centos6.5 编译安装lnmp

LNMP 这种架构因此也就非常流行，尤其VPS和云主机的出现，更加推动了，LNMP 的架构发展融合，从php5.4开始就已经原生的支持了php-fpm的方式。PHP-FPM是一个PHP FastCGI管理器，不再是第三方的包了， PHP-FPM 提供了更好的PHP进程管理方式，可以有效控制内存和进程、可以平滑重载PHP配置，比spawn-fcgi具有更多优点。

之前一直用lnmp自动安装脚本，很方便 ，全程自动安装。今天也试试自己搭建

准备工作：

最小化安装centos6.5

建立一个软件包目录存放

mkdir -p /usr/local/src/

清理已经安装包

rpm -e httpd
rpm -e mysql
rpm -e php
yum -y remove httpd
yum -y remove mysql
yum -y remove php

#搜索apache包
rpm -qa http*

#强制卸载apache包
rpm -e –nodeps 查询出来的文件名

#检查是否卸载干净
rpm -qa|grep http*

selinux可能会致使编译安装失败，我们先禁用它。永久禁用，需要重启生效

安装必备工具

yum -y install make gcc gcc-c++ gcc-g77 flex bison file libtool libtool-libs autoconf kernel-devel libjpeg libjpeg-devel libpng libpng-devel libpng10 libpng10-devel gd gd-devel freetype freetype-devel libxml2 libxml2-devel zlib zlib-devel glib2 glib2-devel bzip2 bzip2-devel libevent libevent-devel ncurses ncurses-devel curl curl-devel e2fsprogs e2fsprogs-devel krb5 krb5-devel libidn libidn-devel openssl openssl-devel gettext gettext-devel ncurses-devel gmp-devel pspell-devel unzip libcap lsof

安装mysql5.6.23

按照标准需要给mysql创建所属用户和用户组

创建群组
groupadd mysql
创建一个用户，不允许登陆和不创主目录
useradd -s /sbin/nologin -g mysql -M mysql
检查创建用户
tail -1 /etc/passwd

centos最小化安装后，会有mysql的库因此先卸载！
检查安装与否
rpm -qa|grep mysql
强制卸载
rpm -e mysql-libs-5.1.73-3.el6_5.x86_64 –nodeps

MySQL从5.5版本开始，通过./configure进行编译配置方式已经被取消，取而代之的是cmake工具。 因此，我们首先要在系统中源码编译安装cmake工具。

wget http://www.cmake.org/files/v2.8/cmake-2.8.12.2.tar.gz tar zxvf cmake-2.8.12.2.tar.gz
cd cmake-2.8.12.2
./configure
make && make install

tar zxvf mysql-5.6.23.tar.gz
cd mysql-5.6.23
cmake \
-DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql \
-DMYSQL_DATADIR=/usr/local/mysql/data \
-DSYSCONFDIR=/etc \
-DWITH_MYISAM_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_MEMORY_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_READLINE=1 \
-DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock \
-DMYSQL_TCP_PORT=3306 \
-DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=1 \
-DWITH_PARTITION_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DEXTRA_CHARSETS=all \
-DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 \
-DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci \
-DMYSQL_USER=mysql \
-DWITH_DEBUG=0 \
-DWITH_SSL=system
make && make install

修改/usr/local/mysql权限

chmod +w /usr/local/mysql
chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql

编辑/etc/my.cnf

关于my.cnf配置文件：

在启动MySQL服务时，会按照一定次序搜索my.cnf，先在/etc目录下找，找不到则会搜索”$basedir/my.cnf” 就是安装目录下 /usr/local/mysql/my.cnf，这是新版MySQL的配置文件的默认位置！ 注意：在CentOS 6.x版操作系统的最小安装完成后，在/etc目录下会存在一个my.cnf，需要将此文件更名为其他的名字。 如：/etc/my.cnf.bak，否则，该文件会干扰源码安装的MySQL的正确配置，造成无法启动。 由于我们已经卸载了最小安装完成后的mysq库所以，就没必要操作了。

进入support-files目录

cd support-files/
如果还有my.cnf请备份
mv /etc/my.cnf /etc/my.cnf.bak
如果愿意也可以复制配置文件到etc下
cp my-default.cnf /etc/my.cnf

这里我配置文件进行修改 使用lnmp.org的lnmp安装包1.2的mysql配置

修改my.cnf

# Example MySQL config file for medium systems.
#
# This is for a system with little memory (32M - 64M) where MySQL plays
# an important part, or systems up to 128M where MySQL is used together with
# other programs (such as a web server)
#
# MySQL programs look for option files in a set of
# locations which depend on the deployment platform.
# You can copy this option file to one of those
# locations. For information about these locations, see:
# http://dev.mysql.com/doc/mysql/en/option-files.html #
# In this file, you can use all long options that a program supports.
# If you want to know which options a program supports, run the program
# with the "--help" option.

# The following options will be passed to all MySQL clients
[client]
#password = your_password
port = 3306
socket = /tmp/mysql.sock

# Here follows entries for some specific programs

# The MySQL server
[mysqld]
port = 3306
socket = /tmp/mysql.sock
skip-external-locking
key_buffer_size = 16M
max_allowed_packet = 1M
table_open_cache = 64
sort_buffer_size = 512K
net_buffer_length = 8K
read_buffer_size = 256K
read_rnd_buffer_size = 512K
myisam_sort_buffer_size = 8M

# Don't listen on a TCP/IP port at all. This can be a security enhancement,
# if all processes that need to connect to mysqld run on the same host.
# All interaction with mysqld must be made via Unix sockets or named pipes.
# Note that using this option without enabling named pipes on Windows
# (via the "enable-named-pipe" option) will render mysqld useless!
#
#skip-networking

# Replication Master Server (default)
# binary logging is required for replication
log-bin=mysql-bin

# binary logging format - mixed recommended
binlog_format=mixed

# required unique id between 1 and 2^32 - 1
# defaults to 1 if master-host is not set
# but will not function as a master if omitted
server-id = 1

#loose-innodb-trx=0
#loose-innodb-locks=0
#loose-innodb-lock-waits=0
#loose-innodb-cmp=0
#loose-innodb-cmp-per-index=0
#loose-innodb-cmp-per-index-reset=0
#loose-innodb-cmp-reset=0
#loose-innodb-cmpmem=0
#loose-innodb-cmpmem-reset=0
#loose-innodb-buffer-page=0
#loose-innodb-buffer-page-lru=0
#loose-innodb-buffer-pool-stats=0
#loose-innodb-metrics=0
#loose-innodb-ft-default-stopword=0
#loose-innodb-ft-inserted=0
#loose-innodb-ft-deleted=0
#loose-innodb-ft-being-deleted=0
#loose-innodb-ft-config=0
#loose-innodb-ft-index-cache=0
#loose-innodb-ft-index-table=0
#loose-innodb-sys-tables=0
#loose-innodb-sys-tablestats=0
#loose-innodb-sys-indexes=0
#loose-innodb-sys-columns=0
#loose-innodb-sys-fields=0
#loose-innodb-sys-foreign=0
#loose-innodb-sys-foreign-cols=0

# Uncomment the following if you are using InnoDB tables
#innodb_data_home_dir = /usr/local/mysql/data
#innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:10M:autoextend
#innodb_log_group_home_dir = /usr/local/mysql/data
# You can set .._buffer_pool_size up to 50 - 80 %
# of RAM but beware of setting memory usage too high
#innodb_buffer_pool_size = 16M
#innodb_additional_mem_pool_size = 2M
# Set .._log_file_size to 25 % of buffer pool size
#innodb_log_file_size = 5M
#innodb_log_buffer_size = 8M
#innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 1
#innodb_lock_wait_timeout = 50

[mysqldump]
quick
max_allowed_packet = 16M

[mysql]
no-auto-rehash
# Remove the next comment character if you are not familiar with SQL
#safe-updates

[myisamchk]
key_buffer_size = 20M
sort_buffer_size = 20M
read_buffer = 2M
write_buffer = 2M

[mysqlhotcopy]
interactive-timeout

执行初始化配置脚本，创建系统自带的数据库和表，注意配置文件的路径

/usr/local/mysql/scripts/mysql_install_db --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data --user=mysql

拷贝mysql安装目录下support-files服务脚本到init.d目录

#拷贝脚本
cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
#赋予权限
chmod +x /etc/init.d/mysqld

设置开机启动

chkconfig mysqld on
启动MySQL
service mysqld start
或者
/etc/init.d/mysql start

登陆测试，默认是没有密码,直接回车就可进入

mysql -uroot -p

设置mysql密码

/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin -uroot -p password '你的密码'

登陆进命令行模式

mysql -uroot -p

查看用户

select user,host from mysql.user;

删除不必要的用户

drop user ""@localhost;
drop user ""@localhost.localdomain;
drop user root@localhost.localdomain;
drop user root@'::1';

赋予账号远程访问的权限

GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'root'@'127.0.0.1' IDENTIFIED BY '你的密码' WITH GRANT OPTION;
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY '你的密码' WITH GRANT OPTION;
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'root'@'localhost.localdomain' IDENTIFIED BY '你的密码' WITH GRANT OPTION;

安装php5.6

wget http://cn2.php.net/distributions/php-5.6.17.tar.gz tar zxvf php-5.6.17.tar.gz

安装依赖关系

libiconv库为需要做转换的应用提供了一个iconv()的函数，以实现一个字符编码到另一个字符编码的转换。 错误提示：configure: error: Please reinstall the iconv library.

wget http://ftp.gnu.org/pub/gnu/libiconv/libiconv-1.14.tar.gz tar zxvf libiconv-1.14.tar.gz
cd libiconv-1.14
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/libiconv
make && make install
cd ..

libmcrypt是加密算法扩展库。 错误提示：configure: error: Cannot find imap library (libc-client.a). Please check your c-client installation.

wget http://iweb.dl.sourceforge.net/project/mcrypt/Libmcrypt/2.5.8/libmcrypt-2.5.8.tar.gz tar zxvf libmcrypt-2.5.8.tar.gz
cd libmcrypt-2.5.8
./configure
make && make install
cd ..

Mhash是基于离散数学原理的不可逆向的php加密方式扩展库，其在默认情况下不开启。 mhash的可以用于创建校验数值，消息摘要，消息认证码，以及无需原文的关键信息保存 错误提示：configure: error: “You need at least libmhash 0.8.15 to compile this program. http://mhash.sf.net/”

wget http://hivelocity.dl.sourceforge.net/project/mhash/mhash/0.9.9.9/mhash-0.9.9.9.tar.bz2 tar jxvf mhash-0.9.9.9.tar.bz2
cd mhash-0.9.9.9
./configure
make && make install
cd ..

mcrypt 是 php 里面重要的加密支持扩展库，Mcrypt扩展库可以实现加密解密功能，就是既能将明文加密，也可以密文还原。

wget http://iweb.dl.sourceforge.net/project/mcrypt/MCrypt/2.6.8/mcrypt-2.6.8.tar.gz tar zxvf mcrypt-2.6.8.tar.gz
cd mcrypt-2.6.8
./configure
make && make install
cd ..

编译mcrypt可能会报错：configure: error: *** libmcrypt was not found

vi  /etc/ld.so.conf
最后一行添加
/usr/local/lib/
载入
ldconfig

编译mcrypt可能会报错：/bin/rm: cannot remove `libtoolT’: No such file or directory

修改 configure 文件，把RM='$RM'改为RM='$RM -f' 这里的$RM后面一定有一个空格。 如果后面没有空格，直接连接减号，就依然会报错。

正式开始编译php！

tar zxvf php-5.6.17.tar.gz
cd php-5.6.17
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php --with-config-file-path=/usr/local/php/etc --enable-fpm --with-fpm-user=www --with-fpm-group=www --with-mysql=mysqlnd --with-mysqli=mysqlnd --with-pdo-mysql=mysqlnd --with-iconv-dir=/usr/local/ --with-freetype-dir=/usr/local/freetype --with-jpeg-dir --with-png-dir --with-zlib --with-libxml-dir=/usr --enable-xml --disable-rpath --enable-bcmath --enable-shmop --enable-sysvsem --enable-inline-optimization --with-curl --enable-mbregex --enable-mbstring --with-mcrypt --enable-ftp --with-gd --enable-gd-native-ttf --with-openssl --with-mhash --enable-pcntl --enable-sockets --with-xmlrpc --enable-zip --enable-soap --with-gettext --disable-fileinfo
make && make install

修改fpm配置php-fpm.conf.default文件名称

mv /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf.default /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf

复制php.ini配置文件

cp php.ini-production /usr/local/php/etc/php.ini

复制php-fpm启动脚本到init.d

cp sapi/fpm/init.d.php-fpm /etc/init.d/php-fpm

赋予执行权限

chmod +x /etc/init.d/php-fpm

添加为启动项

chkconfig --add php-fpm

设置开机启动

chkconfig php-fpm on

按照标准，给php-fpm创建一个指定的用户和组

创建群组
groupadd www
创建一个用户，不允许登陆和不创主目录
useradd -s /sbin/nologin -g www -M www

立即启动php-fpm

service php-fpm start
#或者
/etc/init.d/php-fpm start

回到/usr/local/src/目录

安装nginx1.7

nginx所需的依赖关系，一般我们都需要先装pcre, zlib，前者为了重写rewrite，后者为了gzip压缩。如果系统已经yum 安装了这些库也没关系，无需卸载。直接编译安装最新的就可以了。为了一次性完成编译，先准备编译下面的依赖关系！

1.安装PCRE库

wget ftp://ftp.csx.cam.ac.uk/pub/software/programming/pcre/pcre-8.35.tar.gz tar -zxvf pcre-8.35.tar.gz
cd pcre-8.35
./configure
make && make install

2.安装zlib库

wget http://zlib.net/zlib-1.2.8.tar.gz tar -zxvf zlib-1.2.8.tar.gz
cd zlib-1.2.8
./configure
make && make install

3.安装ssl

自由选择是否需要编译
wget http://www.openssl.org/source/openssl-1.0.1g.tar.gz tar -zxvf openssl-1.0.1g.tar.gz

准备工作完成，现在开始安装nginx！，这里添加了前面准备的库关系，注意路径！

wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.7.0.tar.gz tar zxvf nginx-1.7.0.tar.gz
cd nginx-1.7.0
./configure \
--user=www \
--group=www \
--prefix=/usr/local/nginx \
--with-http_stub_status_module \
--with-http_ssl_module \
--with-http_gzip_static_module \
cd ..

简单配置nginx

user  www www;
worker_processes  1;

#error_log  logs/error.log;
#error_log  logs/error.log  notice;
#error_log  logs/error.log  info;

#pid        logs/nginx.pid;

events {
worker_connections  1024;
}

http {
include       mime.types;
default_type  application/octet-stream;

#log_format  main  '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
#                  '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
#                  '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';

#access_log  logs/access.log  main;

sendfile        on;
#tcp_nopush     on;

#keepalive_timeout  0;
keepalive_timeout  65;

#gzip  on;

server {
listen       80;
server_name  localhost;

#charset koi8-r;

#access_log  logs/host.access.log  main;

location / {
root   /data/app/test;
index  index.php index.html index.htm;
}

error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;
location = /50x.html {
root   html;
}

location ~ \.php$ {
root           /data/app/test;
fastcgi_pass   127.0.0.1:9000;
fastcgi_index  index.php;
fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
include        fastcgi_params;
}

}

include vhost/*.conf;

vi /data/app/test/index.php
<?php phpinfo();
保存退出

nginx -s reload

访问localhost/index.php访问