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如何停止CSS3的动画?

2013-11-19 11:39 381 查看

前言

我们在移动端一般使用zepto框架,与其说zepto是jquery的轻量级替代版,不如说是html5替代版
我们在js中会用到animate方法执行动画,这个家伙可是真资格的动画,完全是css一点点变化的!
而zepto则不然,使用的是HTML5/CSS3的方案,而CSS相关是不保存元素状态值的,也没办法保存,所以停止动画就成了一大问题
我们今天就一起来讨论下相关停止动画的方案,反正没有什么好的......

CSS3动画原理

在现有浏览器中,一般有两种模式(我只知道两种):
一种是js动画,他是动态改写元素的style实现动画,所以任意时间想停止动画都是没问题的,因为我们可以获得各个阶段的状态值
另一种就是CSS3动画了,至于CSS3动画的原理,我不知道但是可以说一点的就是——见代码

<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head>
<title></title>
<script id="Script1" type="text/javascript" class="library" src="/js/sandbox/other/zepto.min.js"></script>
</head>
<body>
<div id="Div1" style="background-color: Orange; width: 100px; height: 100px; position: absolute;
left: 0; border: 1px solid black; ">
</div>
</body>
<script src="../zepto.js" type="text/javascript"></script>
<script type="text/javascript">
var d = $('#d');
d.animate({
left: '100px'
}, 10000);

setTimeout(function () {
d.html('left: ' + d.css('left'));
}, 1);

</script>
</html>


http://sandbox.runjs.cn/show/xziwuir2

zepto的animate事实上马上就改变了style的值,所以我们在里面看到了left为100px,虽然他正在运动
而他动画的实现事实上使用的是CSS3的transition动画属性,我们这里来看看zepto的源码:

var prefix = '', eventPrefix, endEventName, endAnimationName,
vendors = { Webkit: 'webkit', Moz: '', O: 'o', ms: 'MS' },
document = window.document, testEl = document.createElement('div'),
supportedTransforms = /^((translate|rotate|scale)(X|Y|Z|3d)?|matrix(3d)?|perspective|skew(X|Y)?)$/i,
transform,
transitionProperty, transitionDuration, transitionTiming,
animationName, animationDuration, animationTiming,
cssReset = {}

function dasherize(str) { return downcase(str.replace(/([a-z])([A-Z])/, '$1-$2')) }
function downcase(str) { return str.toLowerCase() }
function normalizeEvent(name) { return eventPrefix ? eventPrefix + name : downcase(name) }

$.each(vendors, function (vendor, event) {
if (testEl.style[vendor + 'TransitionProperty'] !== undefined) {
prefix = '-' + downcase(vendor) + '-'
eventPrefix = event
return false
}
})

transform = prefix + 'transform'
cssReset[transitionProperty = prefix + 'transition-property'] =
cssReset[transitionDuration = prefix + 'transition-duration'] =
cssReset[transitionTiming = prefix + 'transition-timing-function'] =
cssReset[animationName = prefix + 'animation-name'] =
cssReset[animationDuration = prefix + 'animation-duration'] =
cssReset[animationTiming = prefix + 'animation-timing-function'] = ''

$.fx = {
off: (eventPrefix === undefined && testEl.style.transitionProperty === undefined),
speeds: { _default: 400, fast: 200, slow: 600 },
cssPrefix: prefix,
transitionEnd: normalizeEvent('TransitionEnd'),
animationEnd: normalizeEvent('AnimationEnd')
}

$.fn.animate = function (properties, duration, ease, callback) {
if ($.isPlainObject(duration))
ease = duration.easing, callback = duration.complete, duration = duration.duration
if (duration) duration = (typeof duration == 'number' ? duration :
($.fx.speeds[duration] || $.fx.speeds._default)) / 1000
return this.anim(properties, duration, ease, callback)
}

$.fn.anim = function (properties, duration, ease, callback) {
var key, cssValues = {}, cssProperties, transforms = '',
that = this, wrappedCallback, endEvent = $.fx.transitionEnd

if (duration === undefined) duration = 0.4
if ($.fx.off) duration = 0

if (typeof properties == 'string') {
// keyframe animation
cssValues[animationName] = properties
cssValues[animationDuration] = duration + 's'
cssValues[animationTiming] = (ease || 'linear')
endEvent = $.fx.animationEnd
} else {
cssProperties = []
// CSS transitions
for (key in properties)
if (supportedTransforms.test(key)) transforms += key + '(' + properties[key] + ') '
else cssValues[key] = properties[key], cssProperties.push(dasherize(key))

if (transforms) cssValues[transform] = transforms, cssProperties.push(transform)
if (duration > 0 && typeof properties === 'object') {
cssValues[transitionProperty] = cssProperties.join(', ')
cssValues[transitionDuration] = duration + 's'
cssValues[transitionTiming] = (ease || 'linear')
}
}

wrappedCallback = function (event) {
if (typeof event !== 'undefined') {
if (event.target !== event.currentTarget) return // makes sure the event didn't bubble from "below"
$(event.target).unbind(endEvent, wrappedCallback)
}
$(this).css(cssReset)
callback && callback.call(this)
}
if (duration > 0) this.bind(endEvent, wrappedCallback)

// trigger page reflow so new elements can animate
this.size() && this.get(0).clientLeft

this.css(cssValues)

if (duration <= 0) setTimeout(function () {
that.each(function () { wrappedCallback.call(this) })
}, 0)

return this
}


View Code
最后实际上是执行anim实现我们的动画,大家注意看这里
$(this).css(cssReset)
this.css(cssValues)
他事实上搞了个先设置动画属性,再给style属性给元素,所以会产生动画
到此,zepto实现动画原理我们大概知道了,现在问题就是如何停止他了,所以我们继续往下看

如何停止动画

我们先看看这个东西:

<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head>
<title></title>
<script id="Script2" type="text/javascript" class="library" src="/js/sandbox/other/zepto.min.js"></script>
</head>
<body>
<div id="Div2" style="background-color: Orange; width: 100px; height: 100px; position: absolute;
left: 0; border: 1px solid black;">
</div>
</body>
<script src="../zepto.js" type="text/javascript"></script>
<script type="text/javascript">
var d = $('#d');
d.animate({
left: '100px'
}, 10000);

setInterval(function () {
d.html('left: ' + d.css('left') + ' _ offsetLeft: ' + d[0].offsetLeft);
}, 1);

</script>
</html>


http://sandbox.runjs.cn/show/gdqezvdo

其中虽然left一开始就变了,我们惊奇的发现,offset这个家伙居然保存了我们的状态!!!
我和我的小伙伴都惊呆了,因为我之前一直以为什么状态都不能获得,于是我们为他加上mousedown事件,各位运动时候点击试试
我们这里这样干了下:

<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head>
<title></title>
<script id="Script3" type="text/javascript" class="library" src="/js/sandbox/other/zepto.min.js"></script>
</head>
<body>
<div id="Div3" style="background-color: Orange; width: 100px; height: 100px; position: absolute;
left: 0; border: 1px solid black;">
</div>
</body>
<script src="../zepto.js" type="text/javascript"></script>
<script type="text/javascript">
var d = $('#d');
d.animate({
left: '100px'
}, 10000);

setInterval(function () {
d.html('left: ' + d.css('left') + ' _ offsetLeft: ' + d[0].offsetLeft);
}, 1);

d.mousedown(function (e) {
console.log(d);
d.css('transition', 'left 0s linear');
d.css('left', d[0].offsetLeft + 'px');
});

</script>
</html>


于是我们发现,动画停止了,亲!他真的停止了!!!
PS:因为项目过程中,我这里要模仿类似iscroll的滚动效果,所以使用的最多的就是top或者translate3d(0, 0, 0)这种东西

结语

本来这里还想深入一点研究下的,但是现在时间有点来不及,事情有点多,暂时到这里了吧,具体的demo争取周末搞出来
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