python 实现新版websocket协议 server

python 实现新版websocket协议 server

博客分类：websocket
websocketpython websocket 和 正常 socket 使用方式有点不一样

正常socket 客户端流程:

连接 -> 连接成功 -> 接受数据 || 发送数据

完事了

正常socket 服务端流程:

创建套接字 -> 绑定 -> 接受连接 -> 接受数据 || 发送数据

完事了

websocket 客户端流程:

连接-> 连接成功 -> 创建消息响应事件 -> 发送数据

websocket 服务端流程

创建套接字 -> 绑定 -> 接受连接 -> 接受websocket 发送过来的http头 -> 处理要回应的http头 ->

回应客户端 -> 握手成功 -> 按照websocket数据格式接受发送数据

确实稍微麻烦点


现在开始用python来实现一个websocket server

Python代码



import socket,threading,struct

#启动websocket server
def InitWebSocketServer():
sock = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
try:
sock.bind(("localhost",3398)) #绑定本地地址,端口3398
sock.listen(100)
except:
print("Server is already running,quit")
sys.exit()
while True: #创建一个死循环,接受客户端
connection,address = sock.accept()
if(handshake(connection) != False): #如果握手失败,不启动任务
t = threading.Thread(target=DoRemoteCommand,args=(connection,))
t.start()

#连接成功后回应给客户端进行握手
def handshake(client):
headers = {}
shake = client.recv(1024)

if not len(shake):
return False

header, data = shake.split('\r\n\r\n', 1)
for line in header.split("\r\n")[1:]:
key, value = line.split(": ", 1)
headers[key] = value

if(headers.has_key("Sec-WebSocket-Key") == False):
print("this socket is not websocket,close")
client.close()
return False

szOrigin = headers["Sec-WebSocket-Origin"]
szKey = base64.b64encode(hashlib.sha1(headers["Sec-WebSocket-Key"] + '258EAFA5-E914-47DA-95CA-C5AB0DC85B11').digest())
szHost = headers["Host"]

our_handshake = "HTTP/1.1 101 Switching Protocols\r\n" \
"Upgrade:websocket\r\n"\
"Connection: Upgrade\r\n"\
"Sec-WebSocket-Accept:"+ szKey + "\r\n" \
"WebSocket-Origin:" + szOrigin + "\r\n" \
"WebSocket-Location: ws://" + szHost + "/WebManagerSocket\r\n" \
"WebSocket-Protocol:WebManagerSocket\r\n\r\n"

client.send(our_handshake)
return True

#接收客户端发送过来的消息,并且解包
def RecvData(nNum,client):
try:
pData = client.recv(nNum)
if not len(pData):
return False
except:
return False
else:
code_length = ord(pData[1]) & 127
if code_length == 126:
masks = pData[4:8]
data = pData[8:]
elif code_length == 127:
masks = pData[10:14]
data = pData[14:]
else:
masks = pData[2:6]
data = pData[6:]

raw_str = ""
i = 0
for d in data:
raw_str += chr(ord(d) ^ ord(masks[i%4]))
i += 1

return raw_str

#打包发送数据给客户端
def SendData(pData,client):
if(pData == False):
return False
else:
pData = str(pData)

token = "\x81"
length = len(pData)
if length < 126:
token += struct.pack("B", length)
elif length <= 0xFFFF:
token += struct.pack("!BH", 126, length)
else:
token += struct.pack("!BQ", 127, length)
pData = '%s%s' % (token,pData)

client.send(pData)

return True

#这算是客户端一个循环接受数据并且处理数据的线程
def DoRemoteCommand(connection):
while 1:
szBuf = RecvData(8196,connection)
if(szBuf == False):
break

import socket,threading,struct

#启动websocket server
def InitWebSocketServer():
sock = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
try:
sock.bind(("localhost",3398)) #绑定本地地址,端口3398
sock.listen(100)
except:
print("Server is already running,quit")
sys.exit()
while True:  #创建一个死循环,接受客户端
connection,address = sock.accept()
if(handshake(connection) != False): #如果握手失败,不启动任务
t = threading.Thread(target=DoRemoteCommand,args=(connection,))
t.start()

#连接成功后回应给客户端进行握手
def handshake(client):
headers = {}
shake = client.recv(1024)

if not len(shake):
return False

header, data = shake.split('\r\n\r\n', 1)
for line in header.split("\r\n")[1:]:
key, value = line.split(": ", 1)
headers[key] = value

if(headers.has_key("Sec-WebSocket-Key") == False):
print("this socket is not websocket,close")
client.close()
return False

szOrigin = headers["Sec-WebSocket-Origin"]
szKey = base64.b64encode(hashlib.sha1(headers["Sec-WebSocket-Key"] + '258EAFA5-E914-47DA-95CA-C5AB0DC85B11').digest())
szHost = headers["Host"]

our_handshake = "HTTP/1.1 101 Switching Protocols\r\n" \
"Upgrade:websocket\r\n"\
"Connection: Upgrade\r\n"\
"Sec-WebSocket-Accept:"+ szKey + "\r\n" \
"WebSocket-Origin:" + szOrigin + "\r\n" \
"WebSocket-Location: ws://" + szHost + "/WebManagerSocket\r\n" \
"WebSocket-Protocol:WebManagerSocket\r\n\r\n"

client.send(our_handshake)
return True

#接收客户端发送过来的消息,并且解包
def RecvData(nNum,client):
try:
pData = client.recv(nNum)
if not len(pData):
return False
except:
return False
else:
code_length = ord(pData[1]) & 127
if code_length == 126:
masks = pData[4:8]
data = pData[8:]
elif code_length == 127:
masks = pData[10:14]
data = pData[14:]
else:
masks = pData[2:6]
data = pData[6:]

raw_str = ""
i = 0
for d in data:
raw_str += chr(ord(d) ^ ord(masks[i%4]))
i += 1

return raw_str

#打包发送数据给客户端
def SendData(pData,client):
if(pData == False):
return False
else:
pData = str(pData)

token = "\x81"
length = len(pData)
if length < 126:
token += struct.pack("B", length)
elif length <= 0xFFFF:
token += struct.pack("!BH", 126, length)
else:
token += struct.pack("!BQ", 127, length)
pData = '%s%s' % (token,pData)

client.send(pData)

return True

#这算是客户端一个循环接受数据并且处理数据的线程
def DoRemoteCommand(connection):
while 1:
szBuf = RecvData(8196,connection)
if(szBuf == False):
break

对,完了,就这样,启动

Python代码



InitWebSocketServer()

InitWebSocketServer()

然后就可以与chrome和firefox的websocket通信了

客户端的实现可以看我另一篇文章

代码拿来直接就能用,在做项目中,没有这么多时间去系统的学习,有现成的资源就拿去用吧,以上代码实现的是新版的websocket协议,不兼容旧版的,目前网上大部分都是旧版的例子,需要的去找来组合下就可以了.

上面代码只是个草稿,根据自己的情况进行修改,websocket目前只能传输字符串,图片传输等可以使用base64编码后进行发送(数据大小会增加 1/3 左右)

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