Difference between HashMap, LinkedHashMap and TreeMap in Java

All the three represent mapping from unique keys to values, and therefore implement the Map interface.

1) HashMap is a map based on hashing of the keys. It makes absolutely no guarantees about the iteration order. It can (and will) even change completely when new elements are added. It supports O(1) get/put operations. Keys must have consistent implementations
of hashCode() and equals() for this to work.

2) LinkedHashMap is very similar to HashMap, but it adds awareness to the order at which items are added (or accessed), so the iteration order is the same as insertion order (or access order, depending on construction parameters).

3) TreeMap is a tree based mapping. Its put/get operations take O(log n) time. It requires items to have some comparison mechanism, either with Comparable or Comparator. The iteration order is determined by this mechanism.

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║   Property   ║       HashMap       ║      TreeMap      ║     LinkedHashMap    ║
╠══════════════╬═════════════════════╬═══════════════════╬══════════════════════╣
║              ║  no guarantee order ║ sorted according  ║                      ║
║   Order      ║ will remain constant║ to the natural    ║    insertion-order   ║
║              ║      over time      ║    ordering       ║                      ║
╠══════════════╬═════════════════════╬═══════════════════╬══════════════════════╣
║  Get/put     ║                     ║                   ║                      ║
║   remove     ║         O(1)        ║      O(log(n))    ║         O(1)         ║
║ containsKey  ║                     ║                   ║                      ║
╠══════════════╬═════════════════════╬═══════════════════╬══════════════════════╣
║              ║                     ║   NavigableMap    ║                      ║
║  Interfaces  ║         Map         ║       Map         ║         Map          ║
║              ║                     ║    SortedMap      ║                      ║
╠══════════════╬═════════════════════╬═══════════════════╬══════════════════════╣
║              ║                     ║                   ║                      ║
║     Null     ║       allowed       ║    only values    ║       allowed        ║
║ values/keys  ║                     ║                   ║                      ║
╠══════════════╬═════════════════════╩═══════════════════╩══════════════════════╣
║              ║   Fail-fast behavior of an iterator cannot be guaranteed       ║
║   Fail-fast  ║ impossible to make any hard guarantees in the presence of      ║
║   behavior   ║           unsynchronized concurrent modification               ║
╠══════════════╬═════════════════════╦═══════════════════╦══════════════════════╣
║              ║                     ║                   ║                      ║
║Implementation║      buckets        ║   Red-Black Tree  ║    double-linked     ║
║              ║                     ║                   ║       buckets        ║
╠══════════════╬═════════════════════╩═══════════════════╩══════════════════════╣
║      Is      ║                                                                ║
║ synchronized ║              implementation is not synchronized                ║
╚══════════════╩════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════╝