android开发(45) 自定义软键盘（输入法）

概述

　　在项目开发中遇到一个需求，”只要数字键盘的输入，仅仅有大写字母的输入，某些输入法总是会提示更新，弹出广告等“，使得我们需要自定义输入。

关联到的知识　

KeyboardView 一个视图对象，展示了键盘。它需要关联到一个 Keyboard对象才能展示。

Keyboard 键盘对象，通过加载xml的配置获得键盘的排列。

xml 文件键盘描述 一个xml文件，放置在 xml 资源文件夹下，描述了 显示的键盘按钮，和排列，键盘宽度和高度等。

具体实现

　　准备xml键盘描述文件

　　　　在xml文件夹下创建文件，下面的代码中使用 “ 33%p” 这样的单位指定一定的 百分比，以适配屏幕，详细内容如下：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><!-- 数字键盘 -->
<Keyboard xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:horizontalGap="0dp"
android:keyHeight="61dp"
android:keyWidth="33%p"
android:verticalGap="0dp">
<Row>
<Key
android:codes="49"
android:keyEdgeFlags="left"
android:keyLabel="1" />
<Key
android:codes="50"
android:keyLabel="2" />
<Key
android:codes="51"
android:keyLabel="3" />
</Row>
<Row>
<Key
android:codes="52"
android:keyEdgeFlags="left"
android:keyLabel="4" />
<Key
android:codes="53"
android:keyLabel="5" />
<Key
android:codes="54"
android:keyLabel="6" />
</Row>
<Row>
<Key
android:codes="55"
android:keyEdgeFlags="left"
android:keyLabel="7" />
<Key
android:codes="56"
android:keyLabel="8" />
<Key
android:codes="57"
android:keyLabel="9" />
</Row>
<Row>
<Key
android:codes="48"
android:keyEdgeFlags="left"
android:keyLabel="0" />
<Key
android:codes="-5"
android:isRepeatable="true"
android:keyIcon="@drawable/keyboard_delete"
android:keyWidth="66%p" />
</Row>
</Keyboard>

　　创建Keyboard对象

　　　　要先配置好xml文件，在构造方法里传入上面的xml文件

this.keyboard = new Keyboard(mActivity, R.xml.small_keyboard);

　　构造KeyboardView

　　　　keyboardView 对象可以在 xml 中描述，类似下面这样

　　

<android.inputmethodservice.KeyboardView
android:id="@+id/keyboard_view"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_gravity="center"
android:background="@android:color/transparent"
android:focusable="true"
android:focusableInTouchMode="true"
android:keyBackground="@drawable/keyboard_key"
android:keyTextColor="@color/white"
android:keyTextSize="@dimen/sp_32"
android:visibility="visible" />

　　　　获得 KeyboardView并进行配置，需要关联到具体的 keyboard 对象

KeyboardView keyboardView = (KeyboardView) viewContainer.findViewById(R.id.keyboard_view);
this.keyboardView = keyboardView;
this.keyboardView.setKeyboard(keyboard);
this.keyboardView.setEnabled(true);
this.keyboardView.setPreviewEnabled(false);
this.keyboardView.setOnKeyboardActionListener(listener2);

　　

　　 隐藏系统自带的键盘

　　　　　　根据android系统的版本的不同，有不同的方法，需要利用反射，见代码：

/**
* 隐藏系统键盘
*
* @param editText
*/
public static void hideSystemSofeKeyboard(EditText editText) {
int sdkInt = Build.VERSION.SDK_INT;
if (sdkInt >= 11) {
try {
Class<EditText> cls = EditText.class;
Method setShowSoftInputOnFocus;
setShowSoftInputOnFocus = cls.getMethod("setShowSoftInputOnFocus", boolean.class);
setShowSoftInputOnFocus.setAccessible(true);
setShowSoftInputOnFocus.invoke(editText, false);

} catch (SecurityException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (NoSuchMethodException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
} else {
editText.setInputType(InputType.TYPE_NULL);
}
}

　　从底部弹出键盘


　　输入法需要从页面底部向上弹出，需要一个过渡动画，android每个页面都有一个window,window包含了一个getDecorView 根视图，我们要把键盘的视图添加到这个根视图下，配合动画出现键盘。

　　　　

public void showSoftKeyboard() {

if (viewContainer == null) {
viewContainer = mActivity.getLayoutInflater().inflate(R.layout.keyboardview_layout, null);
} else {
if (viewContainer.getParent() != null)
return;
}

FrameLayout frameLayout = (FrameLayout) mActivity.getWindow().getDecorView();
KeyboardView keyboardView = (KeyboardView) viewContainer.findViewById(R.id.keyboard_view);
this.keyboardView = keyboardView;
this.keyboardView.setKeyboard(keyboard);
this.keyboardView.setEnabled(true);
this.keyboardView.setPreviewEnabled(false);
this.keyboardView.setOnKeyboardActionListener(listener2);

FrameLayout.LayoutParams lp = new FrameLayout.LayoutParams(FrameLayout.LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT, FrameLayout.LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT);
lp.gravity = Gravity.BOTTOM;
frameLayout.addView(viewContainer, lp);
//viewContainer.setVisibility(View.GONE);
viewContainer.setAnimation(AnimationUtils.loadAnimation(mActivity, R.anim.down_to_up));
}

完整的代码如下：

package vir56k.democustomkeyboard;

import android.app.Activity;
import android.inputmethodservice.Keyboard;
import android.inputmethodservice.KeyboardView;
import android.inputmethodservice.KeyboardView.OnKeyboardActionListener;
import android.os.Build;
import android.text.Editable;
import android.text.InputType;
import android.text.TextUtils;
import android.view.Gravity;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.ViewGroup;
import android.view.animation.AnimationUtils;
import android.widget.EditText;
import android.widget.FrameLayout;

import java.lang.reflect.Method;

public class PopupKeyboardUtil {
private Activity mActivity;

private KeyboardView keyboardView;
private Keyboard keyboard;// 全键盘包括数字和字母

private EditText editText1;

public PopupKeyboardUtil(Activity mActivity) {
this.mActivity = mActivity;
this.keyboard = new Keyboard(mActivity, R.xml.small_keyboard);
}

public void attachTo(EditText editText, boolean isAuto) {
this.editText1 = editText;
hideSystemSofeKeyboard(this.editText1);
setAutoShowOnFocs(isAuto);
}

public void setAutoShowOnFocs(boolean enable) {
if (editText1 == null)
return;
if (enable)
editText1.setOnFocusChangeListener(onFocusChangeListener1);
else
editText1.setOnFocusChangeListener(null);
}

View.OnFocusChangeListener onFocusChangeListener1 = new View.OnFocusChangeListener() {
@Override
public void onFocusChange(View v, boolean hasFocus) {
if (hasFocus)
showSoftKeyboard();
else
hideSoftKeyboard();
}
};

View viewContainer;

public void showSoftKeyboard() {

if (viewContainer == null) {
viewContainer = mActivity.getLayoutInflater().inflate(R.layout.keyboardview_layout, null);
} else {
if (viewContainer.getParent() != null)
return;
}

FrameLayout frameLayout = (FrameLayout) mActivity.getWindow().getDecorView();
KeyboardView keyboardView = (KeyboardView) viewContainer.findViewById(R.id.keyboard_view);
this.keyboardView = keyboardView;
this.keyboardView.setKeyboard(keyboard);
this.keyboardView.setEnabled(true);
this.keyboardView.setPreviewEnabled(false);
this.keyboardView.setOnKeyboardActionListener(listener2);

FrameLayout.LayoutParams lp = new FrameLayout.LayoutParams(FrameLayout.LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT, FrameLayout.LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT);
lp.gravity = Gravity.BOTTOM;
frameLayout.addView(viewContainer, lp);
//viewContainer.setVisibility(View.GONE);
viewContainer.setAnimation(AnimationUtils.loadAnimation(mActivity, R.anim.down_to_up));
}

public void hideSoftKeyboard() {
if (viewContainer != null && viewContainer.getParent() != null) {
((ViewGroup) viewContainer.getParent()).removeView(viewContainer);
}
}

public boolean isShowing() {
if (viewContainer == null)
return false;
return viewContainer.getVisibility() == View.VISIBLE;
}

/**
* 隐藏系统键盘
*
* @param editText
*/
public static void hideSystemSofeKeyboard(EditText editText) {
int sdkInt = Build.VERSION.SDK_INT;
if (sdkInt >= 11) {
try {
Class<EditText> cls = EditText.class;
Method setShowSoftInputOnFocus;
setShowSoftInputOnFocus = cls.getMethod("setShowSoftInputOnFocus", boolean.class);
setShowSoftInputOnFocus.setAccessible(true);
setShowSoftInputOnFocus.invoke(editText, false);

} catch (SecurityException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (NoSuchMethodException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
} else {
editText.setInputType(InputType.TYPE_NULL);
}
}

private OnKeyboardActionListener listener2 = new OnKeyboardActionListener() {
@Override
public void swipeUp() {
}

@Override
public void swipeRight() {
}

@Override
public void swipeLeft() {
}

@Override
public void swipeDown() {
}

@Override
public void onText(CharSequence text) {
}

@Override
public void onRelease(int primaryCode) {
}

@Override
public void onPress(int primaryCode) {
}

@Override
public void onKey(int primaryCode, int[] keyCodes) {
if (editText1 != null) {
keyCode_delect(primaryCode, editText1);
}
keyboardView.postInvalidate();
}
};

/**
* 判断回退键 和大小写切换
*
* @param primaryCode
* @param edText
*/
private void keyCode_delect(int primaryCode, EditText edText) {

Editable editable = edText.getText();
int start = edText.getSelectionStart();
if (primaryCode == Keyboard.KEYCODE_DELETE) {// 回退
if (edText.hasFocus()) {
if (!TextUtils.isEmpty(editable)) {
if (start > 0) {
editable.delete(start - 1, start);
}
}
}

} else if (primaryCode == Keyboard.KEYCODE_SHIFT) {// 大小写切换
keyboardView.setKeyboard(keyboard);
} else {
if (edText.hasFocus()) {
editable.insert(start, Character.toString((char) primaryCode));
}
}
}

}

功能完成后，具体调用的演示：

package vir56k.democustomkeyboard;

import android.app.Activity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.EditText;

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
EditText edittext1;
PopupKeyboardUtil smallKeyboardUtil;
private View viewContainer;

@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

edittext1 = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.edittext1);

smallKeyboardUtil = new PopupKeyboardUtil(self());
smallKeyboardUtil.attachTo(edittext1, false);
//smallKeyboardUtil.setAutoShowOnFocs(false);
}

public void onClickView(View view) {
if (view.getId() == R.id.btn1)
smallKeyboardUtil.showSoftKeyboard();
if (view.getId() == R.id.btn2)
smallKeyboardUtil.hideSoftKeyboard();

}

private Activity self() {
return this;
}
}

完整的代码下载：

https://github.com/vir56k/demo/tree/master/demo.customkeyboard