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【转载】如何在对话框程序中让对话框捕获WM_KEYDOWN消息

2012-03-13 18:45 453 查看

如何在对话框程序中让对话框捕获WM_KEYDOWN消息

作者:孙鑫 日期:2003-9-4

  在对话框程序中,我们经常是利用对话框上的子控件进行命令响应来处理一些事件。如果我们想要让对话框(子控件的父窗口)类来响应我们的按键消息,我们可以通过ClassWizard对WM_KEYDOWN消息进行响应,当程序运行后,我们按下键盘上的按键,但对话框不会有任何的反应。这是因为在对话框程序中,某些特定的消息,例如按键消息,它们被Windows内部的对话框过程处理了(即在基类中完成了处理,有兴趣的读者可以查看MFC的源代码),或者被发送给子控件进行处理,所以我们在对话框类中就捕获不到按键的消息了。

  既然我们知道了这个处理的过程,我们就可以找到底层处理按键消息的函数,然后在子类中重载它,就可以在对话框程序中处理按键消息了。在MFC中,是利用BOOLProcessMessageFilter(int code, LPMSG lpMsg)这个虚函数来过滤或响应菜单和对话框的特定Windows消息。下面我们通过程序给大家演示基于对话框的应用程序对WM_KEYDOWN消息的捕获。

第一步:新建一个工程,选择MFC AppWizard (exe),工程名为WinSun,点击ok,进入下一步,选择Dialog based,点击Finish。

第二步:在CWinSunApp类上点击右键,选择Add Member Varialbe,增加一个类型为HWND,变量名m_hwndDlg的public的变量。代码如下:

WinSun.h

class CWinSunApp : public CWinApp
{
public:
HWND m_hwndDlg;
CWinSunApp();

// Overrides
// ClassWizard generated virtual function overrides
//{{AFX_VIRTUAL(CWinSunApp)
public:
virtual BOOL InitInstance();
virtual BOOL ProcessMessageFilter(int code, LPMSG lpMsg);
//}}AFX_VIRTUAL

// Implementation

//{{AFX_MSG(CWinSunApp)
// NOTE - the ClassWizard will add and remove member functions here.
//    DO NOT EDIT what you see in these blocks of generated code !
//}}AFX_MSG
DECLARE_MESSAGE_MAP()
};


第三步:在WinSun.cpp(CWinSunApp类)文件中的InitInstance()函数中添加如下代码:

WinSun.cpp

BOOL CWinSunApp::InitInstance()
{
AfxEnableControlContainer();

// Standard initialization
// If you are not using these features and wish to reduce the size
//  of your final executable, you should remove from the following
//  the specific initialization routines you do not need.

#ifdef _AFXDLL
Enable3dControls();			// Call this when using MFC in a shared DLL
#else
Enable3dControlsStatic();	// Call this when linking to MFC statically
#endif

CWinSunDlg dlg;
m_pMainWnd = &dlg;
int nResponse = dlg.DoModal();
if (nResponse == IDOK)
{
// TODO: Place code here to handle when the dialog is
//  dismissed with OK
}
else if (nResponse == IDCANCEL)
{
// TODO: Place code here to handle when the dialog is
//  dismissed with Cancel
}

m_hwndDlg = NULL;
// Since the dialog has been closed, return FALSE so that we exit the
//  application, rather than start the application's message pump.
return FALSE;
}


  

第四步:在CWinSunApp类上点击右键,选择Add Virtual Function,在左边一栏里,选择ProcessMessageFilter,在右边按钮上选择Add and Edit,然后加入以下代码:

WinSun.cpp

BOOL CWinSunApp::ProcessMessageFilter(int code, LPMSG lpMsg)
{
// TODO: Add your specialized code here and/or call the base class
if ( m_hwndDlg != NULL )
{
//判断消息,如果消息是从对话框发出的或者其子控件发出的,我们就进行处理。sunxin
if ( lpMsg->hwnd == m_hwndDlg || ::IsChild( m_hwndDlg, lpMsg->hwnd ) )
{
//如果消息是WM_KEYDOWN,我们就弹出一个消息框。sunxin
if ( lpMsg->message == WM_KEYDOWN )
{
AfxMessageBox( "捕获WM_KEYDOWN消息成功!" );
}
}
}
return CWinApp::ProcessMessageFilter(code, lpMsg);
}


第五步:在WinSunDlg.cpp(CWinSunDlg类)中的OnInitialDialog()函数中加入以下代码:

WinSunDlg.cpp

BOOL CWinSunDlg::OnInitDialog()
{
CDialog::OnInitDialog();

// Add "About..." menu item to system menu.

// IDM_ABOUTBOX must be in the system command range.
ASSERT((IDM_ABOUTBOX & 0xFFF0) == IDM_ABOUTBOX);
ASSERT(IDM_ABOUTBOX < 0xF000);

CMenu* pSysMenu = GetSystemMenu(FALSE);
if (pSysMenu != NULL)
{
CString strAboutMenu;
strAboutMenu.LoadString(IDS_ABOUTBOX);
if (!strAboutMenu.IsEmpty())
{
pSysMenu->AppendMenu(MF_SEPARATOR);
pSysMenu->AppendMenu(MF_STRING, IDM_ABOUTBOX, strAboutMenu);
}
}

// Set the icon for this dialog.  The framework does this automatically
//  when the application's main window is not a dialog
SetIcon(m_hIcon, TRUE);			// Set big icon
SetIcon(m_hIcon, FALSE);		// Set small icon

// TODO: Add extra initialization here
//将对话框的句柄传递到CWinSunApp类中。sunxin
((CWinSunApp *)AfxGetApp())->m_hwndDlg = m_hWnd;

return TRUE;  // return TRUE  unless you set the focus to a control
}


第六步:在对话框窗口销毁后,将CWinSunApp类中的变量m_hwndDlg置为NULL,为此我们在CWinSunDlg类上点击右键,选择Add Windows Message Handler,在左边一栏中选择WM_DESTROY,在右边按钮上选择Add and Edit,然后加入以下代码:

WinSunDlg.cpp

void CWinSunDlg::OnDestroy()
{
CDialog::OnDestroy();

// TODO: Add your message handler code here
((CWinSunApp *)AfxGetApp())->m_hwndDlg = NULL;
}


至此,我们的工作就做完了,现在我们可以按Ctrl+F5运行程序,看到我们想要的结果。当然,如果我们想捕获WM_KEYUP或WM_CHAR消息,也是类似,这就交给读者下来自行完成了。

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