十大自动化运维工具 ansible 推荐

一、简介

# yum -y install python-jinja2 PyYAML python-paramiko python-babel python-crypto
# tar xf ansible-1.5.4.tar.gz
# cd ansible-1.5.4
# python setup.py build
# python setup.py install
# mkdir /etc/ansible
# cp -r examples/* /etc/ansible

ansible <host-pattern> [-f forks] [-m module_name] [-a args]
-m module：默认为command
ansible-doc: Show Ansible module documentation
-l, --list            List available modules
-s, --snippet         Show playbook snippet for specified module(s)

name: John Smith
age: 41
gender: Male
spouse:
name: Jane Smith
age: 37
gender: Female
children:
-   name: Jimmy Smith
age: 17
gender: Male
-   name: Jenny Smith
age 13
gender: Female

- hosts: webnodes
vars:
http_port: 80
max_clients: 256
remote_user: root
tasks:
- name: ensure apache is at the latest version
yum: name=httpd state=latest
- name: ensure apache is running
service: name=httpd state=started
handlers:
- name: restart apache
service: name=httpd state=restarted

-hosts: webnodes
remote_user: root

- hosts: webnodes
remote_user: mageedu
tasks:
- name: test connection
ping:
remote_user: mageedu
sudo: yes

tasks:
- name: make sure apache is running
service: name=httpd state=running

tasks:
- name: disable selinux
command: /sbin/setenforce 0

tasks:
- name: run this command and ignore the result
shell: /usr/bin/somecommand || /bin/true

tasks:
- name: run this command and ignore the result
shell: /usr/bin/somecommand
ignore_errors: True

- name: template configuration file
template: src=template.j2 dest=/etc/foo.conf
notify:
- restart memcached
- restart apache

handlers:
- name: restart memcached
service:  name=memcached state=restarted
- name: restart apache
service: name=apache state=restarted

heartbeat.yaml
- hosts: hbhosts
remote_user: root
tasks:
- name: ensure heartbeat latest version
yum: name=heartbeat state=present
- name: authkeys configure file
copy: src=/root/hb_conf/authkeys dest=/etc/ha.d/authkeys
- name: authkeys mode 600
file: path=/etc/ha.d/authkeys mode=600
notify:
- restart heartbeat
- name: ha.cf configure file
copy: src=/root/hb_conf/ha.cf dest=/etc/ha.d/ha.cf
notify:
- restart heartbeat
handlers:
- name: restart heartbeat
service: name=heartbeat state=restarted

# cd /etc/ansible/
[root@dc ansible]# ls
ansible.cfg  hosts
cat hosts # 定义集群主机
#db-[99:101]-node.example.com
[webservers]
node1.firefox.com
node2.firefox.com
[dbservers]
node3.firefox.com

# (default is sftp)
#scp_if_ssh = True
[accelerate]
accelerate_port = 5099

# ansible-doc  -s yum
- name: Manages packages with the `yum' package manager
action: yum
state=                 # Whether to install (`present', `latest'), or remove (`absent') a package.
disablerepo=           # `repoid' of repositories to disable for the install/update operation These repos will not persist beyond the transaction Multiple repos separated with a ','
name=                  # Package name, or package specifier with version, like `name-1.0'. When using state=latest, this can be '*' which means run: yum -y update. You can also pass a
enablerepo=            # Repoid of repositories to enable for the install/update operation. These repos will not persist beyond the transaction multiple repos separated with a ','
list=                  # Various (non-idempotent) commands for usage with `/usr/bin/ansible' and `not' playbooks. See examples.
disable_gpg_check=     # Whether to disable the GPG checking of signatures of packages being installed. Has an effect only if state is `present' or `latest'.
conf_file=             # The remote yum configuration file to use for the transaction.

# ansible all -m ping
# ansible all -a 'date'
# ansible all -m command -a 'date'
# 查看web服务的运行状态
# ansible webservers -m command -a 'service httpd status'
# ansible  all -m copy  -a "src=/root/named dest=/root/"
# ansible all -a "ls /tmp"
# ansible-doc  -s copy  # ansible-doc -s 指定命令；能够查看命令的详细用法
# 定义时间同步：每3分钟同步一次，以局域网内的时间服务器同步一次时间；
# ansible all -m cron -a 'name="custom job" minute=*/3 hour=* day=* month=* weekday=* job="/usr/sbin/ntpdate 172.16.0.1"'
# ansible all -a "crontab -l" # 查看周期性计划任务
# ansible all -m group -a "gid=360 system=yes name=mysql"  # 在所有节点上添加mysql组 system=yes： 表示此组是系统组
# # ansible all -m command -a "tail -1 /etc/group"  # 查看组是否添加成功；
# ansible all -a 'yum -y install corosync' 在所有节点上安装corosync
因为corosync安装完成之后会生成配置文件
# ansible all  -m copy -a "src=/etc/corosync/corosync.conf.example  dest=/etc/corosynccorosync.conf"
# ansible all -m copy  -a "src=/root/pssh-2.3.1-2.el6.x86_64.rpm  dest=/root/"
# ansible all -m copy  -a "src=/root/crmsh-1.2.6-4.el6.x86_64.rpm   dest=/root/"
# 复制需要安装的rpm包
# ansible all -a "yum -y install crmsh-1.2.6-4.el6.x86_64.rpm  pssh-2.3.1-2.el6.x86_64.rpm"
# 安装
# ansible all -a "service httpd stop"  # 将当前服务关闭掉
# ansible all -a "chkconfig --list httpd" # 查看web服务的运行级别
# ansible all -m service -a "state=started name=httpd enabled=yes"