解决Linux中分区之后不能创建文件系统

1.使用fdisk成功创建主分区/dev/sdb1，查看/proc/partitions中的分区信息

[root@localhost ~]# cat /proc/partitions
major minor  #blocks  name
8        0   20971520 sda
8        1     512000 sda1
8        2   20458496 sda2
8       16   10485760 sdb
8       17     522081 sdb1
8       32   10485760 sdc
8       33    1060258 sdc1
8       34    1060290 sdc2
8       35    1060290 sdc3
8       36          1 sdc4
8       37    1060258 sdc5
253        0   18849792 dm-0
253        1    1605632 dm-1
253        2    1060258 dm-2
253        3    1060290 dm-3
253        4    1060290 dm-4
253        5          1 dm-5
253        6    1060258 dm-6
253        7     112423 dm-7
253        8          1 dm-8
253        9     522081 dm-9

2.使用mke2fs创建文件系统提示/dev/sdb1正在被系统使用

[root@localhost ~]# mke2fs -t ext4 /dev/sdb1
mke2fs 1.41.12 (17-May-2010)
/dev/sdb1 is apparently in use by the system; will not make a filesystem here!

3.使用mount查看/dev/sdb1是否被挂载，发现/dev/sdb1并没有被挂载

[root@localhost ~]# mount
/dev/mapper/VolGroup-lv_root on / type ext4 (rw)
proc on /proc type proc (rw)
sysfs on /sys type sysfs (rw)
devpts on /dev/pts type devpts (rw,gid=5,mode=620)
tmpfs on /dev/shm type tmpfs (rw,rootcontext="system_u:object_r:tmpfs_t:s0")
/dev/sda1 on /boot type ext4 (rw)
none on /proc/sys/fs/binfmt_misc type binfmt_misc (rw)
sunrpc on /var/lib/nfs/rpc_pipefs type rpc_pipefs (rw)

4.使用dd命令发现磁盘读写正常

[root@localhost ~]# fdisk -l /dev/sdb
Disk /dev/sdb: 10.7 GB, 10737418240 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 1305 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x1c69f2ed
Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
/dev/sdb1               1          65      522081   83  Linux
[root@localhost ~]# dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/sdb bs=512 count=1
1+0 records in
1+0 records out
512 bytes (512 B) copied, 0.000116963 s, 4.4 MB/s
[root@localhost ~]# fdisk -l /dev/sdb
Disk /dev/sdb: 10.7 GB, 10737418240 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 1305 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x00000000

5.使用fuser查看/dev/sdb1磁盘被系统中那个进程使用,发现并没用进程使用该磁盘

[root@localhost ~]# fuser   /dev/sdb1
[root@localhost ~]#

6.使用dmsetup status命令发现 /dev/sd1 正在被dm服务占用，所以我们创建文件系统时提示报错。我们手工的移除，就可以正常的创建文件系统

[root@localhost ~]# dmsetup status
VolGroup-lv_swap: 0 3211264 linear
VolGroup-lv_root: 0 37699584 linear
sdb2: 0 2 linear
sdb1: 0 224847 linear
sdc5: 0 2120517 linear
sdc4: 0 2 linear
sdc3: 0 2120580 linear
sdc2: 0 2120580 linear
sdc1: 0 2120517 linear
sdb5: 0 1044162 linear

7.手工的移除/dev/sdb的映射关系（取消占用），就可以正常的创建文件系统

[root@localhost ~]# dmsetup remove sdb1
[root@localhost ~]# dmsetup remove sdb2
[root@localhost ~]# dmsetup remove sdb5
[root@localhost ~]# dmsetup status
VolGroup-lv_swap: 0 3211264 linear
VolGroup-lv_root: 0 37699584 linear
sdc5: 0 2120517 linear
sdc4: 0 2 linear
sdc3: 0 2120580 linear
sdc2: 0 2120580 linear
sdc1: 0 2120517 linear

8.成功创建文件系统且类型为ext4

[root@localhost ~]# mke2fs -t ext4 /dev/sdb1
mke2fs 1.41.12 (17-May-2010)
Filesystem label=
OS type: Linux
Block size=1024 (log=0)
Fragment size=1024 (log=0)
Stride=0 blocks, Stripe width=0 blocks
130560 inodes, 522080 blocks
26104 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
First data block=1
Maximum filesystem blocks=67633152
64 block groups
8192 blocks per group, 8192 fragments per group
2040 inodes per group
Superblock backups stored on blocks:
8193, 24577, 40961, 57345, 73729, 204801, 221185, 401409
Writing inode tables: done
Creating journal (8192 blocks): done
Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done
This filesystem will be automatically checked every 24 mounts or
180 days, whichever comes first.  Use tune2fs -c or -i to override.
[root@localhost ~]#

[root@localhost ~]# blkid /dev/sdb1
/dev/sdb1: UUID="7fe362b4-389b-40f8-91ed-07572abc350a" TYPE="ext4"