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源码分析之LayoutInflater

2017-02-13 19:52 417 查看

源码分析之LayoutInflater

简介

基于5.0的framework源码进行分析,通过这篇文章我们能了解:

LayoutInflater的系统级服务的注册过程

inflate填充的过程

ViewStub,merge,include的加载过程

LayoutInflater系统服务的注册过程

我们经常调用

context.getSystemService(Context.LAYOUT_INFLATE_SERVICE)


获得LayoutInflater对象。那么这个对象是什么时候注册到Context中的呢?这个对象的具体实现类是谁?

LayoutInflater这个服务,是在创建Activity的时候,作为baseContext传递给Activity的。接下来我们看源码过程。

我们知道Activity的创建过程是在ApplicationThreadperformLaunchActivity方法中。那么接下来我们分析这个方法

private Activity performLaunchActivity(ActivityClientRecord r, Intent customIntent) {
/*/
Activity activity = null;
try{
// 通过Instrumentation类创建Activity
java.lang.ClassLoader cl = r.packageInfo.getClassLoader();
activity = mInstrumentation.newActivity(
cl, component.getClassName(), r.intent);

}catch(Exeception e){}
/*/
// 创建Context过程,也就是baseContext
Context appContext = createBaseContextForActivity(r, activity);
// 关联activity和baseContext
activity.attach(appContext, this, getInstrumentation(), r.token,
r.ident, app, r.intent, r.activityInfo, title, r.parent,
r.embeddedID, r.lastNonConfigurationInstances, config,
r.referrer, r.voiceInteractor, window);

}


那么接下来我们只要分析

Context appContext = createBaseContextForActivity(r, activity);


这个方法即可,源码继续

private Context createBaseContextForActivity(ActivityClientRecord r, final Activity activity) {
// 通过调用ContextImpl的静态方法创建baseContext对象
ContextImpl appContext = ContextImpl.createActivityContext(
this, r.packageInfo, r.token, displayId, r.overrideConfig);
appContext.setOuterContext(activity);
return baseContext;
}


接下来分析

ContextImpl.createActivityContext(
this, r.packageInfo, r.token, displayId, r.overrideConfig);
appContext.setOuterContext(activity);


接下来我们分析下ContextImpl这个类,发现其有一个成员变量

// 在这里注册系统级别的服务
// The system service cache for the system services that are cached per-ContextImpl.
final Object[] mServiceCache = SystemServiceRegistry.createServiceCache();


SystemServiceRegistry类有个静态代码块,完成了常用服务的注册,代码如下

static{
// 注册LayoutLAYOUT_INFLATER_SERVICE系统服务,具体实现类是PhoneLayoutInflater
registerService(Context.LAYOUT_INFLATER_SERVICE, LayoutInflater.class,
new CachedServiceFetcher<LayoutInflater>() {
@Override
public LayoutInflater createService(ContextImpl ctx) {
return new PhoneLayoutInflater(ctx.getOuterContext());
}});
// 注册AM
registerService(Context.ACTIVITY_SERVICE, ActivityManager.class,
new CachedServiceFetcher<ActivityManager>() {
@Override
public ActivityManager createService(ContextImpl ctx) {
return new ActivityManager(ctx.getOuterContext(), ctx.mMainThread.getHandler());
}});
// 注册WM
registerService(Context.WINDOW_SERVICE, WindowManager.class,
new CachedServiceFetcher<WindowManager>() {
@Override
public WindowManager createService(ContextImpl ctx) {
return new WindowManagerImpl(ctx);
}});
// 等等
}


接下来我们看inflate过程,下面是整个inflate过程

public View inflate(XmlPullParser parser, @Nullable ViewGroup root, boolean attachToRoot) {
synchronized (mConstructorArgs) {
Trace.traceBegin(Trace.TRACE_TAG_VIEW, "inflate");

final Context inflaterContext = mContext;
final AttributeSet attrs = Xml.asAttributeSet(parser);
Context lastContext = (Context) mConstructorArgs[0];
mConstructorArgs[0] = inflaterContext;
View result = root;

try {
// 循环找到第一个view节点,
int type;
while ((type = parser.next()) != XmlPullParser.START_TAG &&
type != XmlPullParser.END_DOCUMENT) {
// Empty
}
// 这里判断是否是第一个view节点
if (type != XmlPullParser.START_TAG) {
throw new InflateException(parser.getPositionDescription()
+ ": No start tag found!");
}

final String name = parser.getName();
// 解析merge标签
if (TAG_MERGE.equals(name)) {
if (root == null || !attachToRoot) {
throw new InflateException("<merge /> can be used only with a valid "
+ "ViewGroup root and attachToRoot=true");
}
// 通过rInflate方法将merge标签下的孩子直接合并到root上,这样减少一层布局,达到减少viewTree的目的
rInflate(parser, root, inflaterContext, attrs, false);
} else {
// 调用反射创建view对象
final View temp = createViewFromTag(root, name, inflaterContext, attrs);

ViewGroup.LayoutParams params = null;

if (root != null) {
// Create layout params that match root, if supplied
params = root.generateLayoutParams(attrs);
if (!attachToRoot) {
// 如果view的父容器不为null,并且attachToRoot未true得话,这里只是让刚刚通过反射创建的view使用root(父容器的布局参数)
temp.setLayoutParams(params);
}
}

// 通过深度遍历temp下的节点,之后将节点依次添加到刚刚通过反射创建的temp对象上,因为采用的是深度优先遍历算法,因此viewTree的层级很深的话,会影响遍历的性能
rInflateChildren(parser, temp, attrs, true);
// 判断刚刚创建的temp对象是否添加到父节点上.
// 满足两个条件1 父节点(root)不为null,2 attachToRoot=true
if (root != null && attachToRoot) {
root.addView(temp, params);
}

// 设置result
if (root == null || !attachToRoot) {
result = temp;
}
}

} catch (XmlPullParserException e) {
final InflateException ie = new InflateException(e.getMessage(), e);
ie.setStackTrace(EMPTY_STACK_TRACE);
throw ie;
} catch (Exception e) {

} finally {
// Don't retain static reference on context.
mConstructorArgs[0] = lastContext;
mConstructorArgs[1] = null;

Trace.traceEnd(Trace.TRACE_TAG_VIEW);
}
// 返回

return result;
}


}

通过上面分析,我们对inflate的整体过程有了一个了解,也见到了merge标签(经常作为布局文件根节点,来达到减少viewTree的层次)

接下来,我们分析4个方法

rInflate(parser, root, inflaterContext, attrs, false);,其实不管是根节点为merge还是普通的view(最终都会用这个方法),深度遍历添加view

下面是代码

// 深度遍历添加孩子
void rInflate(XmlPullParser parser, View parent, Context context,
AttributeSet attrs, boolean finishInflate) throws XmlPullParserException, IOException {

final int depth = parser.getDepth();
int type;

while (((type = parser.next()) != XmlPullParser.END_TAG ||
parser.getDepth() > depth) && type != XmlPullParser.END_DOCUMENT) {

if (type != XmlPullParser.START_TAG) {
continue;
}

final String name = parser.getName();

if (TAG_REQUEST_FOCUS.equals(name)) {
parseRequestFocus(parser, parent);
} else if (TAG_TAG.equals(name)) {
// 如果我们调用了View.setTag(),将会执行下面代码
parseViewTag(parser, parent, attrs);
// include不能作为根节点
} else if (TAG_INCLUDE.equals(name)) {
if (parser.getDepth() == 0) {
throw new InflateException("<include /> cannot be the root element");
}
// 这里解析include标签代码
parseInclude(parser, context, parent, attrs);
} else if (TAG_MERGE.equals(name)) {
// merge一定是根节点
throw new InflateException("<merge /> must be the root element");
} else {
final View view = createViewFromTag(parent, name, context, attrs);
final ViewGroup viewGroup = (ViewGroup) parent;
final ViewGroup.LayoutParams params = viewGroup.generateLayoutParams(attrs);
// 递归,因为rInflateChildren最终还会调用rInflate(parser, parent, parent.getContext(), attrs, finishInflate);方法
rInflateChildren(parser, view, attrs, true);
viewGroup.addView(view, params);
}
}

if (finishInflate) {
// viewTree填充完毕,回调自定义view经常使用的onFinishInflate方法
parent.onFinishInflate();
}
}


rInflateChildren(parser, view, attrs, true);方法

// 直接调用rInflate()实现ViewTree
final void rInflateChildren(XmlPullParser parser, View parent, AttributeSet attrs,
boolean finishInflate) throws XmlPullParserException, IOException {
rInflate(parser, parent, parent.getContext(), attrs, finishInflate);


}

createViewFromTag(root, name, inflaterContext, attrs);方法,这个方法其实处理了自定义view和系统view的创建。最终调用了下面方法

View createViewFromTag(View parent, String name, Context context, AttributeSet attrs,
boolean ignoreThemeAttr) {
if (name.equals("view")) {
name = attrs.getAttributeValue(null, "class");
}

// 设置view默认样式
if (!ignoreThemeAttr) {
final TypedArray ta = context.obtainStyledAttributes(attrs, ATTRS_THEME);
final int themeResId = ta.getResourceId(0, 0);
if (themeResId != 0) {
context = new ContextThemeWrapper(context, themeResId);
}
ta.recycle();
}

try {
View view;
if (view == null) {
final Object lastContext = mConstructorArgs[0];
mConstructorArgs[0] = context;
try {//创建系统view的方法,因为系统view的标签不是完整类名,需要会在 onCreateView中完成拼接(拼接出系统view的完整类名)
if (-1 == name.indexOf('.')) {
view = onCreateView(parent, name, attrs);
} else {
//自定义view的创建
view = createView(name, null, attrs);
}
} finally {
mConstructorArgs[0] = lastContext;
}
}

return view;
} catch (InflateException e) {
throw e;

} catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
final InflateException ie = new InflateException(attrs.getPositionDescription()
+ ": Error inflating class " + name, e);
ie.setStackTrace(EMPTY_STACK_TRACE);
throw ie;

} catch (Exception e) {
final InflateException ie = new InflateException(attrs.getPositionDescription()
+ ": Error inflating class " + name, e);
ie.setStackTrace(EMPTY_STACK_TRACE);
throw ie;
}
}


接下来我们分析 createView(String name, String prefix, AttributeSet attrs)方法,系统view的创建,最终也会调用createView方法。只不过在前面拼接上了系统view的包名。

public final View createView(String name, String prefix, AttributeSet attrs)
throws ClassNotFoundException, InflateException {
// 获取view的构造方法
Constructor<? extends View> constructor = sConstructorMap.get(name);
// 验证
if (constructor != null && !verifyClassLoader(constructor)) {
constructor = null;
sConstructorMap.remove(name);
}
Class<? extends View> clazz = null;

try {
if (constructor == null) {

clazz = mContext.getClassLoader().loadClass(
prefix != null ? (prefix + name) : name).asSubclass(View.class);

if (mFilter != null && clazz != null) {
boolean allowed = mFilter.onLoadClass(clazz);
if (!allowed) {
failNotAllowed(name, prefix, attrs);
}
}
constructor = clazz.getConstructor(mConstructorSignature);
constructor.setAccessible(true);
// 将view的构造方法缓存起来
sConstructorMap.put(name, constructor);
} else {
/*/
}

Object[] args = mConstructorArgs;
args[1] = attrs;
// 反射创建view对象
final View view = constructor.newInstance(args);
// 对viewStub进行处理
if (view instanceof ViewStub) {
// 给ViewStub设置LayoutInfalter.什么时候inflate,什么时候viewStub的内容才显示,(比GONE性能好)
final ViewStub viewStub = (ViewStub) view;
viewStub.setLayoutInflater(cloneInContext((Context) args[0]));
}
return view;

} catch (NoSuchMethodException e) {

} catch (ClassCastException e) {

} catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {

} catch (Exception e) {

} finally {

}
}


总结

系统服务的填充过程,是在ContextImpl中完成注册的

LayoutInflater的实现类是PhoneLayoutInflater

如果仅仅使用父容器的布局参数,可以使用inflater.inflate(layoutId,parent,false);

onFinishInflate()方法是在viewTree遍历完成之后,调用的

merge标签只能是根节点,include标签不能是根节点。

布局优化

view的inflate的过程是深度遍历,因此应该尽量减少viewTree的层次,可以考虑使用merge标签

如果我们不知道view什么时候填充的时候,可以使用ViewStub标签,什么时候用什么时候填充

include是提升复用的
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