Python学习笔记（5），Battleship 游戏

1.建立“海洋”：一个5*5的网格，每个格子里面的元素均为‘O’，可以使用list来产生5个O，

board=[]
for item in range(5):
board.append(['O']*5)
print board

但是这样显示的结果是一行，并非我们想要的 5*5：

[['O', 'O', 'O', 'O', 'O'], ['O', 'O', 'O', 'O', 'O'], ['O', 'O', 'O', 'O', 'O'], ['O', 'O', 'O', 'O', 'O'], ['O', 'O', 'O', 'O', 'O']]

可以使用for循环来换行：

board=[]
for item in range(5):
board.append(['O']*5)
def print_board(board):
for row in board:
print row
print_board(board)

结果是已经分行了：

['O', 'O', 'O', 'O', 'O']
['O', 'O', 'O', 'O', 'O']
['O', 'O', 'O', 'O', 'O']
['O', 'O', 'O', 'O', 'O']
['O', 'O', 'O', 'O', 'O']

但是这也是很不美观，如果能把引号和方括号去掉就更好了，python可以使用 .join的方法：

letters = ['a', 'b', 'c', 'd']

print " ".join(letters)
print "---".join(letters)[/code]
可以分别打出

a b c d

，以及

a---b---c---d

board=[]
for item in range(5):
board.append(['O']*5)
def print_board(board):
for row in board:
print " ".join(row)
print_board(board)

结果明显好了很多：

O O O O O
O O O O O
O O O O O
O O O O O
O O O O O

2. 藏战舰,找战舰：

from random import randint

board = []

for x in range(0, 5):
board.append(["O"] * 5)

def print_board(board):
for row in board:
print " ".join(row)

print_board(board)

def random_row(board):
return randint(0, len(board) - 1)

def random_col(board):
return randint(0, len(board[0]) - 1)

ship_row = random_row(board)
ship_col = random_col(board)
guess_row = int(raw_input("Guess Row:"))         #input和rawinput有区别，两者都是内置函数
guess_col = int(raw_input("Guess Col:"))

print ship_row
print ship_col

# Write your code below!
if guess_row==ship_row and guess_col==ship_col:       #如果猜的和随机给予的位置相同，则游戏成功
print "Congratulations! You sank my battleship"

else:
if guess_row not in range(5) or \
guess_col not in range(5):             #如果猜的数字不在范围内，则报错
print "Oops, that's not even in the ocean."
elif board[guess_row][guess_col]=='X':  #如果猜过了，则报错
print "You guessed that one already."
else:
print "You missed my battleship!"
board[guess_row][guess_col]="X"    #把一个list的某一个元素改成另一个元素，则利用list[i][j]来
print_board(board)

3.最终，以及测试：

from random import randint

board = []

for x in range(5):
board.append(["O"] * 5)

def print_board(board):
for row in board:
print " ".join(row)

print "Let's play Battleship!"
print_board(board)

def random_row(board):
return randint(0, len(board) - 1)

def random_col(board):
return randint(0, len(board[0]) - 1)

ship_row = random_row(board)
ship_col = random_col(board)
print ship_row
print ship_col

# Everything from here on should go in your for loop!
# Be sure to indent four spaces!
for Turn in range(4):
print "Turn: "Turn+1 #由于range（4）是从0~3，因此第n轮需要显示的是n+1

guess_row = int(raw_input("Guess Row:"))
guess_col = int(raw_input("Guess Col:"))

if guess_row == ship_row and guess_col == ship_col:
print "Congratulations! You sunk my battleship!"
break   #如果赢了就退出
else:
if (guess_row < 0 or guess_row > 4) or (guess_col < 0 or guess_col > 4):
print "Oops, that's not even in the ocean."
elif(board[guess_row][guess_col] == "X"):
print "You guessed that one already."
else:
print "You missed my battleship!"
board[guess_row][guess_col] = "X"
# Print (turn + 1) here!
print_board(board)
if Turn==3:
print "Game Over" #game over放在所有错误的这个else里面，因为如果第四次还进入错误，则游戏输了

4.可以根据需要把游戏变得复杂一点，

比如增加一艘船，但是两艘船的位置又不能重合；

有如将其变成两个人的游戏；

又如将船的尺寸变大，此时要考虑船身其中一点在在海洋里，另一点又在海洋外；