HLS系统快速部署指南

作者：阿宝

版本：1.0.0

日期：2015-06-10

介绍

在开源环境下，实现HLS直播系统，较为常见的有两种方式，nginx+nginx-rtmp-module 或 SRS，这里采用前者，同时配合ffmpeg来实现。

本文是在 武爱敏博客 的基础上补充完善而成，在此一并表示感谢。goto

环境

系统：CentOS 6.6 x64

软件：

yasm-1.3.0

x264-201506

lame-3.99.5

libogg-1.3.2

libvorbis-1.3.5

libvpx-201506

faad2-2.7

faac-1.28

xvidcore-1.3.2

ffmpeg-201506

nginx-1.8.0

nginx-rtmp-module-1.1.7

openssl-0.9.8zf

简易编译安装

为了简化安装的流程，此处提供一个一键安装包 goto，访问密码 00a8

包含：

所有需要安装的软件包（faac的bug已经修复）

一键安装脚本（shell）

测试用配置文件（nginx.conf）

su -
unzip HLSEasyInstall.zip
cd HLSEasyInstall
chmod *.sh
./install.sh

编译安装

安装依赖包

yum -y install gcc gcc-c++ glibc glibc-devel make nasm pkgconfig lib-devel openssl-devel expat-devel gettext-devel libtool mhash.x86_64 perl-Digest-SHA1.x86_64 git

注：lib-devel 可能找不到，并不影响安装，忽略。

安装FFmpeg及其依赖包

添加 /usr/local/lib 到系统库目录

cat /etc/ld.so.conf
echo "/usr/local/lib" >> /etc/ld.so.conf
cat /etc/ld.so.conf
ldconfig

Yasm （Linux 下 NASM 汇编器，支持 x86 和 AMD64）

wget -c http://www.tortall.net/projects/yasm/releases/yasm-1.3.0.tar.gz -O yasm-1.3.0.tar.gz
tar zxvf yasm-1.3.0.tar.gz
cd yasm-1.3.0
./configure
make
make install

x264 （H264 编码器）

git clone git://git.videolan.org/x264
#tar xcvf x264.tar.gz x264
tar zxvf x264.tar.gz
cd x264
./configure --enable-shared
make
make install

LAME （MP3 编码器）

wget -c http://downloads.sourceforge.net/project/lame/lame/3.99/lame-3.99.5.tar.gz tar zxvf lame-3.99.5.tar.gz
cd lame-3.99.5
./configure --enable-nasm
make
make install

liboog （Ogg 解码器）

wget -c http://downloads.xiph.org/releases/ogg/libogg-1.3.2.tar.gz tar zxvf libogg-1.3.2.tar.gz
cd libogg-1.3.2
./configure
make
make install

libvorbis （音频编码解码库）

wget -c http://downloads.xiph.org/releases/vorbis/libvorbis-1.3.5.tar.gz tar zxvf libvorbis-1.3.5.tar.gz
cd libvorbis-1.3.5
./configure
make
make install

libvpx （VP8/VP9 编码解码器）

git clone http://git.chromium.org/webm/libvpx.git #tar xcvf libvpx.tar.gz libvpx
#tar zxvf libvpx.tar.gz
cd libvpx
./configure  --enable-shared
make
make install

FAAD2 （AAC 解码器）

wget -c http://downloads.sourceforge.net/faac/faad2-2.7.tar.gz tar zxvf faad2-2.7.tar.gz
cd faad2-2.7
./configure
make
make install

FAAC （AAC 编码器）

wget -c http://downloads.sourceforge.net/faac/faac-1.28.tar.gz tar zxvf faac-1.28-bugfix.tar.gz
cd faac-1.28
./configure
make
make install

【错误处理】
编译FAAC-1.28时遇到错误：
mpeg4ip.h:126: error: new declaration ‘char* strcasestr(const char*, const char*)’

解决方法：
从123行开始修改此文件 *./common/mp4v2/mpeg4ip.h*，到129行结束。
修改前：
#ifdef __cplusplus
extern "C" {
#endif
char *strcasestr(const char *haystack, const char *needle);
#ifdef __cplusplus
}
#endif

修改后：
#ifdef __cplusplus
extern "C++" {
#endif
const char *strcasestr(const char *haystack, const char *needle);
#ifdef __cplusplus
}
#endif

Xvid （MPEG-4 视频编码解码器）

wget -c http://downloads.xvid.org/downloads/xvidcore-1.3.2.tar.gz tar zxvf xvidcore-1.3.2.tar.gz
cd xvidcore/build/generic
./configure
make
make install

FFmpeg （多功能音视频库）

git clone git://source.ffmpeg.org/ffmpeg
cd ffmpeg
./configure  --prefix=/opt/ffmpeg/ --enable-version3  --enable-libvpx --enable-libfaac --enable-libmp3lame  --enable-libvorbis --enable-libx264 --enable-libxvid --enable-shared --enable-gpl --enable-postproc --enable-nonfree  --enable-avfilter --enable-pthreads
make
make install

添加 /opt/ffmpeg/lib 到系统库目录

cat /etc/ld.so.conf
echo "/opt/ffmpeg/lib" >> /etc/ld.so.conf
cat /etc/ld.so.conf
ldconfig

验证 FFmpeg

/opt/ffmpeg/bin/ffmpeg

Nginx + nginx-rtmp-module （Web 服务器，RTMP服务器）

yum install -y gcc gcc-c++ make openssl-devel pcre pcre-devel
wget -c http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.8.0.tar.gz tar xzvf nginx-1.8.0.tar.gz
wget -c https://github.com/arut/nginx-rtmp-module/archive/v1.1.7.tar.gz -O nginx-rtmp-module-1.1.7.tar.gz
tar xzvf nginx-rtmp-module-1.1.7.tar.gz
cd nginx-1.8.0
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --with-http_ssl_module --add-module=/opt/nginx-rtmp-module-1.1.7
make
make install

验证 Nginx

# run nginx
/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -c /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf

# web server
wget http://localhost[/code] 
更换 nginx.conf 

#user  nobody;
worker_processes  1;

#pid        logs/nginx.pid;

events {
worker_connections  1024;
}

rtmp {

server {

listen 1935;

chunk_size 4000;

application live {
live on;
}

# TV mode: one publisher, many subscribers
application mytv {

# enable live streaming
live on;

# record first 1K of stream
record all;
record_path /tmp/av;
record_max_size 1K;

# append current timestamp to each flv
record_unique on;

# publish only from localhost
allow publish 127.0.0.1;
deny publish all;

#allow play all;
}

# Transcoding (ffmpeg needed)
application big {
live on;

# On every pusblished stream run this command (ffmpeg)
# with substitutions: $app/${app}, $name/${name} for application & stream name.
#
# This ffmpeg call receives stream from this application &
# reduces the resolution down to 32x32. The stream is the published to
# 'small' application (see below) under the same name.
#
# ffmpeg can do anything with the stream like video/audio
# transcoding, resizing, altering container/codec params etc
#
# Multiple exec lines can be specified.

exec /opt/ffmpeg/bin/ffmpeg -re -i rtmp://localhost:1935/$app/$name -vcodec flv -acodec copy -s 160x120
-f flv rtmp://localhost:1935/small/${name};
}

application small {
live on;
# Video with reduced resolution comes here from ffmpeg
}

application webcam {
live on;

# Stream from local webcam
exec_static /opt/ffmpeg/bin/ffmpeg -f video4linux2 -i /dev/video0 -c:v libx264 -an
-f flv rtmp://localhost:1935/webcam/mystream;
}

application mypush {
live on;

# Every stream published here
# is automatically pushed to
# these two machines
##push rtmp1.example.com;
##push rtmp2.example.com:1934;
}

application mypull {
live on;

# Pull all streams from remote machine
# and play locally
##pull rtmp://rtmp3.example.com pageUrl=www.example.com/index.html;
}

application mystaticpull {
live on;

# Static pull is started at nginx start
##pull rtmp://rtmp4.example.com pageUrl=www.example.com/index.html name=mystream static;
}

# video on demand
application vod {
play /var/flvs;
}

application vod2 {
play /var/mp4s;
}

# Many publishers, many subscribers
# no checks, no recording
application videochat {

live on;

# The following notifications receive all
# the session variables as well as
# particular call arguments in HTTP POST
# request

# Make HTTP request & use HTTP retcode
# to decide whether to allow publishing
# from this connection or not
on_publish http://localhost:8080/publish; 
# Same with playing
on_play http://localhost:8080/play; 
# Publish/play end (repeats on disconnect)
on_done http://localhost:8080/done; 
# All above mentioned notifications receive
# standard connect() arguments as well as
# play/publish ones. If any arguments are sent
# with GET-style syntax to play & publish
# these are also included.
# Example URL:
#   rtmp://localhost/myapp/mystream?a=b&c=d

# record 10 video keyframes (no audio) every 2 minutes
record keyframes;
record_path /tmp/vc;
record_max_frames 10;
record_interval 2m;

# Async notify about an flv recorded
on_record_done http://localhost:8080/record_done; 
}

# HLS

# For HLS to work please create a directory in tmpfs (/tmp/hls here)
# for the fragments. The directory contents is served via HTTP (see
# http{} section in config)
#
# Incoming stream must be in H264/AAC. For iPhones use baseline H264
# profile (see ffmpeg example).
# This example creates RTMP stream from movie ready for HLS:
#
# ffmpeg -loglevel verbose -re -i movie.avi  -vcodec libx264
#    -vprofile baseline -acodec libmp3lame -ar 44100 -ac 1
#    -f flv rtmp://localhost:1935/hls/movie
#
# If you need to transcode live stream use 'exec' feature.
#
application hls {
live on;
hls on;
hls_path /tmp/hls;
hls_fragment 2s;
hls_playlist_length 6s;
}

# MPEG-DASH is similar to HLS
application dash {
live on;
dash on;
dash_path /tmp/dash;
}
}
}

# HTTP can be used for accessing RTMP stats
http {

server {

listen      80;

# This URL provides RTMP statistics in XML
location /stat {
rtmp_stat all;

# Use this stylesheet to view XML as web page
# in browser
rtmp_stat_stylesheet stat.xsl;
}

location /stat.xsl {
# XML stylesheet to view RTMP stats.
# Copy stat.xsl wherever you want
# and put the full directory path here
root /path/to/stat.xsl/;
}

location /hls {
# Serve HLS fragments
types {
application/vnd.apple.mpegurl m3u8;
video/mp2t ts;
}
root /tmp;
add_header Cache-Control no-cache;
}

location /dash {
# Serve DASH fragments
root /tmp;
add_header Cache-Control no-cache;
}
}
}


验证 RTMP 

使用标准推流工具 FMLE，推送RTMP流到URL

rtmp://x.x.x.x:1935/live/stream


使用 FastPlay 播放RTMP流 goto

Server:rtmp://x.x.x.x:1935/live
Stream:stream


验证 HLS

使用标准推流工具 FMLE，推送RTMP流到URL

rtmp://x.x.x.x:1935/hls/stream


使用 VLC 播放 HLS 流 goto

打开网络串流，URL

http://120.26.109.136/hls/stream.m3u8


验证 FFmpeg

推送流 rtmp://x.x.x.x:1935/big/stream

播放流 rtmp://x.x.x.x:1935/small/stream

此处使用 FFmpeg 把 big 的视频流的分辨率（建议使用320*240以上分辨率，方便查看效果）转换为 160*120，并重新发布到 small 流

使用标准推流工具 FMLE，推送RTMP流到URL

rtmp://x.x.x.x:1935/big/stream


使用 FastPlay 播放RTMP流 goto

Server:rtmp://x.x.x.x:1935/small
Stream:stream


参考资料

使用Nginx+FFMPEG搭建HLS直播转码服务器 goto

nginx+nginx-rtmp-module+ffmpeg搭建流媒体服务器 goto

Nginx 的启动、停止、平滑重启、信号控制和平滑升级 goto