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Android 最新API ViewDragHelper详解及实例

2016-04-21 16:26 507 查看

一、开篇介绍：

2013年谷歌i/o大会上介绍了两个新的layout： SlidingPaneLayout和DrawerLayout，现在这俩个类被广泛的运用，其实研究他们的源码你会发现这两个类都运用了ViewDragHelper来处理拖动。ViewDragHelper是framework中不为人知却非常有用的一个工具。

ViewDragHelper解决了Android中手势处理过于复杂的问题，在DrawerLayout出现之前，侧滑菜单都是由第三方开源代码实现的，其中著名的当属MenuDrawer ，MenuDrawer重写onTouchEvent方法来实现侧滑效果，代码量很大，实现逻辑也需要很大的耐心才能看懂。如果每个开发人员都从这么原始的步奏开始做起，那对于安卓生态是相当不利的。所以说ViewDragHelper等的出现反映了安卓开发框架已经开始向成熟的方向迈进

二、代码中的关键点：

1.tryCaptureView返回了唯一可以被拖动的header view；

2.拖动范围drag range的计算是在onLayout中完成的；

3.注意在onInterceptTouchEvent和onTouchEvent中使用的ViewDragHelper的若干方法；

4.在computeScroll中使用continueSettling方法（因为ViewDragHelper使用了scroller）

5.smoothSlideViewTo方法来完成拖动结束后的惯性操作。

三、用法：

1)ViewDragHelper的初始化

ViewDragHelper一般用在一个自定义ViewGroup的内部，比如下面自定义了一个继承于LinearLayout的DragLayout，DragLayout内部有一个子viewmDragView作为成员变量：

public class DragLayout extends LinearLayout {
private final ViewDragHelper mDragHelper;
private View mDragView;
private View mDragView1;
private View mDragView2;
public DragLayout(Context context) {
this(context, null);
}
public DragLayout(Context context, AttributeSet attrs) {
this(context, attrs, 0);
}
public DragLayout(Context context, AttributeSet attrs, int defStyle) {
super(context, attrs, defStyle);
//初始化
/*
其中1.0f是敏感度参数参数越大越敏感。第一个参数为this，表示该类生成的对象，他是ViewDragHelper的拖动处理对象，必须为ViewGroup。
*/
mDragHelper = ViewDragHelper.create(this, 1.0f, cb);
}
/**
初始化子view控件
*/
@Override
protected void onFinishInflate() {
super.onFinishInflate();
mDragView = getChildAt(0);
mDragView1 = getChildAt(1);
mDragView2 = getChildAt(2);
}

/*
要让ViewDragHelper能够处理拖动需要将触摸事件传递给ViewDragHelper，这点和gesturedetector是一样的：
*/
@Override
public boolean onInterceptTouchEvent(MotionEvent ev) {
final int action = MotionEventCompat.getActionMasked(ev);
if (action == MotionEvent.ACTION_CANCEL || action == MotionEvent.ACTION_UP) {
mDragHelper.cancel();
return false;
}
return mDragHelper.shouldInterceptTouchEvent(ev);
}
@Override
public boolean onTouchEvent(MotionEvent ev) {
mDragHelper.processTouchEvent(ev);
return true;
}

/**
初始化回调函数
*/
ViewDragHelper.Callback cb = new ViewDragHelper.Callback(){
/**
处理横向的拖动：
在DragHelperCallback中实现clampViewPositionHorizontal方法， 并且返回一个适当的数值就能实现横向拖动效果，clampViewPositionHorizontal的第二个参数是指当前拖动子view应该到达的x坐标。所以按照常理这个方法原封返回第二个参数就可以了，但为了让被拖动的view遇到边界之后就不在拖动，对返回的值做了更多的考虑。
*/
@Override
public int clampViewPositionHorizontal(View child, int left, int dx) {
Log.d("DragLayout", "clampViewPositionHorizontal " + left + "," + dx);
final int leftBound = getPaddingLeft();
final int rightBound = getWidth() - mDragView.getWidth();
final int newLeft = Math.min(Math.max(left, leftBound), rightBound);
return newLeft;
}
/**
同上，处理纵向的拖动：
在DragHelperCallback中实现clampViewPositionVertical方法，实现过程同clampViewPositionHorizontal
*/
@Override
public int clampViewPositionVertical(View child, int top, int dy) {
final int topBound = getPaddingTop();
final int bottomBound = getHeight() - mDragView.getHeight();
final int newTop = Math.min(Math.max(top, topBound), bottomBound);
return newTop;
}

/**
通过DragHelperCallback的tryCaptureView方法的返回值可以决定一个parentview中哪个子view可以拖动，现在假设有两个子views (mDragView1和mDragView2)  ，如下实现tryCaptureView之后，则只有mDragView1是可以拖动的。
*/
@Override
public boolean tryCaptureView(View child, int pointerId)
{
//return true;
return child == mDragView1; //只有mDragView1可以拖动
}

}

/**
滑动边缘:
分为滑动左边缘还是右边缘：EDGE_LEFT和EDGE_RIGHT，下面的代码设置了可以处理滑动左边缘：
*/
@Override
public void onEdgeTouched(int edgeFlags, int pointerId) {
super.onEdgeTouched(edgeFlags, pointerId);
//mDragHelper.setEdgeTrackingEnabled(ViewDragHelper.EDGE_LEFT);
Toast.makeText(getContext(), "edgeTouched", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
}

/**
如果你想在边缘滑动的时候根据滑动距离移动一个子view，可以通过实现onEdgeDragStarted方法，并在onEdgeDragStarted方法中手动指定要移动的子View
*/
@Override
public void onEdgeDragStarted(int edgeFlags, int pointerId) {
mDragHelper.captureChildView(mDragView2, pointerId);
}

}

四：实例

public class YoutubeLayout extends ViewGroup {
private final ViewDragHelper mDragHelper;
private View mHeaderView;
private View mDescView;
private float mInitialMotionX;
private float mInitialMotionY;
private int mDragRange;
private int mTop;
private float mDragOffset;
public YoutubeLayout(Context context) {
this(context, null);
}
public YoutubeLayout(Context context, AttributeSet attrs) {
this(context, attrs, 0);
}
@Override
protected void onFinishInflate() {
mHeaderView = findViewById(R.id.viewHeader);
mDescView = findViewById(R.id.viewDesc);
}
public YoutubeLayout(Context context, AttributeSet attrs, int defStyle) {
super(context, attrs, defStyle);
mDragHelper = ViewDragHelper.create(this, 1f, new DragHelperCallback());
}
public void maximize() {
smoothSlideTo(0f);
}
boolean smoothSlideTo(float slideOffset) {
final int topBound = getPaddingTop();
int y = (int) (topBound + slideOffset * mDragRange);
if (mDragHelper.smoothSlideViewTo(mHeaderView, mHeaderView.getLeft(), y)) {
ViewCompat.postInvalidateOnAnimation(this);
return true;
}
return false;
}
private class DragHelperCallback extends ViewDragHelper.Callback {
@Override
public boolean tryCaptureView(View child, int pointerId) {
return child == mHeaderView;
}
@Override
public void onViewPositionChanged(View changedView, int left, int top, int dx, int dy) {
mTop = top;
mDragOffset = (float) top / mDragRange;
mHeaderView.setPivotX(mHeaderView.getWidth());
mHeaderView.setPivotY(mHeaderView.getHeight());
mHeaderView.setScaleX(1 - mDragOffset / 2);
mHeaderView.setScaleY(1 - mDragOffset / 2);
mDescView.setAlpha(1 - mDragOffset);
requestLayout();
}
@Override
public void onViewReleased(View releasedChild, float xvel, float yvel) {
int top = getPaddingTop();
if (yvel > 0 || (yvel == 0 && mDragOffset > 0.5f)) {
top += mDragRange;
}
mDragHelper.settleCapturedViewAt(releasedChild.getLeft(), top);
}
@Override
public int getViewVerticalDragRange(View child) {
return mDragRange;
}
@Override
public int clampViewPositionVertical(View child, int top, int dy) {
final int topBound = getPaddingTop();
final int bottomBound = getHeight() - mHeaderView.getHeight() - mHeaderView.getPaddingBottom();
final int newTop = Math.min(Math.max(top, topBound), bottomBound);
return newTop;
}
}
@Override
public void computeScroll() {
if (mDragHelper.continueSettling(true)) {
ViewCompat.postInvalidateOnAnimation(this);
}
}
@Override
public boolean onInterceptTouchEvent(MotionEvent ev) {
final int action = MotionEventCompat.getActionMasked(ev);
if (( action != MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN)) {
mDragHelper.cancel();
return super.onInterceptTouchEvent(ev);
}
if (action == MotionEvent.ACTION_CANCEL || action == MotionEvent.ACTION_UP) {
mDragHelper.cancel();
return false;
}
final float x = ev.getX();
final float y = ev.getY();
boolean interceptTap = false;
switch (action) {
case MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN: {
mInitialMotionX = x;
mInitialMotionY = y;
interceptTap = mDragHelper.isViewUnder(mHeaderView, (int) x, (int) y);
break;
}
case MotionEvent.ACTION_MOVE: {
final float adx = Math.abs(x - mInitialMotionX);
final float ady = Math.abs(y - mInitialMotionY);
final int slop = mDragHelper.getTouchSlop();
if (ady > slop && adx > ady) {
mDragHelper.cancel();
return false;
}
}
}
return mDragHelper.shouldInterceptTouchEvent(ev) || interceptTap;
}
@Override
public boolean onTouchEvent(MotionEvent ev) {
mDragHelper.processTouchEvent(ev);
final int action = ev.getAction();
final float x = ev.getX();
final float y = ev.getY();
boolean isHeaderViewUnder = mDragHelper.isViewUnder(mHeaderView, (int) x, (int) y);
switch (action & MotionEventCompat.ACTION_MASK) {
case MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN: {
mInitialMotionX = x;
mInitialMotionY = y;
break;
}
case MotionEvent.ACTION_UP: {
final float dx = x - mInitialMotionX;
final float dy = y - mInitialMotionY;
final int slop = mDragHelper.getTouchSlop();
if (dx * dx + dy * dy < slop * slop && isHeaderViewUnder) {
if (mDragOffset == 0) {
smoothSlideTo(1f);
} else {
smoothSlideTo(0f);
}
}
break;
}
}
return isHeaderViewUnder && isViewHit(mHeaderView, (int) x, (int) y) || isViewHit(mDescView, (int) x, (int) y);
}
private boolean isViewHit(View view, int x, int y) {
int[] viewLocation = new int[2];
view.getLocationOnScreen(viewLocation);
int[] parentLocation = new int[2];
this.getLocationOnScreen(parentLocation);
int screenX = parentLocation[0] + x;
int screenY = parentLocation[1] + y;
return screenX >= viewLocation[0] && screenX < viewLocation[0] + view.getWidth() &&
screenY >= viewLocation[1] && screenY < viewLocation[1] + view.getHeight();
}
@Override
protected void onMeasure(int widthMeasureSpec, int heightMeasureSpec) {
measureChildren(widthMeasureSpec, heightMeasureSpec);
int maxWidth = MeasureSpec.getSize(widthMeasureSpec);
int maxHeight = MeasureSpec.getSize(heightMeasureSpec);
setMeasuredDimension(resolveSizeAndState(maxWidth, widthMeasureSpec, 0),
resolveSizeAndState(maxHeight, heightMeasureSpec, 0));
}
@Override
protected void onLayout(boolean changed, int l, int t, int r, int b) {
mDragRange = getHeight() - mHeaderView.getHeight();
mHeaderView.layout(
0,
mTop,
r,
mTop + mHeaderView.getMeasuredHeight());
mDescView.layout(
0,
mTop + mHeaderView.getMeasuredHeight(),
r,
mTop  + b);
}