
1
, tm_yday
=
264
, tm_isdst
=
0
)

例6

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#必须传入一个时间对象的参数，把structure time转换成时间戳

print
(time.mktime(time_obj))

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1474311039.0

例7

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#延时多少秒

time.sleep(
4
)

例8

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#把时间对象转成字符串格式

print
(time.strftime(
"%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S"
,time_obj))

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2016
-
09
-
20
04
:
50
:
39

例9

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#把字符串格式转换为时间对象

tm
=
time.strptime(
"2016-05-10 15:04:20"
,
"%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S"
)

print
(tm)

print
(time.mktime(tm))

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time.struct_time(tm_year
=
2016
, tm_mon
=
5
, tm_mday
=
10
, tm_hour
=
15
, tm_min
=
4
, tm_sec
=
20
, tm_wday
=
1
, tm_yday
=
131
, tm_isdst
=
-
1
)

1462856660.0

接下来看看datetime模块

例1

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import
datetime

print
(datetime.date.today())
#输出当前日期

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2016
-
09
-
20

例2

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currenttime
=
datetime.datetime.now()
#输出当前时间，最常用

print
(currenttime)

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2016
-
09
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20
14
:
50
:
44.018886

例3

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#比当前时间加10天

new_date
=
datetime.date.today()
+
datetime.timedelta(days
=
10
)

print
(new_date)

2016
-
09
-
30

例4

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#比当前时间少1个小时

new_date
=
datetime.datetime.now()
+
datetime.timedelta(hours
=
-
1
)

print
(new_date)

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2016
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09
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20
13
:
50
:
44.018923

例5

#直接替换

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print
(currenttime.replace(
2014
,
9
,
12
))

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2014
-
09
-
12
14
:
50
:
44.018886


print
(currenttime.replace(year
=
2015
))

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2015
-
09
-
20
14
:
50
:
44.018886


time_obj
=
currenttime.replace(
2015
)

print
(time_obj,
type
(time_obj))

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2015
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09
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20
14
:
50
:
44.018886
<
class
'datetime.datetime'
>


print
(currenttime>time_obj)

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True

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