rche 033----unit6 users,groups and permitions

unit6 users,groups and permitions

less /etc/passwd 输入vi 按i 进入编辑模式
[root@mycentos ~]# less /etc/passwd
root:x:0:0:root:/root:/bin/bash
bin:x:1:1:bin:/bin:/sbin/nologin
daemon:x:2:2:daemon:/sbin:/sbin/nologin
adm:x:3:4:adm:/var/adm:/sbin/nologin
lp:x:4:7:lp:/var/spool/lpd:/sbin/nologin
sync:x:5:0:sync:/sbin:/bin/sync
shutdown:x:6:0:shutdown:/sbin:/sbin/shutdown
halt:x:7:0:halt:/sbin:/sbin/halt
mail:x:8:12:mail:/var/spool/mail:/sbin/nologin
news:x:9:13:news:/etc/news:
uucp:x:10:14:uucp:/var/spool/uucp:/sbin/nologin
operator:x:11:0:operator:/root:/sbin/nologin
games:x:12:100:games:/usr/games:/sbin/nologin
gopher:x:13:30:gopher:/var/gopher:/sbin/nologin
ftp:x:14:50:FTP User:/var/ftp:/sbin/nologin
nobody:x:99:99:Nobody:/:/sbin/nologin
rpc:x:32:32:Portmapper RPC user:/:/sbin/nologin
mailnull:x:47:47::/var/spool/mqueue:/sbin/nologin
smmsp:x:51:51::/var/spool/mqueue:/sbin/nologin
nscd:x:28:28:NSCD Daemon:/:/sbin/nologin
vcsa:x:69:69:virtual console memory owner:/dev:/sbin/nologin
rpcuser:x:29:29:RPC Service User:/var/lib/nfs:/sbin/nologin
nfsnobody:x:65534:65534:Anonymous NFS User:/var/lib/nfs:/sbin/nologin
sshd:x:74:74:Privilege-separated SSH:/var/empty/sshd:/sbin/nologin
pcap:x:77:77::/var/arpwatch:/sbin/nologin
dbus:x:81:81:System message bus:/:/sbin/nologin
haldaemon:x:68:68:HAL daemon:/:/sbin/nologin
avahi:x:70:70:Avahi daemon:/:/sbin/nologin
avahi-autoipd:x:100:103:avahi-autoipd:/var/lib/avahi-autoipd:/sbin/nolo
gin
xfs:x:43:43:X Font Server:/etc/X11/fs:/sbin/nologin
wwy::500:500::/home/wwy:/bin/bash
user1u::501:501::/home/user1:/bin/bash

cisco:x:502:502::/home/cisco:/bin/bash
x====表示设了密码，后面分别是用户id和用户组id,用户输入密码时首先被送入/bin/bash中处理
cisco1::503:503::/home/cisco1:/bin/bash
去掉x就代表没有密码，可直接登陆
cisco2::504:504::/home/cisco2:/bin/bash
c1:x:505:505::/home/c1:/bin/bash

[root@mycentos ~]# less /etc/shadow
root:$1$sWVwkyPW$Vlzxb1aQIORnOmw/rvijz.:14358:0:99999:7:::
bin:*:14358:0:99999:7:::
daemon:*:14358:0:99999:7:::
adm:*:14358:0:99999:7:::
lp:*:14358:0:99999:7:::
sync:*:14358:0:99999:7:::
shutdown:*:14358:0:99999:7:::
halt:*:14358:0:99999:7:::
mail:*:14358:0:99999:7:::
news:*:14358:0:99999:7:::
uucp:*:14358:0:99999:7:::
operator:*:14358:0:99999:7:::
games:*:14358:0:99999:7:::
gopher:*:14358:0:99999:7:::
ftp:*:14358:0:99999:7:::
nobody:*:14358:0:99999:7:::
rpc:!!:14358:0:99999:7:::
mailnull:!!:14358:0:99999:7:::
smmsp:!!:14358:0:99999:7:::
nscd:!!:14358:0:99999:7:::
vcsa:!!:14358:0:99999:7:::
rpcuser:!!:14358:0:99999:7:::
nfsnobody:!!:14358:0:99999:7:::
sshd:!!:14358:0:99999:7:::
pcap:!!:14358:0:99999:7:::
dbus:!!:14358:0:99999:7:::
haldaemon:!!:14358:0:99999:7:::
avahi:!!:14358:0:99999:7:::
avahi-autoipd:!!:14358:0:99999:7:::
xfs:!!:14358:0:99999:7:::===============感叹号代表没有密码
c1:$1$WapYmxSk$H9KCoyNsXh6Tf4mj9z1i6/:14359:0:99999:7:::

groups
stored in /etc/group
less /etc/group

nfsnobody:x:65534:
sshd:x:74:
pcap:x:77:
slocate:x:21:
stapdev:x:101:
stapusr:x:102:
dbus:x:81:
haldaemon:x:68:
avahi:x:70:
avahi-autoipd:x:103:
xfs:x:43:
c1:x:505: ====此组需要密码
====最后一栏是组成员

less /etc/gshadow
[root@mycentos ~]# less /etc/gshadow
root:::root
bin:::root,bin,daemon
daemon:::root,bin,daemon
sys:::root,bin,adm
adm:::root,adm,daemon
tty:::
disk:::root
lp:::daemon,lp
mem:::
kmem:::
wheel:::root
mail:::mail
news:::news
uucp:::uucp
man:::
games:::
gopher:::
dip:::
ftp:::
lock:::
nobody:::
users:::
utmp:x::
rpc:x::
mailnull:x::
smmsp:x::
nscd:x::
utempter:x::
floppy:x::
vcsa:x::
rpcuser:x::
nfsnobody:x::
sshd:x::
pcap:x::
slocate:x::
stapdev:x::
stapusr:x::
dbus:x::
haldaemon:x::
avahi:x::
avahi-autoipd:x::
xfs:x::
c1:!::
[root@mycentos ~]# less /etc/gshadow
root:::root
bin:::root,bin,daemon
xfs:x::
c1:!::

less /etc/passwd 修改gid
less /etc/gshadow
less /etc/group 删除所属gid的user
ls -l /tmp mkdir dir1

permision
chmod -R 777 doc--------包含有子目录和文件：全部设置
[root@mycentos ~]# cd doc
[root@mycentos doc]# touch 1.txt
[root@mycentos doc]# touch 2.txt
[root@mycentos doc]# touch 3.txt
[root@mycentos doc]# mkdir excel
[root@mycentos doc]# mkdir ppt
[root@mycentos doc]# ls
1.txt 2.txt 3.txt excel ppt
[root@mycentos doc]# ls -l
total 28
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Apr 26 07:01 1.txt
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Apr 26 07:01 2.txt
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Apr 26 07:01 3.txt
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Apr 26 07:01 excel
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Apr 26 07:01 ppt
[root@mycentos ~]# chmod -R 742 doc===================
[root@mycentos ~]# ls -l doc
total 28
-rwxr---w- 1 root root 0 Apr 26 07:01 1.txt
-rwxr---w- 1 root root 0 Apr 26 07:01 2.txt
-rwxr---w- 1 root root 0 Apr 26 07:01 3.txt
drwxr---w- 2 root root 4096 Apr 26 07:01 excel
drwxr---w- 2 root root 4096 Apr 26 07:01 ppt
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