Android省市区三级联动选择，转载请注明http://blog.csdn.net/wulianghuan/article/details/41549189

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最近项目要做一个，类似淘宝手机客户端的，选择收货地址的三级联动滚动选择组件，下面是它的大致界面截图：



在iOS中有个叫UIPickerView的选择器，并且在dataSource中定义了UIPickerView的数据源和定制内容，所以用只要熟悉它的基本用法，要实现这么个三级联动滑动选择是挺简单的。

言归正传，今天讨论的是在Android里面如何来实现这么个效果，那么如何实现呢？？？
相信部分童鞋首先想到的是android.widget.DatePicker和android.widget.TimePicker，因为它们的样子长得很像，事实就是它们仅仅是长得相而已，Google在设计这个两个widget的时候，并没有提供对外的数据源适配接口，带来的问题就是，我们只能通过它们来选择日期和时间，至于为什么这样设计，如果有童鞋知道，请给我留言，Thanks~

DatePicker.class包含的方法截图：


全都是关于时间获取用的方法.

好了，既然在Android中没办法偷懒的用一个系统widget搞定，那么只能自己来自定义view来实现了，这篇就围绕这个来展开分享一下，我在项目中实现这个的全过程。首先是做了下开源代码调研，在github上面有一个叫做 android-wheel 的开源控件,
代码地址https://github.com/maarek/android-wheel

是一个非常好用的组件，对于数据适配接口的抽取和事件的回调都做了抽取，代码的耦合度低，唯一不足就是在界面的定制这块，如果你需要做更改，需要去动源代码的。我这里在界面的代码做了改动，放在我的项目src目录下了：



在此次项目中，省市区及邮编的数据是放在了assets/province_data.xml里面，是产品经理花了好几天时间整理的，绝对是最齐全和完善了，辛苦辛苦！！！

关于XML的解析，一共有SAX、PULL、DOM三种解析方式，这里就不讲了，可以看我的前面的几篇学习的文章：

Android解析XML方式(一)使用SAX解析

Android解析XML方式(二)使用PULL解析XML

Android解析XML方式(三)使用DOM解析XML

此次项目中使用的是SAX解析方式，因为它占用内存少，并且速度快，数据解析代码写在了 com.mrwujay.cascade.service/XmlParserHandler.Java中，代码如下：

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package com.mrwujay.cascade.service; import java.util.ArrayList; import java.util.List; import org.xml.sax.Attributes; import org.xml.sax.SAXException; import org.xml.sax.helpers.DefaultHandler; import com.mrwujay.cascade.model.CityModel; import com.mrwujay.cascade.model.DistrictModel; import com.mrwujay.cascade.model.ProvinceModel; public class XmlParserHandler extends DefaultHandler { /** * 存储所有的解析对象 */ private List<ProvinceModel> provinceList = new ArrayList<ProvinceModel>(); public XmlParserHandler() { } public List<ProvinceModel> getDataList() { return provinceList; } @Override public void startDocument() throws SAXException { // 当读到第一个开始标签的时候，会触发这个方法 } ProvinceModel provinceModel = new ProvinceModel(); CityModel cityModel = new CityModel(); DistrictModel districtModel = new DistrictModel(); @Override public void startElement(String uri, String localName, String qName, Attributes attributes) throws SAXException { // 当遇到开始标记的时候，调用这个方法 if (qName.equals("province")) { provinceModel = new ProvinceModel(); provinceModel.setName(attributes.getValue(0)); provinceModel.setCityList(new ArrayList<CityModel>()); } else if (qName.equals("city")) { cityModel = new CityModel(); cityModel.setName(attributes.getValue(0)); cityModel.setDistrictList(new ArrayList<DistrictModel>()); } else if (qName.equals("district")) { districtModel = new DistrictModel(); districtModel.setName(attributes.getValue(0)); districtModel.setZipcode(attributes.getValue(1)); } } @Override public void endElement(String uri, String localName, String qName) throws SAXException { // 遇到结束标记的时候，会调用这个方法 if (qName.equals("district")) { cityModel.getDistrictList().add(districtModel); } else if (qName.equals("city")) { provinceModel.getCityList().add(cityModel); } else if (qName.equals("province")) { provinceList.add(provinceModel); } } @Override public void characters(char[] ch, int start, int length) throws SAXException { } }

package com.mrwujay.cascade.service;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import org.xml.sax.Attributes;
import org.xml.sax.SAXException;
import org.xml.sax.helpers.DefaultHandler;

import com.mrwujay.cascade.model.CityModel;
import com.mrwujay.cascade.model.DistrictModel;
import com.mrwujay.cascade.model.ProvinceModel;

public class XmlParserHandler extends DefaultHandler {

/**
* 存储所有的解析对象
*/
private List<ProvinceModel> provinceList = new ArrayList<ProvinceModel>();

public XmlParserHandler() {

}

public List<ProvinceModel> getDataList() {
return provinceList;
}

@Override
public void startDocument() throws SAXException {
// 当读到第一个开始标签的时候，会触发这个方法
}

ProvinceModel provinceModel = new ProvinceModel();
CityModel cityModel = new CityModel();
DistrictModel districtModel = new DistrictModel();

@Override
public void startElement(String uri, String localName, String qName,
Attributes attributes) throws SAXException {
// 当遇到开始标记的时候，调用这个方法
if (qName.equals("province")) {
provinceModel = new ProvinceModel();
provinceModel.setName(attributes.getValue(0));
provinceModel.setCityList(new ArrayList<CityModel>());
} else if (qName.equals("city")) {
cityModel = new CityModel();
cityModel.setName(attributes.getValue(0));
cityModel.setDistrictList(new ArrayList<DistrictModel>());
} else if (qName.equals("district")) {
districtModel = new DistrictModel();
districtModel.setName(attributes.getValue(0));
districtModel.setZipcode(attributes.getValue(1));
}
}

@Override
public void endElement(String uri, String localName, String qName)
throws SAXException {
// 遇到结束标记的时候，会调用这个方法
if (qName.equals("district")) {
cityModel.getDistrictList().add(districtModel);
} else if (qName.equals("city")) {
provinceModel.getCityList().add(cityModel);
} else if (qName.equals("province")) {
provinceList.add(provinceModel);
}
}

@Override
public void characters(char[] ch, int start, int length)
throws SAXException {
}

}

通过XmlParserHandler.java提供的getDataList（）方法获取得到，之后再进行拆分放到省、市、区不同的HashMap里面方便做数据适配。

这里是它的具体实现代码：

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protected void initProvinceDatas()
{
List<ProvinceModel> provinceList = null;
AssetManager asset = getAssets();
try {
InputStream input = asset.open("province_data.xml");
// 创建一个解析xml的工厂对象
SAXParserFactory spf = SAXParserFactory.newInstance();
// 解析xml
SAXParser parser = spf.newSAXParser();
XmlParserHandler handler = new XmlParserHandler();
parser.parse(input, handler);
input.close();
// 获取解析出来的数据
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143b4
bsp; provinceList = handler.getDataList();
//*/ 初始化默认选中的省、市、区
if (provinceList!= null && !provinceList.isEmpty()) {
mCurrentProviceName = provinceList.get(0).getName();
List<CityModel> cityList = provinceList.get(0).getCityList();
if (cityList!= null && !cityList.isEmpty()) {
mCurrentCityName = cityList.get(0).getName();
List<DistrictModel> districtList = cityList.get(0).getDistrictList();
mCurrentDistrictName = districtList.get(0).getName();
mCurrentZipCode = districtList.get(0).getZipcode();
}
}
//*/
mProvinceDatas = new String[provinceList.size()];
for (int i=0; i< provinceList.size(); i++) {
mProvinceDatas[i] = provinceList.get(i).getName();
List<CityModel> cityList = provinceList.get(i).getCityList();
String[] cityNames = new String[cityList.size()];
for (int j=0; j< cityList.size(); j++) {
cityNames[j] = cityList.get(j).getName();
List<DistrictModel> districtList = cityList.get(j).getDistrictList();
String[] distrinctNameArray = new String[districtList.size()];
DistrictModel[] distrinctArray = new DistrictModel[districtList.size()];
for (int k=0; k<districtList.size(); k++) {
DistrictModel districtModel = new DistrictModel(districtList.get(k).getName(), districtList.get(k).getZipcode());
mZipcodeDatasMap.put(districtList.get(k).getName(), districtList.get(k).getZipcode());
distrinctArray[k] = districtModel;
distrinctNameArray[k] = districtModel.getName();
}
mDistrictDatasMap.put(cityNames[j], distrinctNameArray);
}
mCitisDatasMap.put(provinceList.get(i).getName(), cityNames);
}
} catch (Throwable e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {

}
}

protected void initProvinceDatas()
{
List<ProvinceModel> provinceList = null;
AssetManager asset = getAssets();
try {
InputStream input = asset.open("province_data.xml");
// 创建一个解析xml的工厂对象
SAXParserFactory spf = SAXParserFactory.newInstance();
// 解析xml
SAXParser parser = spf.newSAXParser();
XmlParserHandler handler = new XmlParserHandler();
parser.parse(input, handler);
input.close();
// 获取解析出来的数据
provinceList = handler.getDataList();
//*/ 初始化默认选中的省、市、区
if (provinceList!= null && !provinceList.isEmpty()) {
mCurrentProviceName = provinceList.get(0).getName();
List<CityModel> cityList = provinceList.get(0).getCityList();
if (cityList!= null && !cityList.isEmpty()) {
mCurrentCityName = cityList.get(0).getName();
List<DistrictModel> districtList = cityList.get(0).getDistrictList();
mCurrentDistrictName = districtList.get(0).getName();
mCurrentZipCode = districtList.get(0).getZipcode();
}
}
//*/
mProvinceDatas = new String[provinceList.size()];
for (int i=0; i< provinceList.size(); i++) {
mProvinceDatas[i] = provinceList.get(i).getName();
List<CityModel> cityList = provinceList.get(i).getCityList();
String[] cityNames = new String[cityList.size()];
for (int j=0; j< cityList.size(); j++) {
cityNames[j] = cityList.get(j).getName();
List<DistrictModel> districtList = cityList.get(j).getDistrictList();
String[] distrinctNameArray = new String[districtList.size()];
DistrictModel[] distrinctArray = new DistrictModel[districtList.size()];
for (int k=0; k<districtList.size(); k++) {
DistrictModel districtModel = new DistrictModel(districtList.get(k).getName(), districtList.get(k).getZipcode());
mZipcodeDatasMap.put(districtList.get(k).getName(), districtList.get(k).getZipcode());
distrinctArray[k] = districtModel;
distrinctNameArray[k] = districtModel.getName();
}
mDistrictDatasMap.put(cityNames[j], distrinctNameArray);
}
mCitisDatasMap.put(provinceList.get(i).getName(), cityNames);
}
} catch (Throwable e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {

}
}

在使用wheel组件时，数据适配起来也很方便，只需要做些数据、显示数量的配置即可，我这边设置了一行显示7条数据

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initProvinceDatas(); mViewProvince.setViewAdapter(new ArrayWheelAdapter<String>(MainActivity.this, mProvinceDatas)); // 设置可见条目数量 mViewProvince.setVisibleItems(7); mViewCity.setVisibleItems(7); mViewDistrict.setVisibleItems(7); updateCities(); updateAreas();

initProvinceDatas();
mViewProvince.setViewAdapter(new ArrayWheelAdapter<String>(MainActivity.this, mProvinceDatas));
// 设置可见条目数量
mViewProvince.setVisibleItems(7);
mViewCity.setVisibleItems(7);
mViewDistrict.setVisibleItems(7);
updateCities();
updateAreas();

要监听wheel组件的滑动、点击、选中改变事件，可以通过实现它的三个事件监听接口来实现，分别是：

1、OnWheelScrollListener 滑动事件：

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/** * Wheel scrolled listener interface. */ public interface OnWheelScrollListener { /** * Callback method to be invoked when scrolling started. * @param wheel the wheel view whose state has changed. */ void onScrollingStarted(WheelView wheel); /** * Callback method to be invoked when scrolling ended. * @param wheel the wheel view whose state has changed. */ void onScrollingFinished(WheelView wheel); }

/**
* Wheel scrolled listener interface.
*/
public interface OnWheelScrollListener {
/**
* Callback method to be invoked when scrolling started.
* @param wheel the wheel view whose state has changed.
*/
void onScrollingStarted(WheelView wheel);

/**
* Callback method to be invoked when scrolling ended.
* @param wheel the wheel view whose state has changed.
*/
void onScrollingFinished(WheelView wheel);
}

2、OnWheelClickedListener 条目点击事件：

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/** * Wheel clicked listener interface. * <p>The onItemClicked() method is called whenever a wheel item is clicked * <li> New Wheel position is set * <li> Wheel view is scrolled */ public interface OnWheelClickedListener { /** * Callback method to be invoked when current item clicked * @param wheel the wheel view * @param itemIndex the index of clicked item */ void onItemClicked(WheelView wheel, int itemIndex); }

/**
* Wheel clicked listener interface.
* <p>The onItemClicked() method is called whenever a wheel item is clicked
* <li> New Wheel position is set
* <li> Wheel view is scrolled
*/
public interface OnWheelClickedListener {
/**
* Callback method to be invoked when current item clicked
* @param wheel the wheel view
* @param itemIndex the index of clicked item
*/
void onItemClicked(WheelView wheel, int itemIndex);
}

3、OnWheelChangedListener 被选中项的positon变化事件：

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/** * Wheel changed listener interface. * <p>The onChanged() method is called whenever current wheel positions is changed: * <li> New Wheel position is set * <li> Wheel view is scrolled */ public interface OnWheelChangedListener { /** * Callback method to be invoked when current item changed * @param wheel the wheel view whose state has changed * @param oldValue the old value of current item * @param newValue the new value of current item */ void onChanged(WheelView wheel, int oldValue, int newValue); }

/**
* Wheel changed listener interface.
* <p>The onChanged() method is called whenever current wheel positions is changed:
* <li> New Wheel position is set
* <li> Wheel view is scrolled
*/
public interface OnWheelChangedListener {
/**
* Callback method to be invoked when current item changed
* @param wheel the wheel view whose state has changed
* @param oldValue the old value of current item
* @param newValue the new value of current item
*/
void onChanged(WheelView wheel, int oldValue, int newValue);
}

这里只要知道哪个省、市、区被选中了，实现第三个接口就行，在方法回调时去作同步和更新数据，比如省级条目滑动的时候，市级和县级数据都要做对应的适配、市级滑动时需要去改变县级(区)的数据，这样才能实现级联的效果，至于如何改变，需要三个HashMap来分别保存他们的对应关系：

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/**
* key - 省 value - 市
*/
protected Map<String, String[]> mCitisDatasMap = new HashMap<String, String[]>();
/**
* key - 市 values - 区
*/
protected Map<String, String[]> mDistrictDatasMap = new HashMap<String, String[]>();

/**
* key - 区 values - 邮编
*/
protected Map<String, String> mZipcodeDatasMap = new HashMap<String, String>();

/**
* key - 省 value - 市
*/
protected Map<String, String[]> mCitisDatasMap = new HashMap<String, String[]>();
/**
* key - 市 values - 区
*/
protected Map<String, String[]> mDistrictDatasMap = new HashMap<String, String[]>();

/**
* key - 区 values - 邮编
*/
protected Map<String, String> mZipcodeDatasMap = new HashMap<String, String>();

在onChanged()回调方法中，对于省、市、区/县的滑动，分别做数据的适配，代码如下：

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@Override public void onChanged(WheelView wheel, int oldValue, int newValue) { // TODO Auto-generated method stub if (wheel == mViewProvince) { updateCities(); } else if (wheel == mViewCity) { updateAreas(); } else if (wheel == mViewDistrict) { mCurrentDistrictName = mDistrictDatasMap.get(mCurrentCityName)[newValue]; mCurrentZipCode = mZipcodeDatasMap.get(mCurrentDistrictName); } } /** * 根据当前的市，更新区WheelView的信息 */ private void updateAreas() { int pCurrent = mViewCity.getCurrentItem(); mCurrentCityName = mCitisDatasMap.get(mCurrentProviceName)[pCurrent]; String[] areas = mDistrictDatasMap.get(mCurrentCityName); if (areas == null) { areas = new String[] { "" }; } mViewDistrict.setViewAdapter(new ArrayWheelAdapter<String>(this, areas)); mViewDistrict.setCurrentItem(0); } /** * 根据当前的省，更新市WheelView的信息 */ private void updateCities() { int pCurrent = mViewProvince.getCurrentItem(); mCurrentProviceName = mProvinceDatas[pCurrent]; String[] cities = mCitisDatasMap.get(mCurrentProviceName); if (cities == null) { cities = new String[] { "" }; } mViewCity.setViewAdapter(new ArrayWheelAdapter<String>(this, cities)); mViewCity.setCurrentItem(0); updateAreas(); }

@Override
public void onChanged(WheelView wheel, int oldValue, int newValue) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
if (wheel == mViewProvince) {
updateCities();
} else if (wheel == mViewCity) {
updateAreas();
} else if (wheel == mViewDistrict) {
mCurrentDistrictName = mDistrictDatasMap.get(mCurrentCityName)[newValue];
mCurrentZipCode = mZipcodeDatasMap.get(mCurrentDistrictName);
}
}

/**
* 根据当前的市，更新区WheelView的信息
*/
private void updateAreas() {
int pCurrent = mViewCity.getCurrentItem();
mCurrentCityName = mCitisDatasMap.get(mCurrentProviceName)[pCurrent];
String[] areas = mDistrictDatasMap.get(mCurrentCityName);

if (areas == null) {
areas = new String[] { "" };
}
mViewDistrict.setViewAdapter(new ArrayWheelAdapter<String>(this, areas));
mViewDistrict.setCurrentItem(0);
}

/**
* 根据当前的省，更新市WheelView的信息
*/
private void updateCities() {
int pCurrent = mViewProvince.getCurrentItem();
mCurrentProviceName = mProvinceDatas[pCurrent];
String[] cities = mCitisDatasMap.get(mCurrentProviceName);
if (cities == null) {
cities = new String[] { "" };
}
mViewCity.setViewAdapter(new ArrayWheelAdapter<String>(this, cities));
mViewCity.setCurrentItem(0);
updateAreas();
}

综上代码，最终实现的界面截图：



源码下载地址：http://download.csdn.net/detail/wulianghuan/8205211