Python 安装 MySQLdb

http://www.blogjava.net/huyi2006/articles/247966.html

http://eatsalt.blog.163.com/blog/static/87940266201102311504421/
http://hi.baidu.com/hevensun/item/51ee140eca4b3d26a0312d81 http://blog.csdn.net/showljj/article/details/8510871 http://scelong.iteye.com/blog/837055
MySQL 是十分流行的開源資料庫系統，很多網站也是使用 MySQL 作為後台資料儲存，而 Python 要連接 MySQL 可以使用 MySQL 模組。MySQLdb 模組可以讓 Python 程式連線到 MySQL server, 執行 SQL 語句及擷取資料等。

開始前要確定系統內的 Python 有安裝 MySQLdb 模式，你可以 Python command line interpreter 檢查，在指令模式輸入 python，然後便可以開始檢查：

Python 2.5.1 (r251:54863, May 2 2007, 16:56:35)
[GCC 4.1.2 (Ubuntu 4.1.2-0ubuntu4)] on linux2
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> import MySQLdb
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "", line 1, in
ImportError: No module named MySQLdb
>>> exit()

如果見以上面的 "ImportError: No module named MySQLdb" 一句，便表示系統沒有安裝，到 MySQLdb 官方網站 下載 MySQLdb，並用以下方法安裝：

http://nchc.dl.sourceforge.net/project/mysql-python/mysql-python/1.2.3/MySQL-python-1.2.3.tar.gz

$ tar zxvf MySQL-python-1.2.2.tar.gz
$ cd MySQL-python-1.2.2
$ python setup.py build
$ python setup.py install

shell中输入：
wget http://pypi.python.org/packages/source/s/setuptools/setuptools-0.6c11.tar.gz tar zxvf setuptools-0.6c11.tar.gz
cd setuptools-0.6c11
python setup.py build python setup.py install

还要安装 python-devel (yum install python-devel*)

代码:root@vpser:~# cd MySQL-python-1.2.3
root@vpser:~/MySQL-python-1.2.3# python setup.py install
sh: mysql_config: not found
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "setup.py", line 15, in <module>
metadata, options = get_config()
File "/root/MySQL-python-1.2.3/setup_posix.py", line 43, in get_config
libs = mysql_config("libs_r")
File "/root/MySQL-python-1.2.3/setup_posix.py", line 24, in mysql_config
raise EnvironmentError("%s not found" % (mysql_config.path,))

EnvironmentError: mysql_config not found

首先查找mysql_config的位置，使用find / -name mysql_config ，比如我的在/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_config

修改setup_posix.py文件，在26行：
mysql_config.path = "mysql_config" 修改为：
mysql_config.path = "/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_config"

修改完成后保存，再执行
python setup.py build python setup.py install
python setup.py bdist_rpm

mysql_config not found

配置MySQL-Python的时候系统报错，提示：

EnvironmentError: mysql_config not found

Google后得知mysql_config是属于MySQL开发用的文件，而使用apt-get安装的MySQL是没有这个文件的，于是在包安装器里面寻找

libmysqld-dev

libmysqlclient-dev

这两个包安装后问题即可解决

or:

#apt-get -y install mysql-server mysql-client libmysqlclient-dev mytop

   今日，在安装Pylons时，前面的安装都非常的顺利，但是在安装MySQLdb工具时，在安装的时候就出现了一大陀错误，

Python代码  


mysql.c:2810: error: expected declaration specifiers before ‘init_mysql’

_mysql.c:2888: error: expected ‘{’ at end of input

error: <span style="color: #0000ff;">command 'gcc' failed with exit status 1</span>

在网上搜寻一番，和结合自己的实际情况，发现少安装了几个只要的软件包：

apt-get install python-dev
apt-get install libmysqlclient-dev
如此，安装就顺利完成了

Extract it and run:

python setup.py build
sudo python setup.py install

If you get this error you need to install python-dev package:

In file included from _mysql.c:29:
pymemcompat.h:10:20: error: Python.h: No such file or directory
_mysql.c:30:26: error: structmember.h: No such file or directory
In file included from /usr/include/mysql/mysql.h:44,
from _mysql.c:40:
.
.
.
_mysql.c:2808: warning: return type defaults to 'int'
_mysql.c: In function 'DL_EXPORT':
_mysql.c:2808: error: expected declaration specifiers before 'init_mysql'
_mysql.c:2886: error: expected '{' at end of input
error: command 'gcc' failed with exit status 1

Installing the python-dev package on Debian is done with apt-get or synaptic:

apt-get install python-dev

Installing the library should now work:

python setup.py build
python setup.py install

Next test the library in the python console:

import MySQLdb
# Note that this example uses UTF-8 encoding
conn = MySQLdb.connect(host='localhost', user='...', passwd='...', db='...', charset = "utf8", use_unicode = True)
cursor = conn.cursor()
cursor.execute ("SELECT * FROM cities")
rows = cursor.fetchall ()
for row in rows:
print "%s, %s" % (row[0], row[1].encode('utf-8'))
print "Number of rows returned: %d" % cursor.rowcount

Don’t forget to close the cursor and connection, and if you’re inserting data commit before closing, because autocommit is disabled by default: