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编译内核模块常见问题

2013-02-15 19:19 211 查看
在x86上做出来了,但是在ARM上却出现了很多问题,有内核代码准备的问题,有模块代码问题,也有Makefile的问题。看似不起眼的角色,出了问题也很纠结。

第一种:内核代码没有准备好

[root@localhost module]# make 
make -C /opt/kangear/kernel/linux-2.6.32.2 M=/root/桌面/kangear/module modules
make[1]: Entering directory `/opt/kangear/kernel/linux-2.6.32.2'

  ERROR: Kernel configuration is invalid.
         include/linux/autoconf.h or include/config/auto.conf are missing.
         Run 'make oldconfig && make prepare' on kernel src to fix it.

  WARNING: Symbol version dump /opt/kangear/kernel/linux-2.6.32.2/Module.symvers
           is missing; modules will have no dependencies and modversions.

  Building modules, stage 2.
/opt/kangear/kernel/linux-2.6.32.2/scripts/Makefile.modpost:42: include/config/auto.conf: 没有那个文件或目录
make[2]: *** 没有规则可以创建目标“include/config/auto.conf”。 停止。
make[1]: *** [modules] 错误 2
make[1]: Leaving directory `/opt/kangear/kernel/linux-2.6.32.2'
make: *** [all] 错误 2
[root@localhost module]#
这种是下载的很干净的内核,配置都没有配置;或是配置了,有.config但是没有make zImage。编译一下,不为用这个zImage,只是为了更好的编译内核模块。

其实看实质就是找不到auto.conf,这个其实已经有了,就是.config,但是如果不想手动来拷贝可以假装make zImage(如下),这里就可以了,完整的编译一个内核只为了这个一个配置文件,也太浪费了。

[root@localhost linux-2.6.32.2]# make zImage
  HOSTLD  scripts/kconfig/conf
scripts/kconfig/conf -s arch/arm/Kconfig
  CHK     include/linux/version.h
  UPD     include/linux/version.h
  Generating include/asm-arm/mach-types.h
  CHK     include/linux/utsrelease.h
  UPD     include/linux/utsrelease.h
  SYMLINK include/asm -> include/asm-arm
  CC      kernel/bounds.s
  GEN     include/linux/bounds.h
  CC      arch/arm/kernel/asm-offsets.s
  GEN     include/asm/asm-offsets.h
  CALL    scripts/checksyscalls.sh
  CC      scripts/mod/empty.o
  HOSTCC  scripts/mod/mk_elfconfig
  MKELF   scripts/mod/elfconfig.h
  HOSTCC  scripts/mod/file2alias.o
  HOSTCC  scripts/mod/modpost.o
  HOSTCC  scripts/mod/sumversion.o
  HOSTLD  scripts/mod/modpost
  HOSTCC  scripts/kallsyms
  HOSTCC  scripts/pnmtologo
  HOSTCC  scripts/conmakehash
  CC      init/main.o
  CHK     include/linux/compile.h
  UPD     include/linux/compile.h
  CC      init/version.o
^Cmake[1]: *** wait: 没有子进程。 停止。
make[1]: *** 正在等待未完成的任务....
make[1]: *** wait: 没有子进程。 停止。
make: *** wait: 没有子进程。 停止。
make: *** 正在等待未完成的任务....
make: *** wait: 没有子进程。 停止。
[root@localhost linux-2.6.32.2]#
这里再来make一下:

[root@localhost module]# make
make -C /opt/kangear/kernel/linux-2.6.32.2 M=/root/桌面/kangear/module modules
make[1]: Entering directory `/opt/kangear/kernel/linux-2.6.32.2'

  WARNING: Symbol version dump /opt/kangear/kernel/linux-2.6.32.2/Module.symvers
           is missing; modules will have no dependencies and modversions.

  CC [M]  /root/桌面/kangear/module/hello.o
  Building modules, stage 2.
  MODPOST 1 modules
WARNING: modpost: missing MODULE_LICENSE() in /root/桌面/kangear/module/hello.o
see include/linux/module.h for more information
  CC      /root/桌面/kangear/module/hello.mod.o
  LD [M]  /root/桌面/kangear/module/hello.ko
make[1]: Leaving directory `/opt/kangear/kernel/linux-2.6.32.2'
[root@localhost module]# ls
hello.c   hello.mod.c  hello.o   modules.order   param
hello.ko  hello.mod.o  Makefile  Module.symvers  symbol
[root@localhost module]#


注意看hello.ko就出来了。

第二种错误:模块代码有异常

[root@localhost hello]# make
make -C /opt/kangear/kernel/linux-2.6.32.2 M=/opt/kangear/hello  modules
make[1]: Entering directory `/opt/kangear/kernel/linux-2.6.32.2'

  WARNING: Symbol version dump /opt/kangear/kernel/linux-2.6.32.2/Module.symvers
           is missing; modules will have no dependencies and modversions.

  CC [M]  /opt/kangear/hello/hello.o
/opt/kangear/hello/hello.c:3: error: expected declaration specifiers or '...' before string constant
/opt/kangear/hello/hello.c:3: warning: data definition has no type or storage class
/opt/kangear/hello/hello.c:3: warning: type defaults to 'int' in declaration of 'MODULE_LECENSE'
/opt/kangear/hello/hello.c:3: warning: function declaration isn't a prototype
/opt/kangear/hello/hello.c:17: error: redefinition of '__inittest'
/opt/kangear/hello/hello.c:16: note: previous definition of '__inittest' was here
/opt/kangear/hello/hello.c: In function '__inittest':
/opt/kangear/hello/hello.c:17: warning: return from incompatible pointer type
/opt/kangear/hello/hello.c: At top level:
/opt/kangear/hello/hello.c:17: error: redefinition of 'init_module'
/opt/kangear/hello/hello.c:16: note: previous definition of 'init_module' was here
make[2]: *** [/opt/kangear/hello/hello.o] 错误 1
make[1]: *** [_module_/opt/kangear/hello] 错误 2
make[1]: Leaving directory `/opt/kangear/kernel/linux-2.6.32.2'
make: *** [default] 错误 2
[root@localhost hello]# make

这大多是模块代码的错误,里边有中文相关的一些东西了,一些符号。代码是在博客上拷贝的或者是在win下用ue编辑的,直接拷贝到Linux中就会有这种问题。唯一的办法就是重新打一编代码了。目前还没有找到合适的方法。(语法问题就不提了)

第三种:模块Makefile语法错误

[root@localhost hello]# make
make: Nothing to be done for `default'.
[root@localhost hello]#
对应的makefile是命令为:
default:
make -C $(KERNELDIR) M=$(PWD)  modules
make前边应该有一个tab键。或者是make前边是空格而不是tab。
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