python2.7执行Linux系统命令

http://blog.chinaunix.net/uid-16844903-id-57786.html

1·os.system
举例：

In
[34]:
import os

In [35]: os.system('ls
/home')

cacti nagios oracle roottest1 roottest2 test6 test7

Out[35]: 0

优点：直接显示命令的输出和返回值
2·os.popen
举例：

In
[36]: os.popen('ls /home')

Out[36]:
<open file 'ls /home', mode
'r' at 0xeacf60>

In [37]: os.popen('ls
/home').read()

Out[37]:
'cacti\nnagios\noracle\nroottest1\nroottest2\ntest6\ntest7\n'

In [38]: file_tmp
= os.popen('ls /home')

In [39]:
for i in file_tmp:

....:
print i

....:

....:

cacti

nagios

oracle

roottest1

roottest2

test6

test7

优点：可以将命令的输出保存在变量中，然后以多种方式展示出来
3·commands.getstatusoutput
举例：

In
[40]:
import commands

In [41]:
(status, output)
= commands.getstatusoutput('ls /home')

In [42]:
print status

0

In [43]:
print output

cacti

nagios

oracle

roottest1

roottest2

test6

test7

In [44]: commands.getstatusoutput('ls
/home')

Out[44]:
(0,
'cacti\nnagios\noracle\nroottest1\nroottest2\ntest6\ntest7')

优点：命令输出和返回值分开显示

help资料

FUNCTIONS

getoutput(cmd)

Return output (stdout or stderr) of executing cmd in a shell.

getstatus(file)

Return output of "ls -ld <file>" in a string.

getstatusoutput(cmd)

Return (status, output) of executing cmd in a shell.

In [45]: commands.getoutput('ls /home')

Out[45]: 'cacti\nnagios\noracle\nroottest1\nroottest2\ntest6\ntest7'

In [48]: commands.getstatus('/bin/ls')

Out[48]: '-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 91240 2010-03-01 /bin/ls'