mysql proxy、mysql-mmm实现读写分离高可用性 推荐

mysql proxy、mysql-mmm实现读写分离

测试环境：

mysql A：192.168.128.6 master

mysql B：192.168.128.7 master

mysql proxy+mysql-mmm：192.168.128.5

数据库写操作：192.168.128.8

数据库读操作：192.168.128.9,192.168.128.10

（数据库库读、写ip为虚拟ip，不在网卡上配置）

说明：mysqlA、B互为master实现数据库复制；mysql-mmm实现高可用，当其中一台服务器宕机，可将数据库读写操作自动切换到另一台；mysql proxy实现读写分离

一、 Mysql数据库安装（此处略过）

二、 Mysql数据库复制配置，两台数据库互为master

1、 数据库A上操作

登陆mysql

Mysql –u root –p

授权从服务器B同步数据用户

mysql> GRANT REPLICATION SLAVE ON *.* to 'slavedb'@'192.168.128.7' identified by '123456';

查看主服务器状态,记录红色字体标示，配置从服务器备用(注：数据库在生产系统时，需要先所表，防止数据库写入数据flush tables with read lock;)

mysql> show master status;

+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+

| File | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB |

+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+

| mysql-bin.000029 | 106 | | |

+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+

1 row in set (0.03 sec)

修改mysql配置文件

vi /etc/my.cnf

log-bin=mysql-bin

server-id = 1 #设置server-id为1,1表示为主服务器

binlog-do-db= #需要进行同步的数据库，全部库都同步可不填

binlog-ignore-db= #不需要同步的数据库

2、 数据库B上操作

登陆mysql

Mysql –u root –p

授权从服务器B同步数据用户

mysql> GRANT REPLICATION SLAVE ON *.* to 'slavedb'@'192.168.128.6' identified by '123456';

查看主服务器状态,记录红色字体标示，配置从服务器备用

mysql> show master status;

+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+

| File | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB |

+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+

| mysql-bin.000005 | 107 | | |

+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+

修改mysql配置文件

vi /etc/my.cnf

log-bin=mysql-bin

server-di = 2 #设置server-id为2

binlog-do-db= #根据需要进行设置

binlog-ignore-db= #根据需要进行设置

3、 分别登陆mysql A和B执行数据库同步命令

mysql –u root –p

停止slave同步

mysql> salve stop;

数据库A执行同步命令, master_log_file, master_log_pos选项需要根据主数据填写

Mysql>Change master to

master_host='192.168.128.7',

master_user='slavedb',

master_password='123456',

master_log_file='mysql-bin.000005',

master_log_pos=107;

数据库B执行同步命令, master_log_file, master_log_pos选项需要根据主数据填写

Mysql>Change master to

master_host='192.168.128.6',

master_user='slavedb',

master_password='123456',

master_log_file='mysql-bin.000029',

master_log_pos=106;

启动slave同步

mysql> salve start;

查看A同步状态，Slave_IO_Running，Slave_SQL_Running同时为yes表示已开启同步

mysql> show slave status\G

*************************** 1. row ***************************

Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event

Master_Host: 192.168.128.7

Master_User: slavedb

Master_Port: 3306

Connect_Retry: 60

Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000005

Read_Master_Log_Pos: 107

Relay_Log_File: mysqld-relay-bin.000026

Relay_Log_Pos: 252

Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000005

Slave_IO_Running: Yes

Slave_SQL_Running: Yes

Replicate_Do_DB:

Replicate_Ignore_DB:

查看B同步状态

mysql> show slave status\G

*************************** 1. row ***************************

Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event

Master_Host: 192.168.128.6

Master_User: slavedb

Master_Port: 3306

Connect_Retry: 60

Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000029

Read_Master_Log_Pos: 106

Relay_Log_File: lamp-relay-bin.000026

Relay_Log_Pos: 252

Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000029

Slave_IO_Running: Yes

Slave_SQL_Running: Yes

Replicate_Do_DB:

Replicate_Ignore_DB:

4、 测试主从复制

在数据库A创建数据库db1

mysql>create database db1;

在数据库B创建数据库db2

mysql>create database db2;

分别在数据库A、B查看数据库是否复制

mysql> show databases;

+--------------------+

| Database |

+--------------------+

| information_schema |

| db1 |

| db2 |

| mysql |

三、 配置mysql-mmm实现数据库双机热备高可用行

1、 在128.5、128.6、128.7三台服务器上分别安装mysql-mmm，需要perl支持

在128.6、128.7mysql服务器上安装perl模块

# perl -MCPAN -e shell

cpan> install Algorithm::Diff

cpan> install DBI

cpan>install Log::Dispatch

cpan> install Log::Log4perl

cpan> install Mail::Send

cpan> install Net::ARP

cpan> install Proc::Daemon

cpan> install Time::HiRes

cpan>install DBD::mysql

cpan>install File::stat

cpan>install File:basename

在128.5服务器安装perl模块

# perl -MCPAN -e shell

cpan> install Algorithm::Diff

cpan> install Class::Singleton

cpan> install Log::Dispatch

cpan> install Log::Log4perl

cpan> install Mail::Send

cpan> install Proc::Daemon

cpan> install Thread::Queue

cpan> install Time::HiRes

cpan> install DBI

cpan>install DBD::mysql

下载mysql-mmm

wget http://mysql-mmm.org/_media/:mmm2:mysql-mmm-2.2.1.tar.gz
也可以安装EPEL yum源安装

安装mysql-mmm

tar –zxvf mysql-mmm-2.2.1.tar.gz

cd mysql-mmm-2.2.1

make install

mysql-mmm文件位置及用途

/usr/lib/perl5/vendor_perl/5.8.8/MMM MMM 使用的 perl 模块

/usr/lib/mysql-mmm MMM 的脚本揑件

/usr/sbin MMM 的命令保存路径

/var/log/mysql-mmm MMM 的日志保存路径

/etc MMM 配置文件保存的路径

/etc/mysql-mmm MMM 配置文件保存的路径，优先级最高

/etc/init.d/ agentd 和 monitor 的启劢关闭脚本

2、 修改mysql-mmm配置文件

数据库A配置文件

vi /etc/mysql-mmm/mmm_agent.conf

include mmm_common.conf

this db1

vi /etc/mysql-mmm/mmm_common.conf

active_master_role writer

<host default>

cluster_interface eth0

pid_path /var/run/mmm_agentd.pid

bin_path /usr/lib/mysql-mmm/

replication_user slavedb

replication_password 123456

agent_user mmm_agent

agent_password mmm_agent

</host>

<host db1>

ip 192.168.128.6

mode master

peer db2

</host>

<host db2>

ip 192.168.128.7

mode master

peer db1

</host>

<role writer>

hosts db1, db2

ips 192.168.128.8

mode exclusive

</role>

<role reader>

hosts db1, db2

ips 192.168.128.9, 192.168.128.10

mode balanced

</role>

把mmm_common.conf配置文件复制到数据库B

数据库B配置文件

vi /etc/mysql-mmm/mmm_agent.conf

include mmm_common.conf

this db2

在数据库A、B中分别添加授权用户

<msyql>GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO "mmm_agent"@"192.168.128.7" IDENTIFIED BY 'mmm_agent' WITH GRANT OPTION;

<msyql>GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO "mmm_agent"@"192.168.128.6" IDENTIFIED BY 'mmm_agent' WITH GRANT OPTION;

在数据库A、B上启动mysql-mmm客户端

[root@nagios soft]# service mysql-mmm-agent start

Daemon bin: '/usr/sbin/mmm_agentd'

Daemon pid: '/var/run/mmm_agentd.pid'

Starting MMM Agent daemon... Ok

修改128.5服务器mysql-mmm-monitor

vi /etc/mysql-mmm/mmm_mon.conf

include mmm_common.conf

<monitor>

ip 127.0.0.1

pid_path /var/run/mmm_mond.pid

bin_path /usr/lib/mysql-mmm/

status_path /var/lib/misc/mmm_mond.status

ping_ips 192.168.128.6, 192.168.128.7

</monitor>

<host default>

monitor_user mmm_monitor

monitor_password mmm_monitor

</host>

debug 0

vi /etc/mysql-mmm/mmm_common.conf

active_master_role writer

<host db1>

ip 192.168.128.6

mode master

peer db2

</host>

<host db2>

ip 192.168.128.7

mode master

peer db1

</host>

<role writer>

hosts db1, db2

ips 192.168.128.8

mode exclusive

</role>

<role reader>

hosts db1, db2

ips 192.168.128.9, 192.168.128.10

mode balanced

</role>

在数据库A、B上添加授权账号

<mysql>GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO "mmm_monitor"@"192.168.128.5" IDENTIFIED BY 'mmm_monitor' WITH GRANT OPTION;

启动mysql-mmm-monitor

[root@centos ~]# service mysql-mmm-monitor start

Daemon bin: '/usr/sbin/mmm_mond'

Daemon pid: '/var/run/mmm_mond.pid'

Starting MMM Monitor daemon: Ok

查看mysql-mmm状态

[root@centos ~]# mmm_control show

db1(192.168.128.6) master/ONLINE. Roles: reader(192.168.128.10)

db2(192.168.128.7) master/ONLINE. Roles: reader(192.168.128.9), writer(192.168.128.8)

将数据库服务器设为在线状态

[root@centos ~]#mmm_control set_online db1

测试mysql-mmm，写操作在db2服务器上，将db2数据库停止，读操作将自动切换到db1

[root@centos ~]# mmm_control show

db1(192.168.128.6) master/ONLINE. Roles: reader(192.168.128.10), reader(192.168.128.9), writer(192.168.128.8)

db2(192.168.128.7) master/HARD_OFFLINE. Roles:

在客户端分别连接虚拟ip128.8,128.9,128.10进行读写测试

四、 配置数据库读写分离，由mysql proxy代理完成

1、 配置mysql proxy，根据需要下载32位或64位

wget http://cdn.mysql.com/Downloads/MySQL-Proxy/mysql-proxy-0.8.3-linux-glibc2.3-x86-32bit.tar.gz
wget http://cdn.mysql.com/Downloads/MySQL-Proxy/mysql-proxy-0.8.3-linux-glibc2.3-x86-64bit.tar.gz
解压mysql proxy

tar –zxvf mysql-proxy-0.8.3-linux-glibc2.3-x86-32bit.tar.gz

cp –r mysql-proxy-0.8.3-linux-glibc2.3-x86-32bit /usr/local/mysql-proxy

2、 创建mysql proxy配置文件，具体参数可查看/usr/local/mysql-proxy/bin/mysql-proxy –help-all

vi /etc/mysql-proxy.cnf

[mysql-proxy]

user=root #指定mysql-proxy运行用户

proxy-address=192.168.128.5:4040 #mysql-proxy运行运行ip和端口号

proxy-read-only-backend-addresses=192.168.128.9:3306 #读操作数据库地址

proxy-read-only-backend-addresses=192.168.128.10:3306

proxy-backend-addresses=192.168.128.8:3306 #写操作数据库地址

proxy-lua-script=/usr/local/mysql-proxy/scripts/rw-splitting.lua #读写分离配置文件路径

log-file=/usr/local/mysql-proxy/log/mysql-proxy.log #日志文件存放路径

log-level=debug

daemon=true #以守护进程方式运行

keepalive=true #mysql-proxy进程假死后自动重启

3、 创建日志存放目录

mkdir /usr/local/mysql-proxy/log

4、 复制读写分离配置文件

mkdir /usr/local/mysql-proxy/scripts

cp /usr/local/mysql-proxy/share/doc/mysql-proxy/rw-splitting.lua /usr/local/mysql-proxy/scripts

5、 修改读写分离配置文件，默认达到4个连接才进行读写分离

vi /usr/local/mysql-proxy/scripts/rw-splitting.lua

if not proxy.global.config.rwsplit then

proxy.global.config.rwsplit = {

min_idle_connections = 1, #默认4，改为1

max_idle_connections = 1, #默认8，改为1

is_debug = false

}

end

6、 修改mysql-proxy.cnf权限

chmod 660 /etc/mysql-proxy.cnf

7、 启动mysql proxy

/usr/local/mysql-proxy/bin/mysql-proxy --defaults-file=/etc/mysql-proxy.cnf

8、 创建用于读写分离数据库连接账户

登陆主服务器，创建用户

mysql > GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO "proxy"@"192.168.128.5" IDENTIFIED BY 'proxy' WITH GRANT OPTION;

9、 测试读写分离

从客户端登陆proxy代理，进行测试

[root@mysql ~]# mysql -u test -h192.168.128.5 -p -P4040

Enter password:

Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.

Your MySQL connection id is 61

Server version: 5.1.61-log Source distribution

Copyright (c) 2000, 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its

affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective

owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> show databases;

+--------------------+

| Database |

+--------------------+

| information_schema |

| db1 |

| db2 |

| db3 |

| mysql |

| zabbix |

+--------------------+

6 rows in set (0.16 sec)

查询为128.6数据库

关闭128.6mysql，在查询

mysql> show databases;

ERROR 2006 (HY000): MySQL server has gone away

No connection. Trying to reconnect...

Connection id: 199

Current database: *** NONE ***

+--------------------+

| Database |

+--------------------+

| information_schema |

| db1 |

| db2 |

| db3 |

| mysql |

| performance_schema |

| test |

| wikidb |

+--------------------+

8 rows in set (0.02 sec)

查询内容为128.7数据库