一个用C＃写的词法分析程序

namespace 词法分析
{
/// <summary>
/// Form1 的摘要说明。
/// </summary>
public class Form1 : System.Windows.Forms.Form
{
private System.Windows.Forms.Label label1;

private System.Windows.Forms.Button button1;
private System.Windows.Forms.Button button2;
private System.Windows.Forms.Button button3;

private System.Windows.Forms.RichTextBox richTextBox1;
private System.Windows.Forms.RichTextBox richTextBox2;

private System.Windows.Forms.OpenFileDialog openFileDialog1;
private System.Windows.Forms.SaveFileDialog saveFileDialog1;

/// <summary>
/// 必需的设计器变量。
/// </summary>
private System.ComponentModel.Container components = null;

public Form1()
{
//
// Windows 窗体设计器支持所必需的
//
InitializeComponent();

//
// TODO: 在 InitializeComponent 调用后添加任何构造函数代码
//
}

/// <summary>
/// 清理所有正在使用的资源。
/// </summary>
protected override void Dispose(bool disposing)
{
if (disposing)
{
if (components != null)
{
components.Dispose();
}
}
base.Dispose(disposing);
}

#region Windows 窗体设计器生成的代码
/// <summary>
/// 设计器支持所需的方法 - 不要使用代码编辑器修改
/// 此方法的内容。
/// </summary>
private void InitializeComponent()
{
this.label1 = new System.Windows.Forms.Label();
this.button1 = new System.Windows.Forms.Button();
this.richTextBox1 = new System.Windows.Forms.RichTextBox();
this.button2 = new System.Windows.Forms.Button();
this.richTextBox2 = new System.Windows.Forms.RichTextBox();
this.openFileDialog1 = new System.Windows.Forms.OpenFileDialog();
this.saveFileDialog1 = new System.Windows.Forms.SaveFileDialog();
this.button3 = new System.Windows.Forms.Button();
this.SuspendLayout();
//
// label1
//
this.label1.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(8, 8);
this.label1.Name = "label1";
this.label1.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(72, 24);
this.label1.TabIndex = 0;
this.label1.Text = "词法分析";
//
// button1
//
this.button1.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(240, 8);
this.button1.Name = "button1";
this.button1.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(64, 23);
this.button1.TabIndex = 1;
this.button1.Text = "分析";
this.button1.Click += new System.EventHandler(this.button1_Click);
//
// richTextBox1
//
this.richTextBox1.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(24, 48);
this.richTextBox1.Name = "richTextBox1";
this.richTextBox1.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(240, 352);
this.richTextBox1.TabIndex = 2;
this.richTextBox1.Text = "";
// this.richTextBox1.TextChanged += new System.EventHandler(this.richTextBox1_TextChanged);
//
// button2
//
this.button2.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(96, 8);
this.button2.Name = "button2";
this.button2.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(64, 23);
this.button2.TabIndex = 3;
this.button2.Text = "读入";
this.button2.Click += new System.EventHandler(this.button2_Click);
//
// richTextBox2
//
this.richTextBox2.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(280, 48);
this.richTextBox2.Name = "richTextBox2";
this.richTextBox2.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(280, 352);
this.richTextBox2.TabIndex = 4;
this.richTextBox2.Text = "";
//
// button3
//
this.button3.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(384, 8);
this.button3.Name = "button3";
this.button3.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(56, 23);
this.button3.TabIndex = 5;
this.button3.Text = "保存";
this.button3.Click += new System.EventHandler(this.button3_Click);
//
// Form1
//
this.AutoScaleBaseSize = new System.Drawing.Size(6, 14);
this.ClientSize = new System.Drawing.Size(584, 430);
this.Controls.Add(this.button3);
this.Controls.Add(this.richTextBox2);
this.Controls.Add(this.button2);
this.Controls.Add(this.richTextBox1);
this.Controls.Add(this.button1);
this.Controls.Add(this.label1);
this.MaximizeBox = false;
this.Name = "Form1";
this.Text = "Form1";
// this.Load += new System.EventHandler(this.Form1_Load);
this.ResumeLayout(false);

}
#endregion

/// <summary>
/// 应用程序的主入口点。
/// </summary>
[STAThread]
static void Main()
{
Application.Run(new Form1());
}
/// <summary>
/// 词法分析函数
/// </summary>
/// <param name="sender"></param>
/// <param name="e"></param>
private void button1_Click(object sender, System.EventArgs e)
{
//得到想要的字符数组。
char[] getch = textToCharArray();

//将字符数组，转换为词法分析后的　单词数组。
string[] stringArray = charArrayToStringArray(getch);

//将单词数组分类，用数字标出各个单词所在的类别。
string[,] twoStringArray = stringArrayToTwoStringArray(stringArray);

//用于输出二维数组。
printString(twoStringArray);

}
/// <summary>
/// 输出结果　即用于输出二维数组。
/// </summary>
/// <param name="twoStringArray"></param>
private void printString(string[,] twoStringArray)
{
//提示说明
this.richTextBox2.Text = "1 -> 保留字" + "\r\n" +
"2 -> 运算符" + "\r\n" +
"3 -> 分隔符" + "\r\n" +
"4 -> 数字 " + "\r\n" +
"5 -> 其它" + "\r\n";
//输出二维数组中的数据
for (int x = 0; x < twoStringArray.Length / 2; x++)
{
for (int y = 0; y < 2; y++)
{
this.richTextBox2.Text = this.richTextBox2.Text + twoStringArray[y, x] + " ";
if (y == 1)
{
this.richTextBox2.Text = this.richTextBox2.Text + "\r\n";
}
}
}
}

/// <summary>
/// 打开方件
/// </summary>
/// <param name="sender"></param>
/// <param name="e"></param>
private void button2_Click(object sender, System.EventArgs e)// 文件打开的方法。
{
openFileDialog1.Filter = "文本文件(*.txt)|*.txt";
openFileDialog1.Title = "打开要分析的源文件。";

if (openFileDialog1.ShowDialog() == DialogResult.OK)
{
System.IO.StreamReader sr = new
System.IO.StreamReader(openFileDialog1.FileName);
this.richTextBox1.Text = sr.ReadToEnd();
sr.Close();
}
}
/// <summary>
/// 保存文件　
/// </summary>
/// <param name="sender"></param>
/// <param name="e"></param>
private void button3_Click(object sender, System.EventArgs e)
{
saveFileDialog1.Filter = "文本文件(*.txt)|*.txt";
saveFileDialog1.Title = "保存分析结果.";
if(saveFileDialog1.ShowDialog() == DialogResult.OK)
{
System.IO.StreamWriter wr = new System.IO.StreamWriter(saveFileDialog1.FileName);
wr.Write(this.richTextBox2.Text);
wr.Close();
}
}

/// <summary>
/// 引用二维数组和单词的标志j
/// </summary>
/// <param name="twoArray"></param>
/// <param name="j"></param>
private void oneArrayToTwo(ref string[,] twoArray, ref int j)
{

string[,] tempArray = twoArray;
twoArray = new string[2, j + 2];
for (int x = 0; x < 2; x++)
{
for (int y = 0; y < j + 1; y++)
{
twoArray[x, y] = tempArray[x, y];
}
}
j = j + 1;
}
/// <summary>
/// 引用单词数组，和要加入单词数组的单词
/// </summary>
/// <param name="stringArrange"></param>
/// <param name="st"></param>
private void stringToArrayString(ref string[] stringArrange, string st)
{

if (stringArrange[0] == "")
{
stringArrange[0] = st;
}
else
{
string[] oldA = stringArrange;//刚得到的字符串
int i = oldA.Length + 1;
stringArrange = new string[i];//申请一个长一个的字符数组。
oldA.CopyTo(stringArrange, 0);//将先前的字符数组考到现在这个数组中。
stringArrange[stringArrange.Length - 1] = st;
}
}
/// <summary>
/// 将Text中的字符串，存入一个字符数组中。
/// </summary>
/// <returns></returns>
private char[] textToCharArray()
{
string stringTemp;
stringTemp = this.richTextBox1.Text;
char[] getch = stringTemp.ToCharArray();//要处理的字符都在getch这个数组中。
return getch;
}
/// <summary>
/// 字符数组 到 单词数组
/// </summary>
/// <param name="getch"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
private string[] charArrayToStringArray(char[] getch)//将字符数组转换为字符串数组。即词法分析后的单词数组。
{
string[] stringArrange ={ "" };//用这个字符串数组存放词法分析后得到的单词。
char charTemp;
string stringSave = "";// 存放一个分析得到的单词

//一次循环因得到一个单词。
for (int i = 0; i < getch.Length; i++)
{
charTemp = getch[i];

//由字母开头　数字和字母组成的单词。
if (charTemp >= 'a' &&
charTemp <= 'z'
||
charTemp >= 'A' &&
charTemp <= 'Z')
{
stringSave = charTemp.ToString();
i = i + 1;
int test = 0;//判断循环是否结束，1　为结束。
while (test == 0)
{
charTemp = getch[i];
if (charTemp >= 'a' &&
charTemp <= 'z'
||
charTemp >= 'A' &&
charTemp <= 'Z'
||
charTemp >= '0' &&
charTemp <= '9')
{
stringSave = stringSave + charTemp.ToString();
i = i + 1;
}
else
test = 1;
}
stringToArrayString(ref stringArrange, stringSave);
}
stringSave = "";
//由数字组成的单词。
if (charTemp >= '0' &&
charTemp <= '9')
{
stringSave = stringSave + charTemp.ToString();
i = i + 1;
int test1 = 0;
while (test1 == 0)
{
charTemp = getch[i];
if (charTemp >= '0' &&
charTemp <= '9')
{
stringSave = stringSave + charTemp.ToString();
i = i + 1;
}
else
test1 = 1;
}
stringToArrayString(ref stringArrange, stringSave);
}
stringSave = "";
//由运算符组成的单词。
if (charTemp == '+'
|| charTemp == '-'
|| charTemp == '*'
|| charTemp == '/'
|| charTemp == '='
|| charTemp == '<'
|| charTemp == '>'
|| charTemp == '!')
{
stringSave = stringSave + charTemp.ToString();
i = i + 1;
int test2 = 0;
while (test2 == 0)
{
charTemp = getch[i];
if (charTemp == '+'
|| charTemp == '-'
|| charTemp == '*'
|| charTemp == '/'
|| charTemp == '='
|| charTemp == '<'
|| charTemp == '>'
|| charTemp == '!')
{
stringSave = stringSave + charTemp.ToString();
i = i + 1;
}
else
test2 = 1;
}
stringToArrayString(ref stringArrange, stringSave);
}
stringSave = "";
//由介符组成的单词。
if (charTemp == '('
|| charTemp == ')'
|| charTemp == '{'
|| charTemp == '}'
|| charTemp == '['
|| charTemp == ']'
|| charTemp == ','
|| charTemp == ':'
|| charTemp == ';'
|| charTemp == '"'
|| charTemp == '\''
|| charTemp == '\\')
{
stringSave = stringSave + charTemp.ToString();
stringToArrayString(ref stringArrange, stringSave);
}
}
return stringArrange;
}
/// <summary>
/// 单词数组 到 二维单词数组。
/// </summary>
/// <param name="stringArray"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
private string[,] stringArrayToTwoStringArray(string[] stringArray)
{
//存放单词标识后的结果。
string[,] twoArray = new string[2, 1];
//单词的标志
int j = 0;

//每循环一次，把一个单词归于一类，即前面加上一个数字。
for (int i = 0; i < stringArray.Length; i++)
{
//保留字 1
if (stringArray[i] == "main"
|| stringArray[i] == "int"
|| stringArray[i] == "float"
|| stringArray[i] == "printf"
|| stringArray[i] == "if"
|| stringArray[i] == "for"
|| stringArray[i] == "while"
|| stringArray[i] == "do"
|| stringArray[i] == "return"
|| stringArray[i] == "break"
|| stringArray[i] == "continue")
{
twoArray[0, j] =

"1";
twoArray[1, j] = stringArray[i];
this.oneArrayToTwo(ref twoArray, ref j);
}
//运算符 2
else
if (stringArray[i] == "+"
|| stringArray[i] == "-"
|| stringArray[i] == "*"
|| stringArray[i] == "/"
|| stringArray[i] == ">"
|| stringArray[i] == "<"
|| stringArray[i] == ">="
|| stringArray[i] == "<="
|| stringArray[i] == "!="
|| stringArray[i] == "=="
|| stringArray[i] == "++"
|| stringArray[i] == "--"
|| stringArray[i] == "=")
{
twoArray[0, j] = "2";
twoArray[1, j] = stringArray[i];
this.oneArrayToTwo(ref twoArray, ref j);
}
//分隔符 3
else
if (stringArray[i] == "("
|| stringArray[i] == ")"
|| stringArray[i] == "{"
|| stringArray[i] == "}"
|| stringArray[i] == "["
|| stringArray[i] == "]"
|| stringArray[i] == ","
|| stringArray[i] == ";"
|| stringArray[i] == ":"
|| stringArray[i] == "\""
|| stringArray[i] == "/*"
|| stringArray[i] == "*/")
{
twoArray[0, j] = "3";
twoArray[1, j] = stringArray[i];
this.oneArrayToTwo(ref twoArray, ref j);
}
//数字 4
else
if (stringArray[i].ToCharArray()[0] >= '0' &&
stringArray[i].ToCharArray()[0] <= '9')
{
twoArray[0, j] = "4";//数字
twoArray[1, j] = stringArray[i];
this.oneArrayToTwo(ref twoArray, ref j);
}
//其它 5(变量等)
else
{
twoArray[0, j] = "5";
twoArray[1, j] = stringArray[i];
this.oneArrayToTwo(ref twoArray, ref j);
}
}
return twoArray;
}

}
}