HDU 1394 Minimum Inversion Number（线段树求逆序数）

Description

The inversion number of a given number sequence a1, a2, ..., an is the number of pairs (ai, aj) that satisfy i < j and ai > aj.

For a given sequence of numbers a1, a2, ..., an, if we move the first m >= 0 numbers to the end of the seqence, we will obtain another sequence. There are totally n such sequences as the following:

a1, a2, ..., an-1, an (where m = 0 - the initial seqence)

a2, a3, ..., an, a1 (where m = 1)

a3, a4, ..., an, a1, a2 (where m = 2)

...

an, a1, a2, ..., an-1 (where m = n-1)

You are asked to write a program to find the minimum inversion number out of the above sequences.

Input

The input consists of a number of test cases. Each case consists of two lines: the first line contains a positive integer n (n <= 5000); the next line contains a permutation of the n integers from 0 to n-1.

Output

For each case, output the minimum inversion number on a single line.

Sample Input

10
1 3 6 9 0 8 5 7 4 2

Sample Output

16

题意就是输入一个数n，然后输入一个n长度的序列，让你求该序列以及所有变换序列里逆序数最小的一个。

而本题变换序列的逆序数可由公式sum=sum+(n-1-a[i])-a[i]得到，很好证，所以只要求出第一个序列的逆序数，同时记录每个数字a[i]即可。

这道题很水，就算你暴力求逆序数250ms也能过，用线段树或者归并排序要快很多60ms左右。

归并的话适用性更强一些，线段树求逆序数必须这些数字不超过区间长度才行，万一数字是随意的，那么你只能离散化把数字压缩到区间内才能用线段树求解。

还好本题所有数字都在区间n内，妥妥的。

线段树的节点维护该区间的数字数量，每输入一个数进行一次单点更新，同时进行一次区间求和得出比该数字大的数有多少，累加即可得出逆序数之和。

#include<stdio.h>
#include<memory.h>
#define lson l,m,2*rt
#define rson m+1,r,2*rt+1

const int MAXN=5010;
int num[MAXN*4];
int number[MAXN];

void pushup(int rt)
{
num[rt]=num[rt*2]+num[rt*2+1];
}

void build(int l,int r,int rt)
{
if(l==r)
{
num[rt]=0;
return ;
}
int m=(l+r)/2;
build(lson);
build(rson);
pushup(rt);
}

void update(int n,int l,int r,int rt)
{
if(l==r)
{
num[rt]=1;
return;
}
int m=(l+r)/2;
if(n<=m) update(n,lson);
else update(n,rson);
pushup(rt);
}

int getnum(int L,int R,int l,int r,int rt)
{
if(L<=l&&r<=R) return num[rt];
int m=(l+r)/2;
int ans=0;
if(L<=m) ans+=getnum(L,R,lson);
if(m<R) ans+=getnum(L,R,rson);
return ans;
}

int main()
{
int n;
while(scanf("%d",&n)!=EOF)
{
build(0,n-1,1);
int suminver=0;
for(int i=0;i<n;i++)
{
scanf("%d",&number[i]);
update(number[i],0,n-1,1);
suminver+=getnum(number[i]+1,n-1,0,n-1,1);
}
int min=suminver;
for(int i=0;i<n;i++)
{
suminver=suminver+(n-1-number[i])-number[i];
if(min>suminver) min=suminver;
}
printf("%d\n",min);
}
return 0;
}