mysql高可用方案之MHA

环境规划:
节点说明 主机名 IP地址
管理节点 tong3 192.168.1.249
主节点 tong2 192.168.1.248
主节点　 tong1 192.168.1.247

mysql dba技术群 378190849
武汉-linux运维群 236415619

1.网络和主机名配置

设置每个主机的ＩＰ地址和/etc/hosts文件互相解析

[root@tong1 ~]# cat /etc/hosts
192.168.1.247 tong1
192.168.1.248 tong2
192.168.1.249 tong3
[root@tong1 ~]# ping tong1 -c1 --网络必须ping通
PING tong1 (192.168.1.247) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from localhost (192.168.1.247): icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.021 ms

--- tong1 ping statistics ---
1 packets transmitted, 1 received, 0% packet loss, time 0ms
rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.021/0.021/0.021/0.000 ms
[root@tong1 ~]# ping tong2 -c1
PING tong2 (192.168.1.248) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from tong2 (192.168.1.248): icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.109 ms

--- tong2 ping statistics ---
1 packets transmitted, 1 received, 0% packet loss, time 0ms
rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.109/0.109/0.109/0.000 ms
[root@tong1 ~]# ping tong3 -c1
PING tong3 (192.168.1.249) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from tong3 (192.168.1.249): icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.124 ms

--- tong3 ping statistics ---
1 packets transmitted, 1 received, 0% packet loss, time 0ms
rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.124/0.124/0.124/0.000 ms
[root@tong1 ~]#

2.安装mha管理软件mha manager

tong3管理节点:
[root@tong3 ~]# yum install perl-DBD-MySQL cpan　 --安装perl工具
[root@tong3 ~]# tar xvf mha4mysql-manager-0.53.tar.gz -C /usr/local/
[root@tong3 ~]# cd /usr/local/mha4mysql-manager-0.53/
[root@tong3 mha4mysql-manager-0.53]# perl Makefile.PL
[root@tong3 mha4mysql-manager-0.53]# echo $?
0
[root@tong3 mha4mysql-manager-0.53]# make && make install
[root@tong3 mha4mysql-manager-0.53]# echo $?
0
[root@tong3 mha4mysql-manager-0.53]#

3.在各数据节点安装mha node
[root@tong2 ~]# tar xvf mha4mysql-node-0.53.tar.gz
[root@tong2 ~]# cd mha4mysql-node-0.53
[root@tong2 mha4mysql-node-0.53]# yum install perl-DBD-mysql cpan -y

[root@tong2 mha4mysql-node-0.53]# perl Makefile.PL
[root@tong2 mha4mysql-node-0.53]# make && make install
[root@tong2 mha4mysql-node-0.53]# echo $?
0
[root@tong2 mha4mysql-node-0.53]#

4.各节点ssh互相信任
[root@tong3 ~]# ssh-keygen -t dsa
[root@tong3 ~]# cd .ssh

[root@tong3 .ssh]# cat id_dsa.pub > authorized_keys
[root@tong3 .ssh]# scp 192.168.1.247:/root/.ssh/id_dsa.pub 247
[root@tong3 .ssh]# scp 192.168.1.248:/root/.ssh/id_dsa.pub 248
[root@tong3 .ssh]# cat 248 247 >> authorized_keys
[root@tong3 .ssh]# scp authorized_keys 192.168.1.248:/root/.ssh/
authorized_keys 100% 1800 1.8KB/s 00:00
[root@tong3 .ssh]# scp authorized_keys 192.168.1.247:/root/.ssh/
root@192.168.1.247's password:
authorized_keys 100% 1800 1.8KB/s 00:00
[root@tong3 .ssh]# ssh tong1 date
Tue Apr 28 12:57:02 CST 2015
[root@tong3 .ssh]# ssh tong2 date
Tue Apr 28 12:59:57 CST 2015
[root@tong3 .ssh]# ssh tong3 date
Tue Apr 28 12:57:25 CST 2015
[root@tong3 .ssh]#

5.在管理节点编辑配置文件
[root@tong3 .ssh]# mkdir /etc/mysqlmha
[root@tong3 .ssh]# cd /etc/mysqlmha/
[root@tong3 mysqlmha]# cp -a /usr/local/mha4mysql-manager-0.53/samples/* .
[root@tong3 mysqlmha]# vim conf/app1.cnf
[server default]
manager_workdir=/var/log/masterha/app1
manager_log=/var/log/masterha/app1/manager.log
user=root1 --远程登陆用户
password=system
ssh_user=root
repl_user=repl_user --复制用户
repl_password=system!#%246
ping_interval=1 --心跳检测

[server1]
hostname=192.168.1.249
master_binlog_dir="/usr/local/mysql-5.6.23/data/"
# candidate_master=1
no_master=1 --不能切换成主数据库

[server2]
hostname=192.168.1.248
master_binlog_dir="/usr/local/mysql-5.6.23/data/" --二进制日志文件存放
candidate_master=1 --可以切换成主数据库

[server4]
hostname=192.168.1.247
master_binlog_dir="/usr/local/mysql-5.6.23/data/"
candidate_master=1 -可以切换成主数据库

[root@tong3 ~]# masterha_check_ssh --conf=/etc/mysqlmha/conf/app1.cnf
Tue Apr 28 15:39:21 2015 - [warning] Global configuration file /etc/masterha_default.cnf not found. Skipping.
Tue Apr 28 15:39:21 2015 - [info] Reading application default configurations from /etc/mysqlmha/conf/app1.cnf..
Tue Apr 28 15:39:21 2015 - [info] Reading server configurations from /etc/mysqlmha/conf/app1.cnf..
Tue Apr 28 15:39:21 2015 - [info] Starting SSH connection tests..
Tue Apr 28 15:39:22 2015 - [debug]
Tue Apr 28 15:39:21 2015 - [debug] Connecting via SSH from root@192.168.1.249(192.168.1.249:22) to root@192.168.1.248(192.168.1.248:22)..
Tue Apr 28 15:39:22 2015 - [debug] ok.
Tue Apr 28 15:39:22 2015 - [debug] Connecting via SSH from root@192.168.1.249(192.168.1.249:22) to root@192.168.1.247(192.168.1.247:22)..
Tue Apr 28 15:39:22 2015 - [debug] ok.
Tue Apr 28 15:39:23 2015 - [debug]
Tue Apr 28 15:39:22 2015 - [debug] Connecting via SSH from root@192.168.1.248(192.168.1.248:22) to root@192.168.1.249(192.168.1.249:22)..
Tue Apr 28 15:39:22 2015 - [debug] ok.
Tue Apr 28 15:39:22 2015 - [debug] Connecting via SSH from root@192.168.1.248(192.168.1.248:22) to root@192.168.1.247(192.168.1.247:22)..
Tue Apr 28 15:39:23 2015 - [debug] ok.
Tue Apr 28 15:39:24 2015 - [debug]
Tue Apr 28 15:39:22 2015 - [debug] Connecting via SSH from root@192.168.1.247(192.168.1.247:22) to root@192.168.1.249(192.168.1.249:22)..
Tue Apr 28 15:39:23 2015 - [debug] ok.
Tue Apr 28 15:39:23 2015 - [debug] Connecting via SSH from root@192.168.1.247(192.168.1.247:22) to root@192.168.1.248(192.168.1.248:22)..
Tue Apr 28 15:39:23 2015 - [debug] ok.
Tue Apr 28 15:39:24 2015 - [info] All SSH connection tests passed successfully.
[root@tong3 ~]#

6.修改数据库配置文件和创建用户
在所有节点创建相同的用户:
mysql> grant all privileges on *.* to root1@'192.168.1.%' identified by 'system';
mysql> grant replication slave,replication client on *.* to repl_user@'192.168.1.%' identified by 'system!#%246';

tong1节点:
[root@tong1 ~]# vim /etc/my.cnf
basedir = /usr/local/mysql-5.6.23
datadir = /usr/local/mysql-5.6.23/data
port = 3306
server_id = 20
socket = /tmp/mysql.sock

replicate-do-db=tong
replicate-ignore-db=mysql

log-bin=mysql-bin
log-bin-index=mysql-bin-index

auto_increment_offset=1
auto_increment_increment=2
relay_log_purge=0
read-only=1
[root@tong1 ~]#

tong2节点:
[root@tong2 ~]# vim /etc/my.cnf
basedir = /usr/local/mysql-5.6.23
datadir = /usr/local/mysql-5.6.23/data
port = 3306
server_id = 10
socket = /tmp/mysql.sock

replicate-do-db=tong
replicate-ignore-db=mysql

log-bin=mysql-bin
log-bin-index=mysql-bin-index

auto_increment_offset=2
auto_increment_increment=2

read-only=1
relay_log_purge=0
[root@tong2 ~]#

tong3节点:
[root@tong3 ~]# vim /etc/my.cnf
basedir = /usr/local/mysql-5.6.23
datadir = /usr/local/mysql-5.6.23/data
port = 3306
server_id = 30
socket = /tmp/mysql.sock

replicate-do-db=tong
replicate-ignore-db=mysql
[root@tong3 ~]#

7.将tong1和tong2搭建为主主模式
tong1主机:

[root@tong1 .ssh]# mysql -u root -p
Enter password:
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 60
Server version: 5.6.23-log MySQL Community Server (GPL)

Copyright (c) 2000, 2015, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> change master to master_host='192.168.1.248',master_port=3306,master_user='repl_user',master_password='system!#%246',master_log_file='mysql-bin.000010',master_log_pos=120;
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 2 warnings (0.45 sec)
mysql> start slave;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.05 sec)

mysql>

tong1主机:

[root@tong2 .ssh]# mysql -u root -p
Enter password:
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 60
Server version: 5.6.23-log MySQL Community Server (GPL)

Copyright (c) 2000, 2015, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql>
change master to
master_host='192.168.1.247',master_port=3306,master_user='repl_user',master_password='system!#%246',master_log_file='mysql-bin.000010',master_log_pos=120;
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 2 warnings (0.45 sec)
mysql> start slave;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.05 sec)

mysql>

8.检查复制是否有错
[root@tong3 ~]# masterha_check_repl --conf=/etc/mysqlmha/conf/app1.cnf
Tue Apr 28 15:53:23 2015 - [info] Checking replication health on 192.168.1.249..
Tue Apr 28 15:53:23 2015 - [info] ok.
Tue Apr 28 15:53:23 2015 - [info] Checking replication health on 192.168.1.248..
Tue Apr 28 15:53:23 2015 - [info] ok.
Tue Apr 28 15:53:23 2015 - [warning] master_ip_failover_script is not defined.
Tue Apr 28 15:53:23 2015 - [warning] shutdown_script is not defined.
Tue Apr 28 15:53:23 2015 - [info] Got exit code 0 (Not master dead).

MySQL Replication Health is OK.
[root@tong3 mysqlmha]# nohup masterha_manager --conf=/etc/mysqlmha/conf/app1.cnf >> /tmp/mha_manager 2>&1 &
[root@tong3 mysqlmha]# jobs
[1]+ Running nohup masterha_manager --conf=/etc/mysqlmha/conf/app1.cnf >> /tmp/mha_manager 2>&1 &
[root@tong3 mysqlmha]# masterha_check_status --conf=/etc/mysqlmha/conf/app1.cnf
app1 (pid:24330) is running(0:PING_OK), master:192.168.1.247　　--此时主节点在247服务器上
[root@tong3 mysqlmha]#

9.故障测试
tong1节点:
[root@tong1 ~]# /etc/init.d/mysqld stop --停掉tong1节点的数据库
Shutting down MySQL............ SUCCESS!
[root@tong2 ~]# /etc/init.d/mysqld start　　　--节点必须启动才能做切换
Starting MySQL. SUCCESS!
[root@tong2 ~]#

查看tong2主机的日志状态,将tong1节点必须要同步到tong2节点上才可以切换(change master to master_host='192.168.1.248,master_ ....................)

tong3节点:
[root@tong3 mysqlmha]# rm -rf /var/log/masterha/app1/app1.failover.complete
[1]+ Done nohup masterha_manager --conf=/etc/mysqlmha/conf/app1.cnf >> /tmp/mha_manager 2>&1 --必须删除管理节点的监控文件

[root@tong3 mysqlmha]# nohup masterha_manager --conf=/etc/mysqlmha/conf/app1.cnf >> /tmp/mha_manager 2>&1 &
[root@tong3 ~]# masterha_check_status --conf=/etc/mysqlmha/conf/app1.cnf
app1 (pid:27870) is running(0:PING_OK), master:192.168.1.248
[root@tong3 ~]#

本文出自 “一起走过的日子” 博客，请务必保留此出处http://tongcheng.blog.51cto.com/6214144/1639693