7.25~8.3

7.25
Overtake
v. Catch up with and possibly overtake.
Impassioned
adj.Characterized by intense emotion.
Integrity
n.An undivided or unbroken completeness or totality with nothing wanting
Notion
n.A vague idea in which some confidence is placed.
Superficial
adj.  concerned with or comprehending only what is apparent or obvious; not deep or penetrating emotionally or intellectually.
Mare
n.Female equine animal；a
dark region of considerable extent on the surface of the moon.
Clustered
v.Come together as in a cluster or flock.
adj.  Growing close together but not in dense mats.
Gamble
n. money that is risked for possible monetary gain.
v. Take a risk in the hope of a favorable outcome.
Dazzle
n.brightness enough to blind partially and temporarily.
v.To cause someone to lose clear vision ,especially from intense light
Strung
n.Thread on or as if on a string.
Adj. That is on a string.
Aurora
n.The first light of day ; An atmospheric phenomenon consisting of bands of light caused by charged solar particles following the earth's
magnetic lines of force ;  (Roman mythology) goddess of the dawn,counterpart of Greek Eos.
Bureaucracy
n. nonelective government officials; a government that is administered primarily by bureaus that are staffed with nonelective officials.
Spectacle
n. Something or someone seen(especially a notable or unusual sight); an elaborate and remarkable display on a lavish scale; a blunder
that makes you look ridiculous, used int he phrase 'make a spectacle of' yourself.
void
n. The state of nonexistence.
v.Declare invalid.
adj.  Lacking any legal or binding force.
brand
n. a name given to a product or service.
v. Burn with a branding iron to indicate ownership; of animals.
Capitalism
n.An economic system based on private ownership of capital.
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7.26
Grossly
adv.  In a gross manner.
Enclose
v. enclose or enfold completely with or as if with a covering.
prance
n. A proud stiff pompous gait. 
v. to walk with a lofty proud gait, often in an attempt to impress others.
Magnify
v. Increase in size, volume or significance; to enlarge beyond bounds or the truth;  make large.
Surname
n. The name used to identify the members of a family(as distinguished from each member's given name)
Doctrine
n. a belief(or system of beliefs) accepted as authoritative by some group or school.
ruffled
v. Stir up(water) so as to form ripples.
adj. Shaken into waves or undulations as by the wind.
Predominant
Adj. most frequent or common ; having superior power and influence.
Harp
n. A chordophone that has a triangular frame consisting of a sounding board and a pillar and a curved neck; the strings stretched between the neck and the soundbox are plucked with the fingers.
v. Come back to.
Grumble
n.  A loud low dull continuous noise.
v.  Show one's unhappiness or critical attitude.
Synthesis
n. The process of producing a chemical compound(usually by the union of simpler chemical compounds) ; the combination of ideas into a complex whole ;reasoning from the general
to the particular(or from cause to effect) .
Municipal
adj. relating or belonging to or characteristic of a municipality; of or relating to the government of a municipality.直辖市政府
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7.27
Dreadfully
adv. Of a dreadful kind ; in a dreadful manner.
Masterpiece
n. The most outstanding work of a creative artist or craftsman.   杰作by 
creative artist or craftsman
Refugee
n. an exile who flees for safety.流亡逃离到安全处所
Aerospace
n. The atmosphere and outer space considered as a whole.宇宙空间（指地球大气层及其外面的空间）
Foresee
v. Realize beforehand ; picture to oneself , imagine possible ; act in advance of , deal with ahead of time.
Furious(fury n.)
adj. marked by extreme and violent energy激烈地 ; marked by extreme anger狂怒
; (of the elements) as if showing violent anger.
Dependant
n. a person who relies on another person for support(especially financial support)受抚养者
adj.contingent on something else ; addicted to a drug.
Penetrate
v. Pass into or through, often by overcoming resistance.
Pasture
n. a field covered with grass or herbage and suitable for grazing by livestock适合牲畜放牧.
Proclaim
v.Declare formally正式宣布 ; declare someone to be something显示出; of titles.
Grove
n. A small growth of trees without underbrush没有灌木丛; garden consisting of
a small cultivated wood(小种植树)without undergrowth没有矮树丛，灌木丛.
Brightness
n. The location of a visual perception视觉感知 along a continuum from black
to white(光亮) ; intelligence as manifested in being
quick and witty(聪明) ; the quality of being luminous
; emitting or reflecting light.
Scrub
n.Dense vegetation consisting of stunted trees矮树 or bushes.
v.Clean with hard rubbing用力擦洗.
adj. (of domestic animals) not selectively bred.

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7.29
Repugnance
n.Intense aversion强烈厌恶 ; the relation between propositions that cannot both be true at the same time.
Impose
v. Compel to behave in a certain way ; impose something unpleasant ; impose and collect.
Preside
v. act as president
Lag
n. The act of slowing down or falling behind落后
v.Hang(back) or fall(behind) in movement ,progress, development,  etc.
Insulation
n. The state of being isolated or detached分离 ;  a material that reduces or prevents the transmission of heat or sound or electricity
;
Rhetoric
n.Using language e
12caf
ffectively to please or persuade请求或说服.修辞学
Censor
n.Someone who censures or condemns.审查员
v.Forbid the public distribution of (a movie or a newspaper)删减
Shipment
n.Goods carried by a large vehicle ; the act of sending off something送货.
Foible
n.  a behavioral attribute that is distinctive and peculiar与众不同且古怪
to an individual ; the weaker part of asword's blade剑刃from the forte to the tip.
Chip
n. As mall fragment of something broken off from the whole碎片
v.break off(a piece from a whole)断成碎片
Robust
adj. Sturdy and strong in form, constitution体质、体格(宪法，组成),
or construction.
Enchant
v.Hold spellbound入迷的，使迷惑 ;attract , cause to be enamored被迷住 ; cast a spell over
someone or something ,put a hex on someone or something.
Inaugurate举行就职典礼
v. Commence officially ; open ceremoniously or dedicate formally ; be a precursor of;
Stingy小气的
adj.Unwilling to spend ;deficient in amount or quality or extent.

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8.2
Ponder
v. Reflect deeply on a subject.
Competitor
n. The contestant you hope to defeat.
Metamorphosis
变形
n. The marked and rapid transformation of a larva幼虫(lava熔岩) into an adult that occurs in some animals ; a striking change in appearance or character or circumstances ; a complete change
of physical form or substance especially as by magic or witchcraft魔法.
Menace
n. Something that is a source of danger
v.Pose a threat to成为。。的威胁 ,present a danger to .
Mixer
n. a party of people assembled to promote sociability社交 and communal activity公共的活动.
Stock
n. The capital raised by a corporation through the issue of shares entitling holders to an ownership interest(equity)股份.
v. Have on hand.
adj.Repeated too often , over familiar through overuse陈旧的.
Jelly
n. An edible jelly(sweet or pungent) made with gelatin凝胶 and used as a dessert甜点
or salad base or a coating （食品上的）面衣，糖衣 or foods.
v. Make into jelly.
Infinitely
adv.Without bounds限制; continuing forever without end.
Windmill
n. A mill that in powered by the wind. Generator that extracts usable energy from winds.
Coincide 与..一致，符合
v. Go with,fall together . Happen simultaneously . Be the same.
Stiff
n. An ordinary man.
adj.Not moving or operating freely. Lacking ease in bending, not limber灵活.
adv.Extremely.
Cubic
adj.Having three dimensions维度.
Ditch沟渠，摆脱
n. Along narrow excavation挖掘; 开凿; 开凿的洞穴（或山路等） in the earth .
v.Forsake舍弃.
Sparse
adj. Not dense
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8.3
Cruelty 残酷
虐待
n. acruel act , A deliberate infliction施加 of pain and suffering . Feelings of extreme heartlessness . Thequality of being cruel
and causing tension or annoyance.
Nitty-gritty本质
n. Thechoicest精选的 or most essentialor most vital part of some idea or experience.
Marvel奇异的事
惊异于
n. Somethingthat causes feelings of wonder.
v. Be amazedat ; express astonishment or surprise about something.
Trample踩踏轻视
n. Thesound of heavy treading踩 orstomping踏 .
v. Tread orstomp heavily or roughly.
Trifle 
琐事
蛋糕
少量
开玩笑
浪费
n. A cold pudding布丁/甜点
made of layersof sponge cake松糕 spread with fruit or jelly
果酱/冻
v.Waste time; spend one's time idly懒惰地 or inefficiently.
Brood
n. Theyoung of an animal cared for at one time窝.
v.Think moodily or anxiously about something沉思.
Board
n. A committee having supervisory监督的 powers.董事会
甲板
v. Get on board of (trains, buses, ships ,aircraft, etc.)
登(飞机、车、船等)
Stringent 
严格的
adj.Demanding strict attention to rules and procedures.
Productive能生产的
adj.Producing or capable有能力 ofproducing(especially abundantly大量的)
Evenly
adv. In equal amounts or shares , in a balanced平衡 or impartial公平的
way. In a level andregular way.
Pharmaceutical药物的
药品
n. Drug药物
麻醉药
毒品 or medicine药物 that is prepared or dispensed分配
in pharmacies制药
药店
药房 and used in medical treatment.
Repeal废止
撤销
n. The act of abrogating废除 , anofficial or legal cancellation.
v. Cancelofficially.
Clasp扣子
钩
紧握
扣紧
n. Afastener纽扣(as a buckle扣环 or hook钩)
that is used to hold two things together.
v. Holdfirmly and tightly.
Groove
凹槽
惯例
开槽
n. Along narrow furrow犁沟 cut eitherby a natural process(such as erosion) or by a tool(as e.g. a groove in aphonograph record唱片)
v. Make agroove in , or provide with a groove.