Understanding Linux Network Internals-4.2 Background Information

Background Information

背景信息
Some knowledge of operating systems would help. The networking code, like any other component of the operating system, must follow both common sense and implicit rules for coexistence with the rest of the kernel, including proper use of locking; fair use of memory and CPU; and an eye toward modularity, code cleanliness, and good performance. Even though I occasionally spend time on those aspects, I refer you to the other two O'Reilly kernel books mentioned earlier for a deeper and detailed discussion on generic operating system services and design.
操作系统的一些知识会带来帮助。网络代码，像操作系统的其他组成部分，必须跟随常识和无疑问的为了支撑核心共存的规则，包括适当的锁定的使用；内存和中央处理器的合理使用；留心与模块化，代码清晰度，和好的执行。虽然我偶尔花费时间在这些上面，我建议你参考其他的两个奥雷利出版社发行的关于核心的书更容易的深入描述和在通用的操作系统的服务和设计的详细讨论。

Some knowledge of networking, and especially IP, would also help. However, I think the theory overview that precedes each implementation description in this book is sufficient to make the book self-contained for both newcomers and experienced readers.
一些网络知识，尤其网络协议知识，也会有所帮助。无论如何，我认为在这本书里每个实现描述之前的理论总结对于新进入者和有经验的读者都是足够有用的使这本书能够自给自足。

The theoretical description of the topics covered in the book does not require any programming experience. However, the descriptions of the associated implementations require an intermediate knowledge of the C language. Chapter 1 will go through a series of coding conventions and tricks that are often used in the code, which should help especially those with less experience with C and kernel programming.
覆盖这本书的理论性的描述不需要任何程序经验。无论如何，关联的实现需求的描述需要一个中等的C语言知识。第一节描述一系列的在代码中经常用到的代码惯例和技巧，这应该能帮助那些尤其缺少C和核心程序经验的人。