python 实现微信自动回复（自动聊天）

介绍 

微信自动回复其实主要就是登录，接收消息，回复消息三个功能，微信没有提供方便的API，但是可以分析网页版微信通信原理，通过模拟浏览器来实现需要的功能。下面将给出微信网页版通信原理以及Python具体实现代码。

分析

-获取uuid:

GET
https://login.wx.qq.com/jslogin?appid=wx782c26e4c19acffb&redirect_uri=https%3A%2F%2Fwx.qq.com%2Fcgi-                                     bin%2Fmmwebwx-bin%2Fwebwxnewloginpage&fun=new&lang=zh_CN&_=1486743163000
Param     _   (13位时间戳)
Response   window.QRLogin.code = 200; window.QRLogin.uuid = "4YyQFP2Daw==";  

-获取二维码：

GEThttps://login.weixin.qq.com/qrcode/4YyQFP2Daw==
Param
4YyQFP2Daw==  即上面的uuid 
Response二维码图片

-监听是否扫描二维码以及是否确认登录：

GET   https://login.wx.qq.com/cgi-bin/mmwebwx-bin/login?loginicon=true&uuid=4YyQFP2Daw==

Param
uuid 同上

Response

window.code=200;window.redirect_uri="https://wx.qq.com/cgi-bin/mmwebwx-bin/webwxnewloginpage?ticket=ARxD7GSdBYtNHOxhK0BF0ek-
@qrticket_0&uuid=4YyQFP2Daw==&lang=zh_CN&scan=1486743186";

code  =  408 无响应，201 扫描二维码但没有登录（此时响应数据中还包含用户头像图片base64编码的字符串，UserAvatar）  200 登录 
redirect_uri  为接下来需要请求的地址

-获取后续访问所需要的key等

GET https://wx.qq.com/cgi-bin/mmwebwx-bin/webwxnewloginpage?ticket=ARxD7GSdBYtNHOxhK0BF0ek-@qrticket_0&uuid=4YyQFP2Daw==

&lang=zh_CN&scan=1486743186p
Param  URL为上次返回的redirect_uri  参数已经带上了                                                                               

Response  

<error><ret>0</ret><message></message><skey>@crypt_828c27e0_e98d62f6954235194f2b1252943f25ad</skey><wxsid>0zEvAdWKm9ZZgYVn</wxsid><wxuin>1564527827</wxuin><pass_ticket>OLxGHwqL%2BWNArxvXaqjDy06qzdrSojq6DJwiBF19sgw2CibZSJBv1WwOXAfKnLIg</pass_ticket><isgrayscale>1</isgrayscale></error>

-初始化

POST https://wx.qq.com/cgi-bin/mmwebwx-bin/webwxinit?r=-485039295&lang=zh_CN&pass_ticket=OLxGHwqL%2BWNArxvXaqjDy06qzdrSojq6DJwiBF19sgw2CibZSJBv1WwOXAfKnLIg

Param r ( -    +  9位随机数）,pass_ticket,{"BaseRequest": {"Uin": "1564527827", "Skey": "@crypt_828c27e0_e98d62f6954235194f2b1252943f25ad", "DeviceID": "

e924318232435460", "Sid": "0zEvAdWKm9ZZgYVn"}} 第三个参数其中为json数据，DeviceID为（e + 15位随机数）
Response 返回json,包含用户自己的信息，最近联系人，订阅的公众号消息等等；这里只需要关注 UserName=@821c154488cdddbfb04141aa8f681174305d21d67a24cfd6eca3e77a152e52ff  每位用户都有一个UserName，但是每次登陆UserName都是重新分配的,

SyncKey 为一组key ，后面接收消息需要将其作为参数，同时每次接收接收消息时，也会返回一组SyncKey作为在下一次请求的参数，以此类推

-状态检查

这里会建立一个长连接，每次连接大约20秒左右，若新消息，手机端发出退出网页登录指令，或者状态异常会返回特定的状态码
GEThttps://wx.qq.com/cgi-bin/mmwebwx-bin/synccheck?r=1486743215000&skey=@crypt_828c27e0_e98d62f6954235194f2b1252943f25ad&sid=0zEvAdWKm9Z

ZgYVn&uin=1564527827&deviceid=e891796429.95749&synckey=1_660530221%7C2_660530488%7C3_660530485%7C1000_1486721341&_=1486740215000
Param r(时间戳),skey,sid,uin,deviceid,synckey(将SyncKey中的多组key 以 key1_value1|key2_value2 的形式拼接成字符串如：3_660530485|1000_1486721341),_ (时间戳)

Responsewindow.synccheck={retcode:"0",selector:"2"}        retcode=0 正常 ，1101 退出登录，1102 会话异常  ， selector= 0 无变化 2or6 有消息

-接收消息

若状态检查到有新消息，则请求消息
POST https://wx.qq.com/cgi-bin/mmwebwx-bin/webwxsync?sid=0zEvAdWKm9ZZgYVn&skey=@crypt_828c27e0_e98d62f6954235194f2b1252943f25ad&lang=zh_CN&pass_ticket=OLxGHwqL%2BWNArxvXaqjDy06qzdrSojq6DJwiBF19sgw2CibZSJBv1WwOXAfKnLIg
Param  sid,skey,pass_ticket 以及 json数据 {"SyncKey": {"Count": 4, "List": [{"Key": 1, "Val": 660530221}, {"Key": 2, "Val": 660530488}, {"Key": 3, "Val": 660530485}, {"Key": 1000, "Val": 1486721341}]}, "BaseRequest": {"Sid": "0zEvAdWKm9ZZgYVn",
"Skey": "@crypt_828c27e0_e98d62f6954235194f2b1252943f25ad", "DeviceID": "e141257009.76972", "Uin": "1564527827"}, "rr": "-888098293"} 其中rr (- + 9位随机数)
Response 
json数据包含消息的所有信息，其中关注 FromUserName=@821c154488cdddbfb04141aa8f681174305d21d67a24cfd6eca3e77a152e52ff  消息发送者以及 Content 消息内容

-发送消息

POST                                         https://wx.qq.com/cgi-bin/mmwebwx-bin/webwxsendmsg?lang=zh_CN&pass_ticket=0%2BoUqOWdYEen6oDVFEIv5ncIIaJcWs1LeSi69C8tUTgcp36azGAl6a8uT02PiaHu
Param  pass_ticket, json数据{"Msg": {"FromUserName": "@9e718026650771acd6d759922e000fafceaa1a5fda83aea7b3b70bc1bd6c3774", "LocalID": "14867488199507670", "ClientMsgId": "14867488199507670", "ToUserName":
"@9e718026650771acd6d759922e000fafceaa1a5fda83aea7b3b70bc1bd6c3774", "Content": "消息内容", "Type": "1"}, "BaseRequest": {"Sid": "5Qn7rswOtPRHFw92", "Skey": "@crypt_828c27e0_ad386b3d4d68a282eda03d7d5b2d3104", "DeviceID": "e397471984070243", "Uin": "1564527827"},
"Scene": "0"} 其中LocalID,ClientMsgId 为13位时间戳加上5位随机数
Response  返回响应的状态码，发送成功会返回 LocalID 和 ClientMsgID

以上就是我们需要的知道的，当然其他比如读取所有联系人等都是大同小异，这里就不多赘述了。
到这里还有关键的一步，那就是如何根据收到的消息自动回复，当然是接入其他可以聊天的程序了，这里为了方便我使用的是牛人趣事的simsimi聊天机器人的外链，它不需要登录等操作，连request  header 都不用伪造^0^，直接将接受的消息post过去，将返回的消息作为微信回复消息；当然也可以接入更智能的机器人。

-获取自动回复的消息

POST http://www.niurenqushi.com/api/simsimi/
Param    txt (发送的消息)
Response     {"code":100000,"text":"消息"}

代码

运行以下代码，会自动弹出二维码图片，手机扫码登录之后开始运行，手机端发送退出登录指令时结束。
重点在于流程和思路，代码也比较糙，注释也就不加了，多指教^0dfd^

# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
#author:fengw
import urllib,urllib2,cStringIO,re,sys,os,cookielib,ssl,requests,time,json,random,threading,warnings
from PIL import Image
from matplotlib import pyplot as plt
import xml.etree.cElementTree as et

reload(sys)
sys.setdefaultencoding('utf-8')
warnings.filterwarnings("ignore")

def get_device_id():
return 'e'+str(random.random()*10000000000)[0:10]+str(random.random()*100000)[0:5]
def qrcode_img():
response=urllib2.urlopen(QRCODE_KEY_URL).read()
p=re.compile(r'(\d+(\.\d+)?)')
code=p.findall(response)[0][0]
if  code =='200':
p=re.compile(r'\"(.*)\"')
qrcode_key=p.findall(response)[0]
qrcode_img_url=QRCODE_IMG_BASE_URL+qrcode_key
global CHECK_LOGIN_STATUS_BASE_URL
CHECK_LOGIN_STATUS_BASE_URL=CHECK_LOGIN_STATUS_BASE_URL+qrcode_key
qrcode_img=Image.open(cStringIO.StringIO(urllib2.urlopen(qrcode_img_url).read()))
plt.ion()
plt.figure()
plt.imshow(qrcode_img)
plt.figure()
plt.close(2)
else :
print 'sorry,request qrcode failed...'
time.sleep(2)
os._exit(0)

def listen_login():
run=True
times=0
msg='please scan the qrcode'
while run:
times+=1
print msg
response=urllib2.urlopen(CHECK_LOGIN_STATUS_BASE_URL).read()
p=re.compile(r'(\d+(\.\d+)?)')
code=p.findall(response)[0][0]
if  code=='201':
msg= 'please login...'
plt.close()
if  code=='200':
run=False
plt.close()
print  'login sucess,running....'
p=re.compile(r'\"(.*)\"')
redirect_url=p.findall(response)[0]
response=conn.get(url=redirect_url,allow_redirects=False,verify=False)
msg=response.text
global ret,message,skey,wxsid,wxuin,pass_ticket,isgrayscale
xml=et.fromstring(msg)
ret=xml[0].text
message=xml[1].text
skey=xml[2].text
wxsid=xml[3].text
wxuin=xml[4].text
pass_ticket=xml[5].text
isgrayscale=xml[6].text

if  times==20:
run=False
def update_synckey(msg):
global synckey,syncheck_key
synckey=str(msg['SyncKey']).replace("u'","'")
for k_v in msg['SyncKey']['List']:
syncheck_key+='|'+str(k_v['Key'])+'_'+str(k_v['Val'])
syncheck_key=syncheck_key[1:]
def  wx_init():
url='https://wx.qq.com/cgi-bin/mmwebwx-bin/webwxinit?r=-485039295&lang=zh_CN&pass_ticket='+pass_ticket
data={'BaseRequest':{'DeviceID':'%s'%get_device_id(),'Sid':'%s'%wxsid,'Skey':'%s'%skey,'Uin':'%s'%wxuin}}
res=conn.post(url=url,headers=headers,data=json.dumps(data),verify=False)
response=res.text
msg=json.loads(response)
global user
user=msg['User']['UserName']
update_synckey(msg)

def get_contact_list():
base_url='https://wx.qq.com/cgi-bin/mmwebwx-bin/webwxgetcontact?lang=zh_CN&seq=0'
base_url+='&pass_ticket='+pass_ticket+'&r='+str(int(time.time())*1000)+'&skey='+skey
response=urllib2.urlopen(base_url).read()
data=json.loads(response)
f=open(r'd:/linklist.txt','w')
for friend in data['MemberList']:
msg=friend['NickName']+","+friend['RemarkName']+"\n"
f.write(msg.encode('utf-8'))
f.close()

def get_auto_reply(send_msg):
url='http://www.niurenqushi.com/api/simsimi/'
data={'txt':'%s'%send_msg}
res=conn.post(url=url,data=data)
res.encoding='utf-8'
return  json.loads(res.text,'')['text']

def reply_msg(content,touser):
url='https://wx.qq.com/cgi-bin/mmwebwx-bin/webwxsendmsg?lang=zh_CN&pass_ticket='+pass_ticket
#touser='filehelper'
ClientMsgId=str(int(time.time()))+str(random.random()*10000000)[0:7]
print 'recive msg :',content
sendmsg=get_auto_reply(content)
data={'BaseRequest':{'Uin':'%s'%wxuin,'Sid':'%s'%wxsid,'Skey':'%s'%skey,'DeviceID':'%s'%get_device_id()},'Msg':{'ClientMsgId':'%s'%ClientMsgId,'Content':'%s'%sendmsg.encode('utf-8'),'FromUserName':'%s'%user,'LocalID':ClientMsgId,'ToUserName':'%s'%touser,'Type':'1'},'Scene':'0'}

data=json.dumps(data,ensure_ascii=False)
res=conn.post(url=url,headers=headers,data=data.encode('utf-8'),verify=False)
print 'reply:',sendmsg
def recive_msg():
base_url='https://wx.qq.com/cgi-bin/mmwebwx-bin/webwxsync'
base_url+='?sid='+wxsid+'&skey='+skey+'&lang='+'zh_CN'+'&pass_ticket='+pass_ticket
while True:
try:
rr='-'+str(random.random()*1000000000)[0:9]
data={'BaseRequest':{'Uin':'%s'%wxuin,'Sid':'%s'%wxsid,'Skey':'%s'%skey,'DeviceID':'%s'%get_device_id()},'SyncKey':eval(synckey),'rr':'%s'%rr}
res=conn.post(url=base_url,headers=headers,data=json.dumps(data),verify=False)
res.encoding='utf-8'
response=res.text
if response==None:
continue
data=json.loads(response)
update_synckey(data)
for msg in data['AddMsgList']:
content=m
8e0b
sg['Content']
fromuser=msg['FromUserName']
if fromuser==user:
continue
if content[0:4]=='<':
continue
#print 'recived msg:',content.decode('unicode_escape'),'from user :',fromuser
threading.Thread(target=reply_msg,args=(content,fromuser)).start()
time.sleep(2)
except Exception  as e :
pass

def sync_check():
listen=True
base_url='https://webpush.wx.qq.com/cgi-bin/mmwebwx-bin/synccheck'
base_url+='?r='+str(int(time.time())*1000)+'&skey='+skey+'&sid='+wxsid+'&uin='+wxuin+'&deviceid='+get_device_id()+'&synckey='+syncheck_key+'&_='+str(int(time.time())*1000-3000000)
request = urllib2.Request(url=base_url, headers=headers)
while listen:
try:
res=conn.get(url=base_url,headers=headers,verify=False)
response=res.text
p=re.compile(r'(\d+(\.\d+)?)')
retcode=p.findall(response)[0][0]
if retcode=='1101' or retcode=='1102':
print 'login out ...'
listen=False
os._exit(0)
time.sleep(2)
except Exception:
pass
if __name__ == '__main__':
ssl._create_default_https_context = ssl._create_unverified_context
QRCODE_KEY_URL='https://login.wx.qq.com/jslogin?appid=wx782c26e4c19acffb&redirect_uri=https%3A%2F%2Fwx.qq.com%2Fcgi-bin%2Fmmwebwx-bin%2Fwebwxnewloginpage&fun=new&lang=zh_CN&_='+str(int(time.time())*1000)
QRCODE_IMG_BASE_URL='https://login.weixin.qq.com/qrcode/'
CHECK_LOGIN_STATUS_BASE_URL='https://login.wx.qq.com/cgi-bin/mmwebwx-bin/login?loginicon=true&uuid='
ret,message,skey,wxsid,wxuin,pass_ticket,isgrayscale='','','','','','',''
synckey,user='',''
syncheck_key=''
cookie=cookielib.CookieJar()
handler=urllib2.HTTPCookieProcessor(cookie)
debug_h=urllib2.HTTPSHandler(debuglevel=0)
opener=urllib2.build_opener(handler,debug_h)
urllib2.install_opener(opener)
conn=requests.session()
headers = {     'Host': 'wx.qq.com',
'Connection': 'keep-alive',
'Accept': 'application/json, text/plain, */*',
'Origin': 'https://wx.qq.com',
'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64; rv:51.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/51.0',
'Content-Type': 'application/json;',
'Accept-Encoding': 'gzip, deflate, br',
'Accept-Language': 'zh-CN,zh;q=0.8,en-US;q=0.5,en;q=0.3'
}
#获取微信二维码并显示
qrcode_img()
#监听用户扫描二维码和登录动作
listen_login()
#微信初始化
wx_init()
#开启子线程监听登录状态
check_status_task=threading.Thread(target=sync_check)
check_status_task.start()
#get_contact_list()
#主线程监听消息
recive_msg()

~第一次写，请无视排版~肯定是编辑器的问题，怎么感觉比word还难