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[LeetCode] Binary Tree Upside Down 二叉树的上下颠倒

2016-01-31 08:59 316 查看
Given a binary tree where all the right nodes are either leaf nodes with a sibling (a left node that shares the same parent node) or empty, flip it upside down and turn it into a tree where the original right nodes turned into left leaf nodes. Return the new root.

For example:

Given a binary tree {1,2,3,4,5},

1

/ \

2 3

/ \

4 5

return the root of the binary tree [4,5,2,#,#,3,1].

4

/ \

5 2

/ \

3 1

这道题让我们把一棵二叉树上下颠倒一下,而且限制了右节点要么为空要么一定会有对应的左节点。上下颠倒后原来二叉树的最左子节点变成了根节点,其对应的右节点变成了其左子节点,其父节点变成了其右子节点,相当于顺时针旋转了一下。对于一般树的题都会有迭代和递归两种解法,这道题也不例外,那么我们先来看看递归的解法。对于一个根节点来说,我们的目标是将其左子节点变为根节点,右子节点变为左子节点,原根节点变为右子节点,那么我们首先判断这个根节点是否存在,且其有没有左子节点,如果不满足这两个条件的话,直接返回即可,不需要翻转操作。那么我们不停的对左子节点调用递归函数,直到到达最左子节点开始翻转,翻转好最左子节点后,开始回到上一个左子节点继续翻转即可,直至翻转完整棵树,参见代码如下:

解法一:

// Recursion
class Solution {
public:
TreeNode *upsideDownBinaryTree(TreeNode *root) {
if (!root || !root->left) return root;
TreeNode *l = root->left, *r = root->right;
TreeNode *res = upsideDownBinaryTree(l);
l->left = r;
l->right = root;
root->left = NULL;
root->right = NULL;
return res;
}
};


下面我们来看迭代的方法,和递归方法相反的时,这个是从上往下开始翻转,直至翻转到最左子节点,参见代码如下:

解法二:

// Iterative
class Solution {
public:
TreeNode *upsideDownBinaryTree(TreeNode *root) {
TreeNode *cur = root, *pre = NULL, *next = NULL, *tmp = NULL;
while (cur) {
next = cur->left;
cur->left = tmp;
tmp = cur->right;
cur->right = pre;
pre = cur;
cur = next;
}
return pre;
}
};


参考资料:

https://leetcode.com/discuss/18410/easy-o-n-iteration-solution-java

https://leetcode.com/discuss/52414/c-recursive-solution-easy-understanding

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