您的位置:首页 > 其它

BIND之子域授权、区域转发、view

2014-03-21 00:20 411 查看
BIND子域授权的实现:
在父域的配置文件中添加如下项:
授权的子区域名称子区域的名称服务器子区域的名称服务器的IP地址
1.在父域的区域配置件/var/named/mageedu.com.zone中添加子域子区域名称、子区域名称、子区域的名称服务器的IP地址

# vim /var/named/mageedu.com.zone
$TTL 86400
@       IN      SOA     dsn.mageedu.com. admin.mageedu.com (
2014031901
1D
12H
1D
12H )
IN      NS      dns
IN      NS      ns
IN      MX 20mail
dns     IN      A       172.16.19.100
ns      IN      A       172.16.19.1
mail    IN      A       172.16.19.2
www     IN      A       172.16.19.3
pop     IN      CNAME   mail
ftp     IN      CNAME   www
zhou    IN      NS      dns.zhou
dns.zhou IN     A       172.16.251.100


3.重启服务

# rndc reload
server reload successful


3.使用dig命令测试

# dig -t NS zhou.dns.mageedu.com
; <<>> DiG 9.8.2rc1-RedHat-9.8.2-0.17.rc1.el6 <<>> -t NS zhou.dns.mageedu.com
;; global options: +cmd
;; Got answer:
;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NXDOMAIN, id: 12799
;; flags: qr aa rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 0, AUTHORITY: 1, ADDITIONAL: 0
;; QUESTION SECTION:
;zhou.dns.mageedu.com.      IN  NS
;; AUTHORITY SECTION:
mageedu.com.        43200IN  SOA dsn.mageedu.com. admin.mageedu.com.mageedu.com. 201403190186400432008640043200
;; Query time: 1msec
;; SERVER: 172.16.19.100#53(172.16.19.100)
;; WHEN: Sun Mar 1617:21:352014
;; MSG SIZE  rcvd: 96


4.在子域的服务器中安装bind同第一次安装,在/etc/named.rfc1912.zones中添加正向区域和反向区域

zone "zhou.mageedu.com"IN {
type master;
file "zhou.mageedu.com.zone";
};

zone "251.16.172.in-addr.arpa"IN {
type master;
file "172.16.251.zone";
};


5.为区域zhou.mageedu.com提供区域数据文件

# vim /var/named/zhou.mageedu.com.zone
$TTL 86400
@       IN      SOA     dns.zhou.mageedu.com.  admin.zhou.mageedu.com. (
2014031901
1D
10M
3D
12H )
IN      NS      dns
IN      NS 20mail
dns     IN      A       172.16.251.100
www     IN      A       172.16.251.101
mail    IN      A       172.16.251.102
pop     IN      CNAME   mail
ftp     IN      CNAME   www


6.为添加的正向区域数据文件设置属主和属组以及权限
# chown root:named /var/named/zhou.mageedu.com.zone
# chmod 640/var/named/zhou.mageedu.com.zone
# ls -l /var/named/zhou.mageedu.com.zone
-rw-r----- 1root named 246Mar 1723:13/var/named/zhou.mageedu.com.zone


7.为区域251.16.172.inaddr.arpa提供区域数据文件

# vim /var/named/172.16.251.zone
$TTL 86400
@       IN      SOA     dsn.zhou.mageedu.com. admin.zhou.mageedu.com. (
2014031902
1D
12H
1D
12H )
IN      NS      dns.zhou.mageedu.com.
100IN      PTR     dns.zhou.mageedu.com.
102IN      PTR     mail.mageedu.com.
101IN      PTR     www.mageedu.com.
8.为添加的反向区域数据文件设置属主和属组以及权限
# chown root:named /var/named/172.16.251.zone
# chmod 640/var/named/172.16.251.zone
# ls -l /var/named/172.16.251.zone
-rw-r----- 1root named 230Mar 1723:44/var/named/172.16.251.zone


9.测试文件是否有语法错误

# service named configtest
zone localhost.localdomain/IN: loaded serial 0
zone localhost/IN: loaded serial 0
zone 1.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.ip6.arpa/IN: loaded serial 0
zone 1.0.0.127.in-addr.arpa/IN: loaded serial 0
zone 0.in-addr.arpa/IN: loaded serial 0
zone zhou.mageedu.com/IN: loaded serial 2014031901
zone 251.16.172.in-addr.arpa/IN: loaded serial 2014031902


10.使用dig测试

# dig -t NS zhou.mageedu.com @172.16.251.100
; <<>> DiG 9.8.2rc1-RedHat-9.8.2-0.17.rc1.el6 <<>> -t NS zhou.mageedu.com @172.16.251.100
;; global options: +cmd
;; Got answer:
;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 1352
;; flags: qr aa rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 1, AUTHORITY: 0, ADDITIONAL: 1
;; QUESTION SECTION:
;zhou.mageedu.com.      IN  NS
;; ANSWER SECTION:
zhou.mageedu.com.   86400IN  NS  dns.zhou.mageedu.com.
;; ADDITIONAL SECTION:
dns.zhou.mageedu.com.   86400IN  A   172.16.251.100
;; Query time: 1msec
;; SERVER: 172.16.251.100#53(172.16.251.100)
;; WHEN: Mon Mar 1723:53:212014
;; MSG SIZE  rcvd: 68
11.子域能够在本机中解析

# dig -t A www.zhou.mageedu.com @172.16.251.100
; <<>> DiG 9.8.2rc1-RedHat-9.8.2-0.17.rc1.el6 <<>> -t A www.zhou.mageedu.com @172.16.251.100
;; global options: +cmd
;; Got answer:
;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 30650
;; flags: qr aa rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 1, AUTHORITY: 1, ADDITIONAL: 1
;; QUESTION SECTION:
;www.zhou.mageedu.com.      IN  A
;; ANSWER SECTION:
www.zhou.mageedu.com.   86400IN  A   172.16.251.101
;; AUTHORITY SECTION:
zhou.mageedu.com.   86400IN  NS  dns.zhou.mageedu.com.
;; ADDITIONAL SECTION:
dns.zhou.mageedu.com.   86400IN  A   172.16.251.100
;; Query time: 5msec
;; SERVER: 172.16.251.100#53(172.16.251.100)
;; WHEN: Mon Mar 1723:54:502014
;; MSG SIZE  rcvd: 88


实现区域转发
允许使用转发的前提:本机要在对方的允许的递归主机列表中;
区域转发:解析某本机不负责的区域内的名称时不转发给根,而是转给指定的主机
在子域的服务器中添加一条区域的转发(需要注释住配置文件中的include "/etc/named.root.key";)
zone "mageedu.com"IN {
type forward;
forwarders {172.16.19.100;};
};


重启服务

# service named reload


区域转发配置成功

# dig -t A www.mageedu.com @172.16.251.100
; <<>> DiG 9.8.2rc1-RedHat-9.8.2-0.17.rc1.el6 <<>> -t A www.mageedu.com @172.16.251.100
;; global options: +cmd
;; Got answer:
;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 55304
;; flags: qr rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 1, AUTHORITY: 2, ADDITIONAL: 2
;; QUESTION SECTION:
;www.mageedu.com.       IN  A
;; ANSWER SECTION:
www.mageedu.com.    86112IN  A   172.16.19.3
;; AUTHORITY SECTION:
mageedu.com.        86112IN  NS  ns.mageedu.com.
mageedu.com.        86112IN  NS  dns.mageedu.com.
;; ADDITIONAL SECTION:
ns.mageedu.com.     86112IN  A   172.16.19.1
dns.mageedu.com.    86112IN  A   172.16.19.100
;; Query time: 1msec
;; SERVER: 172.16.251.100#53(172.16.251.100)
;; WHEN: Tue Mar 1800:20:312014
;; MSG SIZE  rcvd: 116


在options选项中添加全局转发可以所有的区域转发192.168.1.1能够访问互联网
options {
directory       "/var/named";
recursion yes;
forward first;
forwarders { 192.168.1.1; };
};


在本机中使用dig解析www.goole.com

# dig -t A www.goole.com @172.16.251.100
; <<>> DiG 9.8.2rc1-RedHat-9.8.2-0.17.rc1.el6 <<>> -t A www.goole.com @172.16.251.100
;; global options: +cmd
;; Got answer:
;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 13592
;; flags: qr rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 1, AUTHORITY: 2, ADDITIONAL: 2
;; QUESTION SECTION:
;www.goole.com.         IN  A
;; ANSWER SECTION:
www.goole.com.      3600IN  A   213.165.70.39
;; AUTHORITY SECTION:
goole.com.      100722IN  NS  ns67.1and1.co.uk.
goole.com.      100722IN  NS  ns68.1and1.co.uk.
;; ADDITIONAL SECTION:
ns67.1and1.co.uk.   75290IN  A   217.160.80.173
ns68.1and1.co.uk.   75290IN  A   217.160.81.173
;; Query time: 148msec
;; SERVER: 172.16.251.100#53(172.16.251.100)
;; WHEN: Tue Mar 1800:41:


ACL: BIND支持使用访问控制列表
自定义ACL
acl ACL_NAME {
ACL列表;(每一行定义一项,并以";"结束)
};

访问控制列表只有定义后才能使用;通常acl要定义在named.conf的最上方;

BIND有四个内置的acl:
any: 任何主机
none: 无一主机
local: 本机
localnet: 本机的所在的网络;
只允许本机和172.16.0.0/16网络进行递归,在named.conf的最上方定义ACL,并在option中使用

acl clientrecursion {
172.16.0.0/16;
127.0.0.1;
};


options {
//      listen-on port 53 { 127.0.0.1; };
//      listen-on-v6 port 53 { ::1; };
directory       "/var/named";
//      recursion yes;
allow-recursion { clientrecursion; };
};


DNS视图:view
根据来自不同网络用户的访问请求,对相同的域名解析成不同的IP,使用户可以访问离他最近的那台服务器,以增加用户的访问速度。
场景:来自内网和外网的所有IP都解析到dns.mageedu.com中,使得反馈给用户同一结果。

配置 view:

1.编辑配置文件,将所有的区域加入视图中

view    Innernet {
match-clients { 172.16.0.0/16;};
zone "."IN {
type hint;
file "named.ca";
};
zone "localhost.localdomain"IN {
type master;
file "named.localhost";
allow-update { none; };
};
zone "localhost"IN {
type master;
file "named.localhost";
allow-update { none; };
};
zone         "1.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.ip6.a    rpa"IN {
type master;
file "named.loopback";
allow-update { none; };
};
zone "1.0.0.127.in-addr.arpa"IN {
type master;
file "named.loopback";
allow-update { none; };
};
zone "0.in-addr.arpa"IN {
type master;
file "named.empty";
allow-update { none; };
};
zone "19.16.172.in-addr.arpa"IN {
type master;
file "172.16.19.zone";
allow-transfer {127.0.0.1;172.16.19.1;};
};
zone "mageedu.com"IN {
type master;
file "mageedu.com.Innernet";
};
};
view default{
match-clients { any; };
zone "mageedu.com"IN {
type master;
file "mageedu.com.default";
};
};


2 为内网解析添加区域数据文件

# vim /var/named/mageedu.com.Innernet
$TTL 86400
@       IN      SOA     dsn.mageedu.com. admin.mageedu.com (
2014031901
1D
12H
1D
12H )
IN      NS      dns
IN      MX 20mail
dns     IN      A       172.16.19.100
mail    IN      A       172.16.19.101
www     IN      A       172.16.19.102
pop     IN      CNAME   mail
ftp     IN      CNAME   ww
3.为其他网段添加区域数据文件

# vim /var/named/mageedu.com.default
$TTL 86400
@       IN      SOA     dsn.mageedu.com. admin.mageedu.com (
2014031901
1D
12H
1D
12H )
IN      NS      dns
IN      MX 20mail
dns     IN      A       192.168.1.100
mail    IN      A       192.168.1.101
www     IN      A       192.168.1.102
pop     IN      CNAME   mail
ftp     IN      CNAME   www


4.为区域数据文件改变属主、属组hequanxian

# chown root:named /var/named/mageedu.com.default/var/named/mageedu.com.Innernet
]# chmod 640/var/named/mageedu.com.default/var/named/mageedu.com.Innernet
# ll /var/named/mageedu.com.*
-rw-r----- 1root named 233Mar 1619:40/var/named/mageedu.com.default
-rw-r----- 1root named 232Mar 1619:31/var/named/mageedu.com.Innernet


5.验证配置文件是否有错误

# service named configtest
zone localhost.localdomain/IN: loaded serial 0
zone localhost/IN: loaded serial 0
zone 1.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.ip6.arpa/IN: loaded serial 0
zone 1.0.0.127.in-addr.arpa/IN: loaded serial 0
zone 0.in-addr.arpa/IN: loaded serial 0
zone 19.16.172.in-addr.arpa/IN: loaded serial 2014031902
zone mageedu.com/IN: loaded serial 2014031901
zone mageedu.com/IN: loaded serial 2014031901


6.启动named服务

# named -u named
7.使用dig命令验证,view视图配置成功

# dig -t A www.mageedu.com @192.168.1.100
; <<>> DiG 9.8.2rc1-RedHat-9.8.2-0.17.rc1.el6 <<>> -t A www.mageedu.com @192.168.1.100
;; global options: +cmd
;; Got answer:
;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 33369
;; flags: qr aa rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 1, AUTHORITY: 1, ADDITIONAL: 1
;; QUESTION SECTION:
;www.mageedu.com.       IN  A
;; ANSWER SECTION:
www.mageedu.com.    86400IN  A   192.168.1.102
;; AUTHORITY SECTION:
mageedu.com.        86400IN  NS  dns.mageedu.com.
;; ADDITIONAL SECTION:
dns.mageedu.com.    86400IN  A   192.168.1.100
;; Query time: 1msec
;; SERVER: 192.168.1.100#53(192.168.1.100)
;; WHEN: Sun Mar 1614:38:512014
;; MSG SIZE  rcvd: 83
# dig -t A www.mageedu.com @172.16.19.100
; <<>> DiG 9.8.2rc1-RedHat-9.8.2-0.17.rc1.el6 <<>> -t A www.mageedu.com @172.16.19.100
;; global options: +cmd
;; Got answer:
;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 8257
;; flags: qr aa rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 1, AUTHORITY: 1, ADDITIONAL: 1
;; QUESTION SECTION:
;www.mageedu.com.       IN  A
;; ANSWER SECTION:
www.mageedu.com.    86400IN  A   172.16.19.102
;; AUTHORITY SECTION:
mageedu.com.        86400IN  NS  dns.mageedu.com.
;; ADDITIONAL SECTION:
dns.mageedu.com.    86400IN  A   172.16.19.100
;; Query time: 2msec
;; SERVER: 172.16.19.100#53(172.16.19.100)
;; WHEN: Sun Mar 1614:39:032014
;; MSG SIZE  rcvd: 83
内容来自用户分享和网络整理,不保证内容的准确性,如有侵权内容,可联系管理员处理 点击这里给我发消息