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【Android基础入门〖17〗】自定义标签 和 自定义组件

2013-11-03 10:05 495 查看
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1 自定义标签

这是我的模板项目目录





既然想像 android:text 那样使用自己的标签,那么首先得有标签。
在 res/values/ 下我新建了个 mm_tag.xml (切记不可出现大写,只能是 小写字母、数字、下划线)

第一步: 自定义 标签

mm_tag.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>

<resources>

<declare-styleable name="GridItem">

<attr name="bkground" format="reference|color"/>

<attr name="text1" format="string"/>

<attr name="text2" format="string"/>

<attr name="image" format="reference|integer"/>

</declare-styleable>

</resources>

format 参考:
1. reference:参考某一资源ID
2. color:颜色值
3. boolean:布尔值
4. dimension:尺寸值
5. float:浮点值
6. integer:整型值
7. string:字符串
8. fraction:百分数
9. enum:枚举值

//属性定义:

< declare -styleable name = "名称" >

<attr name = "orientation" >

<enum name = "horizontal" value = "0" />

<enum name = "vertical" value = "1" />

</attr>

</ declare -styleable>

//属性使用:

<LinearLayout

xmlns:android = "http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"

android:orientation = "vertical"

android:layout_width = "fill_parent"

android:layout_height = "fill_parent"

>

</LinearLayout>

10. flag:位或运算

//属性定义:

< declare -styleable name = "名称" >

<attr name = "windowSoftInputMode" >

<flag name = "stateUnspecified" value = "0" />

<flag name = "stateUnchanged" value = "1" />

<flag name = "stateHidden" value = "2" />

</attr>

</ declare -styleable>

//属性使用:

<activity

android: name = ".StyleAndThemeActivity"

android:label = "@string/app_name"

android:windowSoftInputMode = "stateUnspecified | stateUnchanged | stateHidden" >

<intent-filter>

< action android: name = "android.intent.action.MAIN" />

<category android: name = "android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />

</intent-filter>

</activity>


11.注意:属性定义时可以指定多种类型值。

//属性定义:

< declare -styleable name = "名称" >

<attr name = "background" format = "reference|color" />

</ declare -styleable>

//属性使用:

<ImageView

android:layout_width = "42dip"

android:layout_height = "42dip"

android: background = "@drawable/图片ID|#00FF00" />

第二步: 在自定义组件中获得标签传回的数据

比如我们在布局中使用自定义组件 GridItem:
首先 声明好 标签的命名空间

xmlns:griditem = "http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/com.mm.template"

//对比下 android 的命名空间:

xmlns:android = "http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"

发现只有 res/后面的不同,com.mm.template 是我的应用程序包名,通过上文中的 项目目录图片可以看出来,
griditem 是我随便想的一个命名空间的名字。
接下来就是使用自定义组件


< com.mm.template.GridItem

griditem:image = "@drawable/mm_1"

android:padding = "5dp"

android:layout_width = "wrap_content"

android:layout_height = "wrap_content"

android:layout_weight = "1"

griditem:bkground = "@color/orange"

griditem:text1 = "Android" griditem:text2 = "手机开发" />

其中 用到了我们的自定义标签:

griditem:image = "@drawable/mm_1"

griditem:bkground = "@color/orange"

griditem:text1 = "Android"

griditem:text2 = "手机开发"

怎么获取标签传回的数据呢呢?
在自定义组件 GridItem 的实现代码中使用如下方法即可

public GridItem(Context context, AttributeSet attrs) {

super(context, attrs);

TypedArray typedarray=context.obtainStyledAttributes(attrs, R.styleable.GridItem);

bk_color =typedarray.getResourceId(R.styleable.GridItem_bkground, R.color.burlywood);

text1 =typedarray.getString(R.styleable.GridItem_text1);

text2 =typedarray.getString(R.styleable.GridItem_text2);

image=typedarray.getDrawable(R.styleable.GridItem_image);

typedarray.recycle();

view=LayoutInflater.from(context).inflate(R.layout.mm_grid_item, this,true);

layout=(LinearLayout)view.findViewById(R.id.item_layout);

textview1=(TextView)view.findViewById(R.id.text1);

textview2=(TextView)view.findViewById(R.id.text2);

imageview=(ImageView)view.findViewById(R.id.imageview);

layout.setBackgroundResource(bk_color); //设置背景色

textview1.setText(text1); //设置第一行文字

textview2.setText(text2); //设置第二行文字

imageview.setImageDrawable(image); //设置图标

}

即可获得 我们自定义标签传过来的数据,并且正确的在界面中显示出来。
下面我将结合自定义 组件 GridItem 来一起讲。

2 自定义组件

我想实现一个组件,类似于这样的





方法有很多种,自定义布局即可,现在我想让它以组件的形式在 布局中直接 像 TextView 一样使用,





那么就用到自定义组件。
下面我将实现一个自定义组件 GridItem 实现。

一般都是继承于 Layout(我用继承于View时出现问题 ~~!)
GridItem.java

package com.mm.template;

import android.content.Context;

import android.content.res.TypedArray;

import android.graphics.drawable.Drawable;

import android.util.AttributeSet;

import android.view.LayoutInflater;

import android.view.View;

import android.widget.ImageView;

import android.widget.LinearLayout;

import android.widget.TextView;

public class GridItem extends LinearLayout {

private int bk_color; //背景色

private String text1; //第一行文字

private String text2; //第二行文字

private Drawable image; //图标

private LinearLayout layout;

private TextView textview1;

private TextView textview2;

private ImageView imageview;

private View view;

public GridItem(Context context, AttributeSet attrs) {

super(context, attrs);

TypedArray typedarray=context.obtainStyledAttributes(attrs, R.styleable.GridItem);

bk_color =typedarray.getResourceId(R.styleable.GridItem_bkground, R.color.burlywood);

text1 =typedarray.getString(R.styleable.GridItem_text1);

text2 =typedarray.getString(R.styleable.GridItem_text2);

image=typedarray.getDrawable(R.styleable.GridItem_image);

typedarray.recycle();

view=LayoutInflater.from(context).inflate(R.layout.mm_grid_item, this,true);

layout=(LinearLayout)view.findViewById(R.id.item_layout);

textview1=(TextView)view.findViewById(R.id.text1);

textview2=(TextView)view.findViewById(R.id.text2);

imageview=(ImageView)view.findViewById(R.id.imageview);

layout.setBackgroundResource(bk_color); //设置背景色

textview1.setText(text1); //设置第一行文字

textview2.setText(text2); //设置第二行文字

imageview.setImageDrawable(image); //设置图标

}

}

这个自定义组件 GridItem 用到的布局文件
mm_grid_item.xml

<? xml version = "1.0" encoding = "utf-8" ?>

< LinearLayout xmlns:android = "http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"

xmlns:tools = "http://schemas.android.com/tools"

android: id = "@+id/item_layout"

android:layout_width = "match_parent"

android:layout_height = "match_parent"

android:orientation = "vertical"

android: background = "@color/black"

android:padding = "3dp"

android:paddingLeft = "6dp"

tools:ignore = "HardcodedText,ContentDescription" >

< TextView

android: id = "@+id/text1"

android:layout_weight = "1"

style = "@style/MM_TextView" />

< TextView

android: id = "@+id/text2"

android:layout_weight = "1"

android:textSize = "12sp"

style = "@style/MM_TextView" />

< ImageView

android: id = "@+id/imageview"

android:layout_width = "wrap_content"

android:layout_height = "0dp"

android:layout_gravity = "right"

android: src = "@drawable/mm_title_1"

android:layout_weight = "2"

android:layout_marginTop = "10dp"

android:scaleType = "fitCenter" />

<!--图片缩放

android:scaleX="0.8"

android:scaleY="0.8" --> </ LinearLayout >

3 使用方法

main_layout.xml (我的主布局文件)中使用

< LinearLayout xmlns:android = "http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"

xmlns:tools = "http://schemas.android.com/tools"

xmlns:griditem = "http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/com.mm.template"

android:layout_width = "match_parent"

android:layout_height = "match_parent"

android: background = "@color/white"

android:orientation = "vertical"

tools:ignore = "HardcodedText,ContentDescription,NestedWeights" >

<!-- Head start -->

< LinearLayout

android:layout_width = "match_parent"

android:layout_height = "44dp"

android:orientation = "horizontal"

android:padding = "10dp"

android: background = "@color/red" >

< ImageView

android:layout_width = "wrap_content"

android:layout_height = "match_parent"

android: src = "@drawable/mm_title_1" />

< TextView

android:layout_width = "0dp"

android:layout_height = "match_parent"

android:layout_weight = "1"

android:gravity = "center"

android: text = "测试案例"

android:textStyle = "bold"

android:textSize = "16sp"

android:textColor = "@android:color/white" />

< ImageView

android:layout_width = "wrap_content"

android:layout_height = "match_parent"

android: src = "@drawable/mm_title_2" />

</ LinearLayout >

<!-- Head end -->

<!-- Search start-->

< LinearLayout

android:layout_width = "match_parent"

android:layout_height = "36dp"

android:orientation = "vertical"

android:paddingTop = "3dp"

android:layout_margin = "8dp" >

< EditText

android: id = "@+id/search_edit"

android:layout_width = "match_parent"

android:layout_height = "match_parent"

android:drawableLeft = "@drawable/mm_search"

android: background = "@drawable/mm_shape_editview"

android:hint = "请输入关键字"

android:textSize = "16sp"

android:textColorHint = "@color/darkgray"

android:textStyle = "bold"

android:padding = "6dp" />

</ LinearLayout >

<!-- Search end -->

<!-- GridItem start -->

< LinearLayout

android:layout_width = "match_parent"

android:layout_height = "0dp"

android:layout_weight = "1"

android:orientation = "horizontal"

android:layout_margin = "10dp" >

< com.mm.template.GridItem

griditem:image = "@drawable/mm_1"

android:padding = "5dp"

android:layout_width = "wrap_content"

android:layout_height = "wrap_content"

android:layout_weight = "1"

griditem:bkground = "@color/orange"

griditem:text1 = "Android"

griditem:text2 = "手机开发" />

< com.mm.template.GridItem

griditem:image = "@drawable/mm_2"

android:padding = "5dp"

android:layout_width = "wrap_content"

android:layout_height = "wrap_content"

android:layout_weight = "1"

griditem:bkground = "@color/blueviolet"

griditem:text1 = "C++"

griditem:text2 = "编程语言" />

< com.mm.template.GridItem

griditem:image = "@drawable/mm_3"

android:padding = "5dp"

android:layout_width = "wrap_content"

android:layout_height = "wrap_content"

android:layout_weight = "1"

griditem:bkground = "@color/blue"

griditem:text1 = "服务端"

griditem:text2 = "后台开发" />

</ LinearLayout >

<!-- GridItem end --> </ LinearLayout >

也就是 <com /> 标签为我们自定义的 GridItem 组件。

4 结果展示





参考来源: <http://blog.sina.com.cn/s/blog_62ef2f14010105vi.html>

注:转载请注明出处
:) 毕竟代码是一个一个敲出来的啊,O(∩_∩)O~

原:http://blog.csdn.net/mkrcpp/article/details/12179847


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