浅谈ANR及如何分析解决ANR

http://blog.csdn.net/tjy1985/article/details/6777346
http://blog.csdn.net/tjy1985/article/details/6777355 http://blog.csdn.net/tjy1985/article/details/6777983
一：什么是ANR
ANR:Application Not Responding，即应用无响应
二：ANR的类型
ANR一般有三种类型：
1：KeyDispatchTimeout(5 seconds) --主要类型
按键或触摸事件在特定时间内无响应
2：BroadcastTimeout(10 seconds)
BroadcastReceiver在特定时间内无法处理完成
3：ServiceTimeout(20 seconds) --小概率类型
Service在特定的时间内无法处理完成
三：KeyDispatchTimeout
Akey or touch event was not dispatched within the specified time（按键或触摸事件在特定时间内无响应）
具体的超时时间的定义在framework下的
ActivityManagerService.java
//How long we wait until we timeout on key dispatching.
staticfinal int KEY_DISPATCHING_TIMEOUT = 5*1000
四：为什么会超时呢？
超时时间的计数一般是从按键分发给app开始。超时的原因一般有两种：
(1)当前的事件没有机会得到处理（即UI线程正在处理前一个事件，没有及时的完成或者looper被某种原因阻塞住了）
(2)当前的事件正在处理，但没有及时完成
五：如何避免KeyDispatchTimeout
1：UI线程尽量只做跟UI相关的工作
2：耗时的工作（比如数据库操作，I/O，连接网络或者别的有可能阻碍UI线程的操作）把它放入单独的线程处理
3：尽量用Handler来处理UIthread和别的thread之间的交互

六：UI线程
说了那么多的UI线程，那么哪些属于UI线程呢？
UI线程主要包括如下：

Activity:onCreate(), onResume(), onDestroy(), onKeyDown(), onClick(),etc

AsyncTask: onPreExecute(), onProgressUpdate(), onPostExecute(), onCancel,etc

Mainthread handler: handleMessage(), post*(runnable r), etc

other

七：如何去分析ANR
先看个LOG:
04-01 13:12:11.572 I/InputDispatcher( 220): Application is not responding:Window{2b263310com.android.email/com.android.email.activity.SplitScreenActivitypaused=false}.
5009.8ms since event, 5009.5ms since waitstarted
04-0113:12:11.572 I/WindowManager( 220): Input event dispatching timedout sending tocom.android.email/com.android.email.activity.SplitScreenActivity
04-01 13:12:14.123 I/Process( 220): Sending signal. PID: 21404 SIG: 3---发生ANR的时间和生成trace.txt的时间
04-01 13:12:14.123 I/dalvikvm(21404):threadid=4: reacting to signal 3
……
04-0113:12:15.872 E/ActivityManager( 220): ANR in com.android.email(com.android.email/.activity.SplitScreenActivity)
04-0113:12:15.872 E/ActivityManager( 220): Reason:keyDispatchingTimedOut
04-0113:12:15.872 E/ActivityManager( 220): Load: 8.68 / 8.37 / 8.53
04-0113:12:15.872 E/ActivityManager( 220):CPUusage from 4361ms to 699ms ago----CPU在ANR发生前的使用情况

04-0113:12:15.872 E/ActivityManager( 220): 5.5%21404/com.android.email: 1.3% user + 4.1% kernel / faults: 10 minor
04-0113:12:15.872 E/ActivityManager( 220): 4.3%220/system_server: 2.7% user + 1.5% kernel / faults: 11 minor 2 major
04-0113:12:15.872 E/ActivityManager( 220): 0.9%52/spi_qsd.0: 0% user + 0.9% kernel
04-0113:12:15.872 E/ActivityManager( 220): 0.5%65/irq/170-cyttsp-: 0% user + 0.5% kernel
04-0113:12:15.872 E/ActivityManager( 220): 0.5%296/com.android.systemui: 0.5% user + 0% kernel
04-0113:12:15.872 E/ActivityManager( 220): 100%TOTAL: 4.8% user + 7.6% kernel + 87% iowait
04-0113:12:15.872 E/ActivityManager( 220):CPUusage from 3697ms to 4223ms later:--
ANR后CPU的使用量
04-0113:12:15.872 E/ActivityManager( 220): 25%21404/com.android.email: 25% user + 0% kernel / faults: 191 minor
04-0113:12:15.872 E/ActivityManager( 220): 16% 21603/__eas(par.hakan: 16% user + 0% kernel
04-0113:12:15.872 E/ActivityManager( 220): 7.2% 21406/GC: 7.2% user + 0% kernel
04-0113:12:15.872 E/ActivityManager( 220): 1.8% 21409/Compiler: 1.8% user + 0% kernel
04-0113:12:15.872 E/ActivityManager( 220): 5.5%220/system_server: 0% user + 5.5% kernel / faults: 1 minor
04-0113:12:15.872 E/ActivityManager( 220): 5.5% 263/InputDispatcher: 0% user + 5.5% kernel
04-0113:12:15.872 E/ActivityManager( 220): 32%TOTAL: 28% user + 3.7% kernel

从LOG可以看出ANR的类型，CPU的使用情况，如果CPU使用量接近100%，说明当前设备很忙，有可能是CPU饥饿导致了ANR
如果CPU使用量很少，说明主线程被BLOCK了
如果IOwait很高，说明ANR有可能是主线程在进行I/O操作造成的
除了看LOG，解决ANR还得需要trace.txt文件，
如何获取呢？可以用如下命令获取

$chmod 777 /data/anr

$rm /data/anr/traces.txt

$ps

$kill -3PID

adbpull data/anr/traces.txt ./mytraces.txt

从trace.txt文件，看到最多的是如下的信息：
-----pid 21404 at 2011-04-0113:12:14 -----

Cmdline: com.android.email

DALVIK THREADS:

(mutexes: tll=0tsl=0 tscl=0 ghl=0 hwl=0 hwll=0)

"main" prio=5 tid=1NATIVE

| group="main" sCount=1 dsCount=0obj=0x2aad2248 self=0xcf70

| sysTid=21404 nice=0 sched=0/0cgrp=[fopen-error:2] handle=1876218976

atandroid.os.MessageQueue.nativePollOnce(Native Method)

atandroid.os.MessageQueue.next(MessageQueue.java:119)

atandroid.os.Looper.loop(Looper.java:110)

at android.app.ActivityThread.main(ActivityThread.java:3688)

at java.lang.reflect.Method.invokeNative(Native Method)

atjava.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:507)

atcom.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit$MethodAndArgsCaller.run(ZygoteInit.java:866)

at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit.main(ZygoteInit.java:624)

at dalvik.system.NativeStart.main(Native Method)
说明主线程在等待下条消息进入消息队列
八：Thread状态
ThreadState (defined at “dalvik/vm/thread.h “)
THREAD_UNDEFINED = -1, /* makes enum compatible with int32_t */
THREAD_ZOMBIE = 0, /* TERMINATED */
THREAD_RUNNING = 1, /* RUNNABLE or running now */
THREAD_TIMED_WAIT = 2, /* TIMED_WAITING in Object.wait() */
THREAD_MONITOR = 3, /* BLOCKED on a monitor */
THREAD_WAIT = 4, /* WAITING in Object.wait() */
THREAD_INITIALIZING= 5, /* allocated, not yet running */
THREAD_STARTING = 6, /* started, not yet on thread list */
THREAD_NATIVE = 7, /* off in a JNI native method */
THREAD_VMWAIT = 8, /* waiting on a VM resource */
THREAD_SUSPENDED = 9, /* suspended, usually by GC or debugger */

九：如何调查并解决ANR
1：首先分析log
2:
从trace.txt文件查看调用stack.
3:
看代码
4：仔细查看ANR的成因（iowait?block?memoryleak?）

十：案例

案例1：关键词:ContentResolver
in AsyncTask onPostExecute, high iowait

Process:com.android.email

Activity:com.android.email/.activity.MessageView

Subject:keyDispatchingTimedOut

CPU usage from 2550ms to -2814ms ago:

5%187/system_server: 3.5% user + 1.4% kernel / faults: 86 minor 20major

4.4% 1134/com.android.email: 0.7% user + 3.7% kernel /faults: 38 minor 19 major

4% 372/com.android.eventstream: 0.7%user + 3.3% kernel / faults: 6 minor

1.1% 272/com.android.phone:0.9% user + 0.1% kernel / faults: 33 minor

0.9%252/com.android.systemui: 0.9% user + 0% kernel

0%409/com.android.eventstream.telephonyplugin: 0% user + 0% kernel /faults: 2 minor

0.1% 632/com.android.devicemonitor: 0.1% user + 0%kernel

100%TOTAL: 6.9% user + 8.2% kernel +84%iowait

-----pid 1134 at 2010-12-17 17:46:51 -----

Cmd line:com.android.email

DALVIK THREADS:

(mutexes: tll=0 tsl=0tscl=0 ghl=0 hwl=0 hwll=0)

"main" prio=5 tid=1 WAIT

|group="main" sCount=1 dsCount=0 obj=0x2aaca180self=0xcf20

| sysTid=1134 nice=0 sched=0/0 cgrp=[fopen-error:2]handle=1876218976

at java.lang.Object.wait(Native Method)

-waiting on <0x2aaca218> (a java.lang.VMThread)

atjava.lang.Thread.parkFor(Thread.java:1424)

atjava.lang.LangAccessImpl.parkFor(LangAccessImpl.java:48)

atsun.misc.Unsafe.park(Unsafe.java:337)

atjava.util.concurrent.locks.LockSupport.park(LockSupport.java:157)

atjava.util.concurrent.locks.AbstractQueuedSynchronizer.parkAndCheckInterrupt(AbstractQueuedSynchronizer.java:808)

atjava.util.concurrent.locks.AbstractQueuedSynchronizer.acquireQueued(AbstractQueuedSynchronizer.java:841)

atjava.util.concurrent.locks.AbstractQueuedSynchronizer.acquire(AbstractQueuedSynchronizer.java:1171)

atjava.util.concurrent.locks.ReentrantLock$FairSync.lock(ReentrantLock.java:200)

atjava.util.concurrent.locks.ReentrantLock.lock(ReentrantLock.java:261)

atandroid.database.sqlite.SQLiteDatabase.lock(SQLiteDatabase.java:378)

atandroid.database.sqlite.SQLiteCursor.<init>(SQLiteCursor.java:222)

atandroid.database.sqlite.SQLiteDirectCursorDriver.query(SQLiteDirectCursorDriver.java:53)

atandroid.database.sqlite.SQLiteDatabase.rawQueryWithFactory(SQLiteDatabase.java:1356)

atandroid.database.sqlite.SQLiteDatabase.queryWithFactory(SQLiteDatabase.java:1235)

atandroid.database.sqlite.SQLiteDatabase.query(SQLiteDatabase.java:1189)

atandroid.database.sqlite.SQLiteDatabase.query(SQLiteDatabase.java:1271)

atcom.android.email.provider.EmailProvider.query(EmailProvider.java:1098)

atandroid.content.ContentProvider$Transport.query(ContentProvider.java:187)

atandroid.content.ContentResolver.query(ContentResolver.java:268)

atcom.android.email.provider.EmailContent$Message.restoreMessageWithId(EmailContent.java:648)

atcom.android.email.Controller.setMessageRead(Controller.java:658)

atcom.android.email.activity.MessageView.onMarkAsRead(MessageView.java:700)

atcom.android.email.activity.MessageView.access$2500(MessageView.java:98)

atcom.android.email.activity.MessageView$LoadBodyTask.onPostExecute(MessageView.java:1290)

atcom.android.email.activity.MessageView$LoadBodyTask.onPostExecute(MessageView.java:1255)

atandroid.os.AsyncTask.finish(AsyncTask.java:417)

atandroid.os.AsyncTask.access$300(AsyncTask.java:127)

atandroid.os.AsyncTask$InternalHandler.handleMessage(AsyncTask.java:429)

atandroid.os.Handler.dispatchMessage(Handler.java:99)

atandroid.os.Looper.loop(Looper.java:123)

atandroid.app.ActivityThread.main(ActivityThread.java:3652)

atjava.lang.reflect.Method.invokeNative(Native Method)

atjava.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:507)

atcom.android.internal.os.ZygoteIn
原因：IOWait很高，说明当前系统在忙于I/O，因此数据库操作被阻塞
原来：

finalMessagemessage=Message.restoreMessageWithId(mProviderContext,messageId);

if(message==null){

return;

}

Accountaccount=Account.restoreAccountWithId(mProviderContext,message.mAccountKey);

if(account==null){

return;//isMessagingController returns false for null, but let's make itclear.

}

if(isMessagingController(account)){

newThread(){

@Override

publicvoidrun(){

mLegacyController.processPendingActions(message.mAccountKey);

}

}.start();

}

解决后：
newThread() {

finalMessagemessage=Message.restoreMessageWithId(mProviderContext,messageId);

if(message==null){

return;

}

Accountaccount=Account.restoreAccountWithId(mProviderContext,message.mAccountKey);

if(account==null){

return;//isMessagingController returns false for null, but let's make itclear.

}

if(isMessagingController(account)) {

mLegacyController.processPendingActions(message.mAccountKey);

}

}.start();
关于AsyncTask:http://developer.android.com/reference/android/os/AsyncTask.html

案例2：关键词:在UI线程进行网络数据的读写

ANRin process: com.android.mediascape:PhotoViewer (last incom.android.mediascape:PhotoViewer)

Annotation:keyDispatchingTimedOut

CPU usage:

Load: 6.74 / 6.89 / 6.12

CPUusage from 8254ms to 3224ms ago:

ovider.webmedia: 4% = 4% user +0% kernel / faults: 68 minor

system_server: 2% = 1% user + 0%kernel / faults: 18 minor

re-initialized>: 0% = 0% user + 0%kernel / faults: 50 minor

events/0: 0% = 0% user + 0%kernel

TOTAL:7% = 6% user + 1% kernel

DALVIKTHREADS:

""main"" prio=5 tid=3 NATIVE

|group=""main"" sCount=1 dsCount=0 s=Yobj=0x4001b240 self=0xbda8

| sysTid=2579 nice=0 sched=0/0cgrp=unknown handle=-1343993184

atorg.apache.harmony.luni.platform.OSNetworkSystem.receiveStreamImpl(NativeMethod)

atorg.apache.harmony.luni.platform.OSNetworkSystem.receiveStream(OSNetworkSystem.java:478)

atorg.apache.harmony.luni.net.PlainSocketImpl.read(PlainSocketImpl.java:565)

atorg.apache.harmony.luni.net.SocketInputStream.read(SocketInputStream.java:87)

atorg.apache.harmony.luni.internal.net.www.protocol.http.HttpURLConnection$LimitedInputStream.read(HttpURLConnection.java:303)

atjava.io.InputStream.read(InputStream.java:133)

atjava.io.BufferedInputStream.fillbuf(BufferedInputStream.java:157)

atjava.io.BufferedInputStream.read(BufferedInputStream.java:346)

atandroid.graphics.BitmapFactory.nativeDecodeStream(Native Method)

atandroid.graphics.BitmapFactory.decodeStream(BitmapFactory.java:459)

atcom.android.mediascape.activity.PhotoViewerActivity.getPreviewImage(PhotoViewerActivity.java:4465)

atcom.android.mediascape.activity.PhotoViewerActivity.dispPreview(PhotoViewerActivity.java:4406)

atcom.android.mediascape.activity.PhotoViewerActivity.access$6500(PhotoViewerActivity.java:125)

atcom.android.mediascape.activity.PhotoViewerActivity$33$1.run(PhotoViewerActivity.java:4558)

atandroid.os.Handler.handleCallback(Handler.java:587)

atandroid.os.Handler.dispatchMessage(Handler.java:92)

atandroid.os.Looper.loop(Looper.java:123)

atandroid.app.ActivityThread.main(ActivityThread.java:4370)

atjava.lang.reflect.Method.invokeNative(Native Method)

atjava.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:521)

atcom.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit$MethodAndArgsCaller.run(ZygoteInit.java:868)

atcom.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit.main(ZygoteInit.java:626)

atdalvik.system.NativeStart.main(Native Method)
关于网络连接，再设计的时候可以设置个timeout的时间或者放入独立的线程来处理。
关于Handler的问题，可以参考：http://developer.android.com/reference/android/os/Handler.html
案例3：
关键词：Memoryleak/Thread leak
11-1621:41:42.560 I/ActivityManager( 1190): ANR in process:android.process.acore
(last in android.process.acore)

11-1621:41:42.560 I/ActivityManager( 1190): Annotation:keyDispatchingTimedOut

11-16 21:41:42.560 I/ActivityManager(1190): CPU usage:

11-16 21:41:42.560 I/ActivityManager( 1190):Load: 11.5 / 11.1 / 11.09

11-16 21:41:42.560 I/ActivityManager(1190): CPU usage from 9046ms to 4018ms ago:

11-16 21:41:42.560I/ActivityManager( 1190): d.process.acore:98%=
97% user + 0% kernel / faults: 1134 minor

11-16 21:41:42.560I/ActivityManager( 1190): system_server: 0% = 0% user + 0% kernel /faults: 1 minor

11-16 21:41:42.560 I/ActivityManager( 1190): adbd:0% = 0% user + 0% kernel

11-16 21:41:42.560 I/ActivityManager(1190): logcat: 0% = 0% user + 0% kernel

11-16 21:41:42.560I/ActivityManager( 1190): TOTAL:100% = 98% user + 1% kernel
Cmdline: android.process.acore

DALVIK THREADS:

"main"prio=5 tid=3 VMWAIT

|group="main" sCount=1 dsCount=0 s=N obj=0x40026240self=0xbda8

| sysTid=1815 nice=0 sched=0/0 cgrp=unknownhandle=-1344001376

atdalvik.system.VMRuntime.trackExternalAllocation(NativeMethod)atandroid.graphics.Bitmap.nativeCreate(Native Method)

atandroid.graphics.Bitmap.createBitmap(Bitmap.java:468)

atandroid.view.View.buildDrawingCache(View.java:6324)

atandroid.view.View.getDrawingCache(View.java:6178)

atandroid.view.ViewGroup.drawChild(ViewGroup.java:1541)

……

atcom.android.internal.policy.impl.PhoneWindow$DecorView.draw(PhoneWindow.java:1830)

atandroid.view.ViewRoot.draw(ViewRoot.java:1349)

atandroid.view.ViewRoot.performTraversals(ViewRoot.java:1114)

atandroid.view.ViewRoot.handleMessage(ViewRoot.java:1633)

atandroid.os.Handler.dispatchMessage(Handler.java:99)

atandroid.os.Looper.loop(Looper.java:123)

atandroid.app.ActivityThread.main(ActivityThread.java:4370)

atjava.lang.reflect.Method.invokeNative(Native Method)

atjava.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:521)

atcom.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit$MethodAndArgsCaller.run(ZygoteInit.java:868)

atcom.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit.main(ZygoteInit.java:626)

atdalvik.system.NativeStart.main(Native Method)
"Thread-408"prio=5 tid=329 WAIT|group="main" sCount=1 dsCount=0 s=N obj=0x46910d40self=0xcd0548

| sysTid=10602 nice=0 sched=0/0 cgrp=unknownhandle=15470792

at java.lang.Object.wait(Native Method)

-waiting on <0x468cd420> (a java.lang.Object)

atjava.lang.Object.wait(Object.java:288)

atcom.android.dialer.CallLogContentHelper$UiUpdaterExecutor$1.run(CallLogContentHelper.java:289)

atjava.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:1096)
分析：
atdalvik.system.VMRuntime.trackExternalAllocation(NativeMethod)内存不足导致block在创建bitmap上
**MEMINFO in pid 1360 [android.process.acore] **

native dalvik other total

size: 17036 23111
N/A 40147

allocated: 16484 20675 N/A 37159

free: 296 2436 N/A 2732
解决：如果机器的内存族，可以修改虚拟机的内存为36M或更大，不过最好是复查代码，查看哪些内存没有释放