0712
2016-07-18 19:19
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1、SSH远程服务的管理操作
A、通过两种方式来拒绝开放一个端口22（SSH端口）:
要求：一种是通过修改配置文件并重新加载配置；另一种是通过命令操作方式来实现开放一个端口，并测试端口是否通。
答：
1）
cd /etc/firewalld/zones 进入zones文件夹
vi public.xml 打开防火墙配置文件 删除<service name="ssh"/>行 保存并退出
firewall-cmd --reload 重载防火墙配置文件
2）
[root@bogon ~]# firewall-cmd --add-port=22/tcp --permanent 开放一个ssh端口，
success
[root@bogon ~]# firewall-cmd --reload 重载配置文件
success
[root@bogon ~]# netstat -an | grep :22 查看端口状态
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:22 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN
tcp 0 0 192.168.1.164:22 192.168.1.148:49693 ESTABLISHED 已连通
tcp6 0 0 :::22 :::* LISTEN
[root@bogon ~]# firewall-cmd --remove-port=22/tcp --permanent 删除ssh端口
success
[root@bogon ~]# firewall-cmd --reload 重载配置文件
success
B、通过两种方式来结束ssh服务，并把步骤写在上面；
答：
1）
[root@bogon zones]# firewall-cmd --add-service=ssh 查看防火墙中的服务
success
[root@bogon zones]# firewall-cmd --list-all
public (default, active)
interfaces: eno16777736
sources:
services: dhcpv6-client ssh ssh服务
ports:
masquerade: no
forward-ports:
icmp-blocks:
rich rules:
[root@bogon zones]# firewall-cmd --remove-service=ssh 删除ssh服务
success
[root@bogon zones]# firewall-cmd --list-all
public (default, active)
interfaces: eno16777736
sources:
services: dhcpv6-client
ports:
masquerade: no
forward-ports:
icmp-blocks:
rich rules:
2）
[root@bogon zones]# netstat -anp |grep :22 查看端口为22的进程的PID
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:22 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 1465/sshd
tcp 0 0 192.168.1.164:22 192.168.1.148:49790 ESTABLISHED 14846/sshd: root@pt
tcp6 0 0 :::22 :::* LISTEN 1465/sshd
[root@bogon zones]# kill -9 14846 结束该进程
C、把ssh服务设置成开机禁用，并把步骤及效果写在上面。
答：
[root@bogon zones]# systemctl disable sshd.service
Removed symlink /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/sshd.service.
2、查看自己虚拟机的软（系统）硬件（CPU、内存、硬盘、主板）信息，并把信息打出的结果打印在作业上。
1)cpu
[root@bogon zones]# lscpu
Architecture: x86_64
CPU op-mode(s): 32-bit, 64-bit
Byte Order: Little Endian
CPU(s): 1
On-line CPU(s) list: 0
Thread(s) per core: 1
Core(s) per socket: 1
Socket(s): 1
NUMA node(s): 1
Vendor ID: GenuineIntel
CPU family: 6
Model: 58
Model name: Intel(R) Core(TM) i5-3210M CPU @ 2.50GHz
Stepping: 9
CPU MHz: 2494.399
BogoMIPS: 4988.79
Hypervisor vendor: VMware
Virtualization type: full
L1d cache: 32K
L1i cache: 32K
L2 cache: 256K
L3 cache: 3072K
NUMA node0 CPU(s): 0
2)内存
[root@bogon zones]# more /proc/meminfo
MemTotal: 1001332 kB
MemFree: 90128 kB
MemAvailable: 148072 kB
Buffers: 12 kB
Cached: 147344 kB
SwapCached: 516 kB
Active: 281960 kB
Inactive: 269472 kB
Active(anon): 198500 kB
Inactive(anon): 211648 kB
Active(file): 83460 kB
Inactive(file): 57824 kB
Unevictable: 0 kB
Mlocked: 0 kB
SwapTotal: 2097148 kB
SwapFree: 2093436 kB
Dirty: 4 kB
Writeback: 0 kB
AnonPages: 403608 kB
Mapped: 83008 kB
Shmem: 6072 kB
Slab: 116320 kB
SReclaimable: 58564 kB
SUnreclaim: 57756 kB
KernelStack: 12448 kB
PageTables: 24228 kB
NFS_Unstable: 0 kB
Bounce: 0 kB
WritebackTmp: 0 kB
CommitLimit: 2597812 kB
Committed_AS: 2391576 kB
VmallocTotal: 34359738367 kB
VmallocUsed: 171320 kB
VmallocChunk: 34359539344 kB
HardwareCorrupted: 0 kB
AnonHugePages: 147456 kB
HugePages_Total: 0
HugePages_Free: 0
HugePages_Rsvd: 0
HugePages_Surp: 0
Hugepagesize: 2048 kB
DirectMap4k: 89984 kB
DirectMap2M: 958464 kB
3）硬盘
[root@bogon zones]# smartctl -a /dev/sda
smartctl 6.2 2013-07-26 r3841 [x86_64-linux-3.10.0-327.el7.x86_64] (local build)
Copyright (C) 2002-13, Bruce Allen, Christian Franke, www.smartmontools.org
=== START OF INFORMATION SECTION ===
Vendor: VMware,
Product: VMware Virtual S
Revision: 1.0
User Capacity: 21,474,836,480 bytes [21.4 GB]
Logical block size: 512 bytes
Device type: disk
Local Time is: Tue Jul 12 20:04:54 2016 CST
SMART support is: Unavailable - device lacks SMART capability.
=== START OF READ SMART DATA SECTION ===
Error Counter logging not supported
Device does not support Self Test logging
4）主板
[root@bogon zones]# dmidecode |grep -A16 "System Information$"
System Information
Manufacturer: VMware, Inc.
Product Name: VMware Virtual Platform
Version: None
Serial Number: VMware-56 4d e6 ab d1 61 6b 87-9f 50 6c de 7e 49 6b 78
UUID: ABE64D56-61D1-876B-9F50-6CDE7E496B78
Wake-up Type: Power Switch
SKU Number: Not Specified
Family: Not Specified
Handle 0x0002, DMI type 2, 15 bytes
Base Board Information
Manufacturer: Intel Corporation
Product Name: 440BX Desktop Reference Platform
Version: None
Serial Number: None
Asset Tag: Not Specified
A、通过两种方式来拒绝开放一个端口22（SSH端口）:
要求：一种是通过修改配置文件并重新加载配置；另一种是通过命令操作方式来实现开放一个端口，并测试端口是否通。
答：
1）
cd /etc/firewalld/zones 进入zones文件夹
vi public.xml 打开防火墙配置文件 删除<service name="ssh"/>行 保存并退出
firewall-cmd --reload 重载防火墙配置文件
2）
[root@bogon ~]# firewall-cmd --add-port=22/tcp --permanent 开放一个ssh端口，
success
[root@bogon ~]# firewall-cmd --reload 重载配置文件
success
[root@bogon ~]# netstat -an | grep :22 查看端口状态
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:22 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN
tcp 0 0 192.168.1.164:22 192.168.1.148:49693 ESTABLISHED 已连通
tcp6 0 0 :::22 :::* LISTEN
[root@bogon ~]# firewall-cmd --remove-port=22/tcp --permanent 删除ssh端口
success
[root@bogon ~]# firewall-cmd --reload 重载配置文件
success
B、通过两种方式来结束ssh服务，并把步骤写在上面；
答：
1）
[root@bogon zones]# firewall-cmd --add-service=ssh 查看防火墙中的服务
success
[root@bogon zones]# firewall-cmd --list-all
public (default, active)
interfaces: eno16777736
sources:
services: dhcpv6-client ssh ssh服务
ports:
masquerade: no
forward-ports:
icmp-blocks:
rich rules:
[root@bogon zones]# firewall-cmd --remove-service=ssh 删除ssh服务
success
[root@bogon zones]# firewall-cmd --list-all
public (default, active)
interfaces: eno16777736
sources:
services: dhcpv6-client
ports:
masquerade: no
forward-ports:
icmp-blocks:
rich rules:
2）
[root@bogon zones]# netstat -anp |grep :22 查看端口为22的进程的PID
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:22 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 1465/sshd
tcp 0 0 192.168.1.164:22 192.168.1.148:49790 ESTABLISHED 14846/sshd: root@pt
tcp6 0 0 :::22 :::* LISTEN 1465/sshd
[root@bogon zones]# kill -9 14846 结束该进程
C、把ssh服务设置成开机禁用，并把步骤及效果写在上面。
答：
[root@bogon zones]# systemctl disable sshd.service
Removed symlink /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/sshd.service.
2、查看自己虚拟机的软（系统）硬件（CPU、内存、硬盘、主板）信息，并把信息打出的结果打印在作业上。
1)cpu
[root@bogon zones]# lscpu
Architecture: x86_64
CPU op-mode(s): 32-bit, 64-bit
Byte Order: Little Endian
CPU(s): 1
On-line CPU(s) list: 0
Thread(s) per core: 1
Core(s) per socket: 1
Socket(s): 1
NUMA node(s): 1
Vendor ID: GenuineIntel
CPU family: 6
Model: 58
Model name: Intel(R) Core(TM) i5-3210M CPU @ 2.50GHz
Stepping: 9
CPU MHz: 2494.399
BogoMIPS: 4988.79
Hypervisor vendor: VMware
Virtualization type: full
L1d cache: 32K
L1i cache: 32K
L2 cache: 256K
L3 cache: 3072K
NUMA node0 CPU(s): 0
2)内存
[root@bogon zones]# more /proc/meminfo
MemTotal: 1001332 kB
MemFree: 90128 kB
MemAvailable: 148072 kB
Buffers: 12 kB
Cached: 147344 kB
SwapCached: 516 kB
Active: 281960 kB
Inactive: 269472 kB
Active(anon): 198500 kB
Inactive(anon): 211648 kB
Active(file): 83460 kB
Inactive(file): 57824 kB
Unevictable: 0 kB
Mlocked: 0 kB
SwapTotal: 2097148 kB
SwapFree: 2093436 kB
Dirty: 4 kB
Writeback: 0 kB
AnonPages: 403608 kB
Mapped: 83008 kB
Shmem: 6072 kB
Slab: 116320 kB
SReclaimable: 58564 kB
SUnreclaim: 57756 kB
KernelStack: 12448 kB
PageTables: 24228 kB
NFS_Unstable: 0 kB
Bounce: 0 kB
WritebackTmp: 0 kB
CommitLimit: 2597812 kB
Committed_AS: 2391576 kB
VmallocTotal: 34359738367 kB
VmallocUsed: 171320 kB
VmallocChunk: 34359539344 kB
HardwareCorrupted: 0 kB
AnonHugePages: 147456 kB
HugePages_Total: 0
HugePages_Free: 0
HugePages_Rsvd: 0
HugePages_Surp: 0
Hugepagesize: 2048 kB
DirectMap4k: 89984 kB
DirectMap2M: 958464 kB
3）硬盘
[root@bogon zones]# smartctl -a /dev/sda
smartctl 6.2 2013-07-26 r3841 [x86_64-linux-3.10.0-327.el7.x86_64] (local build)
Copyright (C) 2002-13, Bruce Allen, Christian Franke, www.smartmontools.org
=== START OF INFORMATION SECTION ===
Vendor: VMware,
Product: VMware Virtual S
Revision: 1.0
User Capacity: 21,474,836,480 bytes [21.4 GB]
Logical block size: 512 bytes
Device type: disk
Local Time is: Tue Jul 12 20:04:54 2016 CST
SMART support is: Unavailable - device lacks SMART capability.
=== START OF READ SMART DATA SECTION ===
Error Counter logging not supported
Device does not support Self Test logging
4）主板
[root@bogon zones]# dmidecode |grep -A16 "System Information$"
System Information
Manufacturer: VMware, Inc.
Product Name: VMware Virtual Platform
Version: None
Serial Number: VMware-56 4d e6 ab d1 61 6b 87-9f 50 6c de 7e 49 6b 78
UUID: ABE64D56-61D1-876B-9F50-6CDE7E496B78
Wake-up Type: Power Switch
SKU Number: Not Specified
Family: Not Specified
Handle 0x0002, DMI type 2, 15 bytes
Base Board Information
Manufacturer: Intel Corporation
Product Name: 440BX Desktop Reference Platform
Version: None
Serial Number: None
Asset Tag: Not Specified
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