在排序数组中的出现次数 Count the number of occurrences in a sorted array

在排序数组中的出现次数 Count the number of occurrences in a sorted array

Input: arr[] = {1, 1, 2, 2, 2, 2, 3,},   x = 2
Output: 4 // x (or 2) occurs 4 times in arr[]

Input: arr[] = {1, 1, 2, 2, 2, 2, 3,},   x = 3
Output: 1

Input: arr[] = {1, 1, 2, 2, 2, 2, 3,},   x = 1
Output: 2

Input: arr[] = {1, 1, 2, 2, 2, 2, 3,},   x = 4
Output: -1 // 4 doesn't occur in arr[]

/* if x is present in arr[] then returns the count of occurrences of x,
otherwise returns -1. */
int count(int arr[], int x, int n)
{
int i; // index of first occurrence of x in arr[0..n-1]
int j; // index of last occurrence of x in arr[0..n-1]

/* get the index of first occurrence of x */
i = first(arr, 0, n-1, x, n);

/* If x doesn't exist in arr[] then return -1 */
if(i == -1)
return i;

/* Else get the index of last occurrence of x. Note that we
are only looking in the subarray after first occurrence */
j = last(arr, i, n-1, x, n);

/* return count */
return j-i+1;
}

/* if x is present in arr[] then returns the index of FIRST occurrence
of x in arr[0..n-1], otherwise returns -1 */
int first(int arr[], int low, int high, int x, int n)
{
if(high >= low)
{
int mid = (low + high)/2;  /*low + (high - low)/2;*/
if( ( mid == 0 || x > arr[mid-1]) && arr[mid] == x)
return mid;
else if(x > arr[mid])
return first(arr, (mid + 1), high, x, n);
else
return first(arr, low, (mid -1), x, n);
}
return -1;
}

/* if x is present in arr[] then returns the index of LAST occurrence
of x in arr[0..n-1], otherwise returns -1 */
int last(int arr[], int low, int high, int x, int n)
{
if(high >= low)
{
int mid = (low + high)/2;  /*low + (high - low)/2;*/
if( ( mid == n-1 || x < arr[mid+1]) && arr[mid] == x )
return mid;
else if(x < arr[mid])
return last(arr, low, (mid -1), x, n);
else
return last(arr, (mid + 1), high, x, n);
}
return -1;
}

/* driver program to test above functions */
int main()
{
int arr[] = {1, 2, 2, 3, 3, 3, 3};
int x =  3;  // Element to be counted in arr[]
int n = sizeof(arr)/sizeof(arr[0]);
int c = count(arr, x, n);
printf(" %d occurs %d times ", x, c);
getchar();
return 0;
}