不使用资源文件动态创建对话框的做法

作者：朱金灿

来源：http://blog.csdn.net/clever101

一般而言，在 Windows编程中创建对话框需要先定义一个对话框资源。我想能不能不用资源文件单纯通过代码创建对话框呢？晚上搜索了一些资料，研究了一下，基本实现了。

我写了一个KDialog，代码如下（代码中有一些注释，相信大家能基本看懂）：

头文件的代码：

// kdialog.h
#ifndef KDIALOG_H_INCLUDED
#define KDIALOG_H_INCLUDED

#define ID_HELP   150
#define ID_EDIT	  180
#define ID_TEXT   200

class KDialog
{
public:

KDialog(HINSTANCE hinst, HWND hwndOwner);

~KDialog();

virtual INT_PTR DoModal();

protected:

// API中注册的消息处理函数，不能是成员函数，因为成员函数有this指针
static BOOL CALLBACK DialogProc(HWND hWnd,
UINT uMsg, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam);

private:

HWND  m_hOwnerWnd;

HINSTANCE m_hInst;

};

#endif // KDIALOG_H_INCLUDED

Cpp文件的代码：

#include "kdialog.h"

#include "resource.h"

BOOL CALLBACK DialogProc (HWND, UINT, WPARAM, LPARAM) ;

LPWORD lpwAlign ( LPWORD lpIn)
{
ULONG ul;

ul = (ULONG) lpIn;
ul +=3;
ul >>=2;
ul <<=2;
return (LPWORD) ul;
}

KDialog::KDialog(HINSTANCE hinst, HWND hwndOwner)
{
m_hInst = hinst;
m_hOwnerWnd = hwndOwner;
}

KDialog::~KDialog()
{

}

char nEditTwo[128]= "从这儿输入字符串." ;

BOOL CALLBACK KDialog::DialogProc(HWND hDlg,
UINT uMsg, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam)
{
switch (uMsg)
{
case WM_INITDIALOG :
SetDlgItemText ( hDlg, ID_EDIT, nEditTwo );
return TRUE ;

case WM_COMMAND :
switch (LOWORD (wParam))
{
case ID_EDIT :
GetDlgItemText (hDlg, ID_EDIT, nEditTwo, 127);
return TRUE;
case ID_HELP :
MessageBox( NULL, nEditTwo, "输入数据", MB_OK | MB_SYSTEMMODAL | MB_NOFOCUS);
return TRUE;
case IDOK :
EndDialog (hDlg, 0) ;
return TRUE ;
}
break ;
case WM_CLOSE:
EndDialog (hDlg, 0) ;
return TRUE ;
default:
break;
}
return FALSE ;
}

INT_PTR KDialog::DoModal()
{
HGLOBAL hgbl;
LPDLGTEMPLATE lpdt;
LPDLGITEMTEMPLATE lpdit;
LPWORD lpw;
LPWSTR lpwsz;
LRESULT ret;
int nchar;

hgbl = GlobalAlloc(GMEM_ZEROINIT, 1024);
if (!hgbl)
return -1;

lpdt = (LPDLGTEMPLATE)GlobalLock(hgbl);

// Define a dialog box.

lpdt->style = WS_POPUP | WS_BORDER | WS_SYSMENU
| DS_MODALFRAME | WS_CAPTION;
lpdt->cdit = 3;  // number of controls
lpdt->x  = 10;
lpdt->y  = 10;
lpdt->cx = 100;
lpdt->cy = 70;

lpw = (LPWORD) (lpdt + 1);
*lpw++ = 0;   // no menu
*lpw++ = 0;   // predefined dialog box class (by default)

lpwsz = (LPWSTR) lpw;
nchar = 1+ MultiByteToWideChar (CP_ACP, 0, "内存对话框", -1,
lpwsz, 50);
lpw   += nchar;

//-----------------------
// Define an OK button.
//-----------------------
lpw = lpwAlign (lpw);

lpdit = (LPDLGITEMTEMPLATE) lpw;
lpdit->x  = 10;
lpdit->y  = 50;
lpdit->cx = 80;
lpdit->cy = 15;
lpdit->id = IDOK;  // OK button identifier
lpdit->style = WS_CHILD | WS_VISIBLE | BS_DEFPUSHBUTTON;

lpw = (LPWORD) (lpdit + 1);
*lpw++ = 0xFFFF;
*lpw++ = 0x0080;    // button class

lpwsz = (LPWSTR) lpw;
nchar = 1+MultiByteToWideChar (CP_ACP, 0, "退出", -1, lpwsz, 50);
lpw   += nchar;
*lpw++ = 0;              // no creation data

//-----------------------
// Define a Help button.
//-----------------------
lpw = lpwAlign (lpw);

lpdit = (LPDLGITEMTEMPLATE) lpw;
lpdit->x  = 10;
lpdit->y  = 30;
lpdit->cx = 80;
lpdit->cy = 15;
lpdit->id = ID_HELP;    // Help button identifier
lpdit->style = WS_CHILD | WS_VISIBLE | BS_PUSHBUTTON;

lpw = (LPWORD) (lpdit + 1);
*lpw++ = 0xFFFF;
*lpw++ = 0x0080;                 // button class atom

lpwsz = (LPWSTR) lpw;
nchar = 1+MultiByteToWideChar (CP_ACP, 0, "显示输入", -1, lpwsz, 50);
lpw   += nchar;
*lpw++ = 0;                      // no creation data

//-----------------------
// Define a EDIT.
//-----------------------
lpw = lpwAlign (lpw);

lpdit = (LPDLGITEMTEMPLATE) lpw;
lpdit->x  = 10;
lpdit->y  = 10;
lpdit->cx = 80;
lpdit->cy = 12;
lpdit->id = ID_EDIT;    // Help button identifier
lpdit->style = ES_LEFT | WS_BORDER | WS_TABSTOP | WS_CHILD | WS_VISIBLE;

lpw = (LPWORD) (lpdit + 1);
*lpw++ = 0xFFFF;
*lpw++ = 0x0081;                 // edit class atom
*lpw++ = 0;                      // no creation data

GlobalUnlock(hgbl);

ret = DialogBoxIndirect(m_hInst,
(LPDLGTEMPLATE) hgbl,
m_hOwnerWnd,
(DLGPROC) DialogProc);

GlobalFree(hgbl);
return ret;
}

外部调用的方法也很简单（把应用程序句柄和对话框的所有者窗口句柄传进来即可）：

KDialog dlg(m_hInst,m_hWnd);
dlg.DoModal();

上面创建的是模式对话框，下面是创建非模式对话框的代码：

BOOL KDialog::DoModeless()
{
HGLOBAL hgbl;
LPDLGTEMPLATE lpdt;
LPDLGITEMTEMPLATE lpdit;
LPWORD lpw;
LPWSTR lpwsz;
LRESULT ret;
int nchar;

hgbl = GlobalAlloc(GMEM_ZEROINIT, 1024);
if (!hgbl)
return FALSE;

lpdt = (LPDLGTEMPLATE)GlobalLock(hgbl);

// Define a dialog box.

lpdt->style = WS_POPUP | WS_BORDER | WS_SYSMENU
| DS_MODALFRAME | WS_CAPTION;
lpdt->cdit = 3;  // number of controls
lpdt->x  = 10;
lpdt->y  = 10;
lpdt->cx = 100;
lpdt->cy = 70;

lpw = (LPWORD) (lpdt + 1);
*lpw++ = 0;   // no menu
*lpw++ = 0;   // predefined dialog box class (by default)

lpwsz = (LPWSTR) lpw;
nchar = 1+ MultiByteToWideChar (CP_ACP, 0, "内存对话框", -1,
lpwsz, 50);
lpw   += nchar;

//-----------------------
// Define an OK button.
//-----------------------
lpw = lpwAlign (lpw);

lpdit = (LPDLGITEMTEMPLATE) lpw;
lpdit->x  = 10;
lpdit->y  = 50;
lpdit->cx = 80;
lpdit->cy = 15;
lpdit->id = IDOK;  // OK button identifier
lpdit->style = WS_CHILD | WS_VISIBLE | BS_DEFPUSHBUTTON;

lpw = (LPWORD) (lpdit + 1);
*lpw++ = 0xFFFF;
*lpw++ = 0x0080;    // button class

lpwsz = (LPWSTR) lpw;
nchar = 1+MultiByteToWideChar (CP_ACP, 0, "退出", -1, lpwsz, 50);
lpw   += nchar;
*lpw++ = 0;              // no creation data

//-----------------------
// Define a Help button.
//-----------------------
lpw = lpwAlign (lpw);

lpdit = (LPDLGITEMTEMPLATE) lpw;
lpdit->x  = 10;
lpdit->y  = 30;
lpdit->cx = 80;
lpdit->cy = 15;
lpdit->id = ID_HELP;    // Help button identifier
lpdit->style = WS_CHILD | WS_VISIBLE | BS_PUSHBUTTON;

lpw = (LPWORD) (lpdit + 1);
*lpw++ = 0xFFFF;
*lpw++ = 0x0080;                 // button class atom

lpwsz = (LPWSTR) lpw;
nchar = 1+MultiByteToWideChar (CP_ACP, 0, "显示输入", -1, lpwsz, 50);
lpw   += nchar;
*lpw++ = 0;                      // no creation data

//-----------------------
// Define a EDIT.
//-----------------------
lpw = lpwAlign (lpw);

lpdit = (LPDLGITEMTEMPLATE) lpw;
lpdit->x  = 10;
lpdit->y  = 10;
lpdit->cx = 80;
lpdit->cy = 12;
lpdit->id = ID_EDIT;    // Help button identifier
lpdit->style = ES_LEFT | WS_BORDER | WS_TABSTOP | WS_CHILD | WS_VISIBLE;

lpw = (LPWORD) (lpdit + 1);
*lpw++ = 0xFFFF;
*lpw++ = 0x0081;                 // edit class atom
*lpw++ = 0;                      // no creation data

GlobalUnlock(hgbl);

HWND hDlg = CreateDialogIndirect(m_hInst,
(LPDLGTEMPLATE) hgbl,
m_hOwnerWnd,
(DLGPROC) DialogProc);
if(NULL==hDlg)
return FALSE;

::ShowWindow(hDlg,SW_SHOW);

GlobalFree(hgbl);
return TRUE;
}

效果图如下：



具体的实现原理，大家请参考这篇文章：对话框模板，RegexTest，微软官网上也有相关的文章：UsingDialog Boxes。此外CodeProject上的一个例子：UsingDialog Templates to create an InputBox() in C++