ProtoBuf在Unity3D中的简单使用！

目前Unity3D依然是移动手机开发的主流开发工具。

而在移动端推荐的打包解包方法是使用Protobuf协议：主要优点就是效率高，传输量小，节省带宽。而想要在Android和IOS端都能使用Protobuf，我使用的方法是把Protobuf-net源代码拷贝到项目中的Scripts文件夹中，而当拷贝到文件夹时会出现如下错误。（文章结尾附有源代码）



我们只需要在Assets目录下创建smcs.rsp文件，并在文件中写入-unsafe，重新编译，即可发现错误消失。

这样前期配置工作就完成了，下面就是简单的编码部分。

1、首先创建一个cs文件，命名为Person.cs，具体源码如下

[ProtoContract]
public class Person {
[ProtoMember(1)]
public int Id { get; set; }
[ProtoMember(2)]
public string Name { get; set; }
[ProtoMember(3)]
public Address Address { set; get; }

public override string ToString()
{
return "Id = " + Id + " " + "Name = " + Name + " " + "Address = " + Address;
}
}
[ProtoContract]
public class Address
{
[ProtoMember(1)]
public string Line1 { get; set; }
[ProtoMember(2)]
public string Line2 { get; set; }

public override string ToString()
{
return "Line1 = " + Line1 + " " + "Line2 = " + Line2;
}
}

2、在项目中创建一个Test.cs文件，并挂载到Main Camera上

public class Test : MonoBehaviour
{
List<Person> persons = new List<Person>();
void Start()
{
Person p1 = new Person()
{
Address = new Address() {Line1 = "one line address", Line2 = "two line address"},
Id = 1,
Name = "肖明"
};
Person p2 = new Person() {Address = new Address() {Line1 = "one line", Line2 = "two line"}, Id = 1, Name = "肖红"};
persons.Add(p1);
persons.Add(p2);
using (var file = File.Create("test.bin"))//把对象序列化到文件中
{
Serializer.Serialize(file,persons);
}
}

void OnGUI()
{
if (GUILayout.Button("反序列化"))
{
Deserialize();
}
}

void Deserialize()
{
List<Person> personList =new List<Person>();
using (var file = File.OpenRead("test.bin"))
{
personList = Serializer.Deserialize<List<Person>>(file);
}

foreach (var person in personList)
{
Debug.Log(person);
}
}
}

3、运行程序，你会发现在你的项目根目录中有一个test.bin文件，里面就存放的是我们被序列化的对象
4、点击场景中的反序列化Button，

，会看到输出了如下字符串



5、我简单写了一个protobuf工具类，主要提供把对象序列化到文件或者内存中去，和把文件或者内存中的数据反序列化出来，下面是主要源代码

public class ProtobufHelper
{
/// <summary>
/// 把对象序列化到内存中
/// </summary>
/// <typeparam name="T"></typeparam>
/// <param name="t"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
public static string Serialize<T>(T t)
{
using (MemoryStream ms = new MemoryStream())
{
Serializer.Serialize(ms, t);
return Encoding.UTF8.GetString(ms.ToArray());
}
}
/// <summary>
/// 把对象序列化到文件中
/// </summary>
/// <typeparam name="T"></typeparam>
/// <param name="path"></param>
/// <param name="t"></param>
public static void Serialize<T>(string path, T t)
{
using (var file = File.Create(path))
{
Serializer.Serialize(file,t);
}
}
/// <summary>
/// 把对象从内存中反序列化回来
/// </summary>
/// <typeparam name="T"></typeparam>
/// <param name="content"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
public static T Deserialize<T>(string content)
{

using (MemoryStream ms = new MemoryStream(Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(content)))
{
T t = Serializer.Deserialize<T>(ms);
return t;
}
}

/// <summary>
/// 把对象从文件中反序列化回来
/// </summary>
/// <typeparam name="T"></typeparam>
/// <param name="s"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
public static T Deserialize<T>(Stream s)
{
return Serializer.Deserialize<T>(s);
}
}

6、下面是这个类的简单实用方法（把数据序列化到内存中，并把对象从内存中反序列化回来），在Test.cs修改代码如下

public class Test : MonoBehaviour
{
List<Person> persons = new List<Person>();
string strResult = String.Empty;
void Start()
{
Person p1 = new Person()
{
Address = new Address() {Line1 = "one line address", Line2 = "two line address"},
Id = 1,
Name = "肖明"
};
Person p2 = new Person() {Address = new Address() {Line1 = "one line", Line2 = "two line"}, Id = 1, Name = "肖红"};
persons.Add(p1);
persons.Add(p2);
strResult = ProtobufHelper.Serialize(persons);//序列化到内存中
}

void OnGUI()
{
if (GUILayout.Button("反序列化"))
{
Deserialize();
}
}

void Deserialize()
{
List<Person> personList =new List<Person>();
personList = ProtobufHelper.Deserialize<List<Person>>(strResult);从内存中反序列化出来

foreach (var person in personList)
{
Debug.Log(person);
}
}
}

7、下面是把数据序列化到文件中，并把对象从文件中反序列化回来，在Test.cs修改代码如下

public class Test : MonoBehaviour
{
List<Person> persons = new List<Person>();
private string path;
void Start()
{
path = Application.streamingAssetsPath + "/test.bin";
Person p1 = new Person()
{
Address = new Address() {Line1 = "one line address", Line2 = "two line address"},
Id = 1,
Name = "肖明"
};
Person p2 = new Person() {Address = new Address() {Line1 = "one line", Line2 = "two line"}, Id = 1, Name = "肖红"};
persons.Add(p1);
persons.Add(p2);
ProtobufHelper.Serialize<List<Person>>(path,persons);//把对象序列化到文件中
}

void OnGUI()
{
if (GUILayout.Button("反序列化"))
{
Deserialize();
}
}

void Deserialize()
{
List<Person> personList =new List<Person>();
using (var file = File.OpenRead(path))//从文件中读取
{
personList = ProtobufHelper.Deserialize<List<Person>>(file);
}

foreach (var person in personList)
{
Debug.Log(person);
}
}
}

8.这就是一个简单的Protobuf序列化与反序列化介绍，我附上protobuf-net源代码供大家下载

链接：http://pan.baidu.com/s/1kUBZDYZ 密码：4b01