Spring 3 MVC: Create Hello World Application In Spring 3.0 MVC(reprint)
2013-10-10 11:19
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Things We Need
Before we starts with our first Hello World Spring MVC Example, we will need few tools.JDK 1.5 above (download)
Tomcat 5.x above or any other container (Glassfish, JBoss, Websphere, Weblogic etc) (download)
Eclipse 3.2.x above (download)
Spring 3.0 MVC JAR files:(download). Following are the list of JAR files required for this application.
commons-logging-1.0.4.jar
jstl-1.2.jar
org.springframework.asm-3.0.1.RELEASE-A.jar
org.springframework.beans-3.0.1.RELEASE-A.jar
org.springframework.context-3.0.1.RELEASE-A.jar
org.springframework.core-3.0.1.RELEASE-A.jar
org.springframework.expression-3.0.1.RELEASE-A.jar
org.springframework.web.servlet-3.0.1.RELEASE-A.jar
org.springframework.web-3.0.1.RELEASE-A.jar
Note that depending on the current version of Spring MVC, the version number of above jar files may change.
Our Goal
Our goal is to create a basic Spring MVC application using latest 3.0 version. There will be an index page which will display a link “Say Hello” to user. On clicking this link, user will be redirected to another page hello which will display a message “Hello World, Spring 3.0!”.Getting Started
Let us start with our first Spring 3.0 MVC based application.Open Eclipse and goto File -> New -> Project and select Dynamic Web Project in the New Project wizard screen.
After selecting Dynamic Web Project, press Next.
Write the name of the project. For example Spring3MVC. Once this is done, select the target runtime environment (e.g. Apache Tomcat v6.0). This is to run the project inside Eclipse environment. After this press Finish.
Once the project is created, you can see its structure in Project Explorer.
Now copy all the required JAR files in WebContent > WEB-INF > lib folder. Create this folder if it does not exists.
The Spring Controller Class
We will need a spring mvc controller class that will process the request and display a “Hello World” message. For this we will create a packagenet.viralpatel.spring3.controllerin the source folder. This package will contain the Controller file.
Create a class called HelloWorldController in net.viralpatel.spring3.controller package and copy following content into it.
File: net.viralpatel.spring3.controller.HelloWorldController
@Controllerand
@RequestMapping("/hello")on line 7 and 10. When Spring scans our package, it will recognize this bean as being a Controller bean for processing requests. The
@RequestMappingannotation tells Spring that this Controller should process all requests beginning with /hello in the URL path. That includes
/hello/*and
/hello.html.
The helloWorld() method returns
ModelAndViewobject. The ModelAndView object tries to resolve to a view named “hello” and the data model is being passed back to the browser so we can access the data within the JSP. The logical view name will resolve to
"/WEB-INF/jsp/hello.jsp". We will discuss this shortly how the logical name “hello” which is return in ModelAndView object is mapped to path /WEB-INF/jsp/hello.jsp.
The ModelAndView object also contains a message with key “message” and value “Hello World, Spring 3.0!”. This is the data that we are passing to our view. Normally this will be a value object in form of java bean that will contain the data to be displayed on our view. Here we are simply passing a string.
The View: Create JSP
To display the hello world message we will create a JSP. Note that this JSP is created in folder /WEB-INF/jsp. Createhello.jspunder WEB-INF/jsp directory and copy following content into it.
File: WEB-INF/jsp/hello.jsp
${message}. Note that the name “message” is the one which we have set in
ModelAndViewobject with the message string.
Also we will need an index.jsp file which will be the entry point of our application. Create a file index.jsp under WebContent folder in your project and copy following content into it.
File: WebContent/index.jsp
Mapping Spring MVC in WEB.xml
As discussed in the previous article (Introduction to Spring 3.0 MVC), the entry point of Spring MVC application will be the Servlet define in deployment descriptor (web.xml). Hence we will define an entry oforg.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServletclass in web.xml.
Open web.xml file which is under WEB-INF folder and copy paste following code.
File: WEB-INF/web.xml
One thing to note here is the name of servlet in <servlet-name> tag in web.xml. Once the DispatcherServlet is initialized, it will looks for a file name
[servlet-name]-servlet.xmlin WEB-INF folder of web application. In this example, the framework will look for file called
spring-servlet.xml.
Spring configuration file
Create a file spring-servlet.xml in WEB-INF folder and copy following content into it.File: WEB-INF/spring-servlet.xml
net.viralpatel.spring3.controllerand all its child packages. This will load our
HelloWorldControllerclass. Also we have defined a bean
viewResolver. This bean will resolve the view and add prefix string /WEB-INF/jsp/ and suffix .jsp to the view in ModelAndView. Note that in our HelloWorldController class, we have return a ModelAndView object with view name “hello”. This will be resolved to path /WEB-INF/jsp/hello.jsp.
That’s All Folks
You may want to run the application now and see the result. I assume you have already configured Tomcat in eclipse. All you need to do:Open Server view from Windows > Show View > Server. Right click in this view and select New > Server and add your server details.
To run the project, right click on Project name from Project Explorer and select Run as > Run on Server (Shortcut: Alt+Shift+X, R)
Download Source Code
Click here to download source code (9.05kb)Moving On
In this tutorial we created a small Hello World application using Spring 3.0 MVC framework. Also we learned about the spring configuration and different annotations like@Controllerand
@RequestMapping. In next article we will see how easy it is to handle form data using Spring 3.0 MVC.
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