cobbler的使用安装

cobbler
1、基础安装
#安装cobbler需要配置epel源,以下因供参考

[root@server ~]# cat /etc/yum.repos.d/aliyunepel.repo
[epel]
name= aliyun epel library
baseurl=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/epel/6/x86_64
gpgcheck=0

#安装cobbler kickstart debmirror rsync cman

yum install -y cobbler pykickstart debmirror
yum install -y dhcp rsync cman

#清除规则

iptables -F
setenforce 0

#设置开机

chkconfig httpd on
chkconfig tftp on
chkconfig rsync on
service xinetd start
chkconfig xinetd on

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2、配置cobbler
#执行cobbler get-loaders

[root@server ~]# cobbler get-loaders
task started: 2016-05-05_160957_get_loaders
task started (id=Download Bootloader Content, time=Thu May  5 16:09:57 2016)
path /var/lib/cobbler/loaders/README already exists, not overwriting existing content, use --force if you wish to update
path /var/lib/cobbler/loaders/COPYING.elilo already exists, not overwriting existing content, use --force if you wish to update
path /var/lib/cobbler/loaders/COPYING.yaboot already exists, not overwriting existing content, use --force if you wish to update
path /var/lib/cobbler/loaders/COPYING.syslinux already exists, not overwriting existing content, use --force if you wish to update
path /var/lib/cobbler/loaders/elilo-ia64.efi already exists, not overwriting existing content, use --force if you wish to update
path /var/lib/cobbler/loaders/yaboot already exists, not overwriting existing content, use --force if you wish to update
path /var/lib/cobbler/loaders/pxelinux.0 already exists, not overwriting existing content, use --force if you wish to update
path /var/lib/cobbler/loaders/menu.c32 already exists, not overwriting existing content, use --force if you wish to update
path /var/lib/cobbler/loaders/grub-x86.efi already exists, not overwriting existing content, use --force if you wish to update
path /var/lib/cobbler/loaders/grub-x86_64.efi already exists, not overwriting existing content, use --force if you wish to update
*** TASK COMPLETE ***

#开启cobbler的服务，并且设置开机自启

service cobblerd start
chkconfig cobblerd on

#执行cobbler sync

cobbler sync

#开始配置dhcp服务在/usr/share/doc/dhcp/目录下有一个dhcpd.conf.sample文件,拷贝到/etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf

cp /usr/share/doc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf.sample /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf

[root@cobbler ~]# cat /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf
option domain-name "example.org";
option domain-name-servers ns1.example.org, ns2.example.org;
default-lease-time 600;
max-lease-time 7200;
log-facility local7;
subnet 10.7.0.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {
range 10.7.0.50 10.7.0.100;    #ip地址分配的范围
option routers 10.7.0.254;        #网关
next-server 10.7.0.119;        #cobbler主机的Ip地址
filename "pxelinux.0";
}

#启动dhcp服务

service dhcpd start
chkconfig dhcpd start

挂载ISO文件

mount -t iso9660 -o loop /iso/CentOS-6.8-x86_64-minimal.iso /mnt

#修改/etc/cobbler/setings文件：

HostIP=$(/sbin/ip addr show dev eth1 | sed -n 3p | awk '{print $2}'| awk -F\/ '{print $1}')
sed -i 's/^\(server:\).*$/\1 '$HostIP'/g' /etc/cobbler/settings
sed -i 's/^\(next_server:\).*$/\1 '$HostIP'/g' /etc/cobbler/settings

#制作ks自动安装文件

openssl -1 -salt '' '123456' #生成密码可放入/etc/cobbler/settings配置里

[root@cobbler ~]# cat /iso/CentOS6.8-mini.ks
auth  --useshadow  --enablemd5
# System bootloader configuration
bootloader --location=mbr
# Partition clearing information
clearpart --all --initlabel
# Use text mode install
text
# Firewall configuration
firewall --enabled
# Run the Setup Agent on first boot
firstboot --disable
# System keyboard
keyboard us
# System language
lang en_US
# Use network installation
url --url=$tree
# If any cobbler repo definitions were referenced in the kickstart profile, include them here.
$yum_repo_stanza
# Network information
$SNIPPET('network_config')
# Reboot after installation
reboot

#Root password 引用
rootpw --iscrypted $default_password_crypted
# SELinux configuration
selinux --disabled
# Do not configure the X Window System
skipx
# System timezone
timezone --utc Etc/GMT+8
# Install OS instead of upgrade
install
# Clear the Master Boot Record
zerombr
# Allow anaconda to partition the system as needed
autopart

%pre
$SNIPPET('log_ks_pre')
$SNIPPET('kickstart_start')
$SNIPPET('pre_install_network_config')
# Enable installation monitoring
$SNIPPET('pre_anamon')
%end

%packages --nobase
@core
#$SNIPPET('func_install_if_enabled')
%end

%post --nochroot
$SNIPPET('log_ks_post_nochroot')
%end

%post
$SNIPPET('log_ks_post')
# Start yum configuration
$yum_config_stanza
# End yum configuration
$SNIPPET('post_install_kernel_options')
$SNIPPET('post_install_network_config')
$SNIPPET('func_register_if_enabled')
$SNIPPET('download_config_files')
$SNIPPET('koan_environment')
$SNIPPET('redhat_register')
$SNIPPET('cobbler_register')
# Enable post-install boot notification
$SNIPPET('post_anamon')
# Start final steps
$SNIPPET('kickstart_done')
# End final steps
%end

#添加cobbler repo（可选）

cobbler repo add --name=CentOS-6-x86_64 --mirror=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6/os/x86_64/

#执行cobbler镜像

cobbler import  --name=Centos6.8 --path=/min --kickstart=/iso/CentOS6.8-mini.ks

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3、查看配置
#查看cobbler镜像

[root@cobbler ~]# cobbler list
distros:
CentOS6.5-x86_64
CentOS6.8-mini-x86_64

profiles:
CentOS6.5-x86_64
CentOS6.8-mini-x86_64

systems:

repos:
CentOS-6-x86_64

images:

mgmtclasses:

packages:

files:

#删除配置

cobbler profile remove --name=CentOS6.8-mini-x86_64

#删除显示

cobbler distro remove --name=CentOS6.8-mini-x86_64

#查看配置详情

[root@cobbler ~]# cobbler profile report
Name                           : CentOS6.5-x86_64
TFTP Boot Files                : {}
Comment                        :
DHCP Tag                       : default
Distribution                   : CentOS6.5-x86_64
Enable gPXE?                   : 0
Enable PXE Menu?               : 1
Fetchable Files                : {}
Kernel Options                 : {}
Kernel Options (Post Install)  : {}
Kickstart                      : /var/lib/cobbler/kickstarts/sample_end.ks
Kickstart Metadata             : {}
Management Classes             : []
Management Parameters          : <<inherit>>
Name Servers                   : []
Name Servers Search Path       : []
Owners                         : ['admin']
Parent Profile                 :
Internal proxy                 :
Red Hat Management Key         : <<inherit>>
Red Hat Management Server      : <<inherit>>
Repos                          : []
Server Override                : <<inherit>>
Template Files                 : {}
Virt Auto Boot                 : 1
Virt Bridge                    : xenbr0
Virt CPUs                      : 1
Virt Disk Driver Type          : raw
Virt File Size(GB)             : 5
Virt Path                      :
Virt RAM (MB)                  : 512
Virt Type                      : kvm

Name                           : CentOS6.8-mini-x86_64
TFTP Boot Files                : {}
Comment                        :
DHCP Tag                       : default
Distribution                   : CentOS6.8-mini-x86_64
Enable gPXE?                   : 0
Enable PXE Menu?               : 1
Fetchable Files                : {}
Kernel Options                 : {}
Kernel Options (Post Install)  : {}
Kickstart                      : /iso/CentOS6.8-mini.ks
Kickstart Metadata             : {}
Management Classes             : []
Management Parameters          : <<inherit>>
Name Servers                   : []
Name Servers Search Path       : []
Owners                         : ['admin']
Parent Profile                 :
Internal proxy                 :
Red Hat Management Key         : <<inherit>>
Red Hat Management Server      : <<inherit>>
Repos                          : []
Server Override                : <<inherit>>
Template Files                 : {}
Virt Auto Boot                 : 1
Virt Bridge                    : xenbr0
Virt CPUs                      : 1
Virt Disk Driver Type          : raw
Virt File Size(GB)             : 5
Virt Path                      :
Virt RAM (MB)                  : 512
Virt Type                      : kvm

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4、Cobbler命令说明

cobbler check
核对当前设置是否有问题

cobbler list
列出所有的cobbler元素

cobbler report
详细的列出个元素

cobbler sync
同步配置到dhcp/pxe和数据目录

cobbler reposync
同步yum仓库

Cobbler配置文件说明
Cobbler配置文件存放在/etc/cobbler下。

配置文件名称

/etc/cobbler/settings
cobbler主配置文件

/etc/cobbler
dhcp、dns、pxe、dnsmasq的模板配置文件

/etc/cobbler/users.digest
用于web访问的用户名密码配置文件

/etc/cobbler/modules.conf
模块配置文件

/etc/cobbler/users.conf
Cobbler WebUI/Web service授权配置文件

Repo数据目录/var/www/cobbler
导入的发行版，repos镜像和kickstart文件都放置在/var/www/cobbler目录下。确保/var目录有足够的空间来存储这些文件。

images/

存储所有导入发行版的Kernel和initrd镜像用于远程网络启动

ks_mirror/
存储导入的发行版

repo_mirror/
yum repos存储目录

/var/log/cobbler
存放日志文件/var/log/cobbler/cobbler.log

Cobbler数据目录/var/lib/cobbler，此目录存储和Cobbler profiles、systems、distros相关的配置。

configs/
存储distros、repos、systems和profiles相关信息

backup/
备份目录

snippets/
放置一些可以在kickstarts导入的脚本小片段

triggers/
放置一些可执行脚本

kickstarts/
放置kickstart模板文件